共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 921 毫秒
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Patrick Findler 《体育哲学杂志》2013,40(3):443-462
In recent years, Pop Warner, the world’s largest youth football organization, has seen its numbers decline. This decline is due to concerns about new research establishing a link between football and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a debilitating neurodegenerative disease. Hundreds of thousands of parents are now struggling with a difficult ethical issue: should kids play football? Since parents have an obligation to help children develop the capacities required for autonomous choice, the risks posed by football establish a strong presumption against allowing kids to play the game. I consider whether this presumption can be defeated by the arguments for allowing kids to play dangerous sports offered by John Russell in his papers ’The Value of Dangerous Sport’ and ‘Children and Dangerous Sport and Recreation’. While Russell does not argue that kids should be permitted to play football, and agrees that some sports may be too risky for children, he argues that kids should often be allowed to participate in extraordinarily risky sports. I contend that the reasons given in support of this position fail to defeat the presumption against allowing kids to play football. Thus, in the absence of further argument, or radical changes to the game, children should not play football. 相似文献
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Daniel Bloyce 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(4):387-405
During the two world wars of the twentieth century, American cultural wares were spread far and wide, and the global pervasiveness of US troops contributed significantly toward this development. One major aspect of an American serviceman's spare time was his involvement with sporting pursuits and, where possible, baseball matches were played, and even formalized, in the guise of exhibition matches played for war charities. Little, if anything, has been written about the matches that were played by the American military outside the USA from the perspective of the indigenous population. This paper examines the English response to the ‘friendly’ American invasion: the invasion of allied troops and their favourite pastime, baseball. In doing so, it is evident that even though, on the whole, the troops were welcome, there was a less than positive reception for the American national game. 相似文献
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From February 17th to 22nd, annual World Magic Seminar was held in Las Vegas, U.S.A. There were 850 attendees from all over the world. Representatives from China Acrobats Association took part in the events in order to make promotion for the World Championships of Magic 2009 in Beijing. We set up a promotion booth, 相似文献
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TEAM3D热情、奉献与纪律：Team3D的美国梦Desire Dedication Discipline:The American Dream of Team3D Team 3D的故事,是一个美国梦的故事。至少Team 3D的历程,符合无数青年人的梦想。在一种具有包容性的文化下成长起来的年轻人,多元化的生活方式的理念已经深入人心,在这样的背景下,成功的外延被无限的放大。从Volcanno登上华盛顿邮报开始,标志着Team3D代表的独立自主的思想被西方主流社会所认知。 相似文献
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Nancy L. Struna 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):151-160
Abstract This study examined the impact of high and low proficiency level, transfer distality, and gender on the contextual interference effect with an open skill. Subjects were separated into two levels of proficiency based on performance on a pretest similar to the experimental task. Analysis of error scores during acquisition indicated that the partitioning of subjects according to ability level had been successful. Transfer distality was varied by presenting subjects with two tasks varying in similarity to the acquisition task. Analysis of absolute constant, constant, variable, and total error scores in transfer strongly suggested that subjects' consistency rather than response bias was affected by the experimental variables. The findings suggested that, for the task used in this study, proficiency level does not account for gender differences in the contextual interference effect, as the effect was only reliably found for females. For coincident timing skills, it appears that there may be two distinct conclusions drawn from the results of this study: contextual interference only benefits female subjects' consistency and the effect of contextual interference increases with the distality of transfer, regardless of the subjects' proficiency level. 相似文献
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AbstractThis study examines the American football press coverage in the Times of London from 1888 to November 1910. The time span covers the paper’s first mention of the game to the first game played in England. This period also coincides with increasing anxiety about the strength of the British Empire and unwanted American influences. During this time, athletic contests between the two nations turned into sites for the construction of national identities. Adapting the sport scholar Emma Poulton’s concept of ‘mediated patriot games’, the author argues that the American football coverage of the Times of London could be considered ‘virtual patriot games’, as the absence of domestic American football teams did not allow for direct competition. Two related narrative elements. The stories in the Times framed gridiron football as the pastime of the ‘other’, including translating rules and comparing the merits of rugby and American football. The reports also focused on the American game’s violence, confirming older traditions in British imaginations of America. Advancements in communication technologies, especially the telegraphic wire, were critical for the immediacy with which British readers consumed American sporting news. Contrary to current scholarship, British interpretations of American culture through gridiron football developed much earlier than the post-1970s information age. 相似文献
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This discussion focuses on how the rise of America's national sporting pastimes, during the period 1880–1920, was inextricably tied to the ambitions and outpourings of American print capitalism and a concomitant congealing of a sense of modern American nationhood. In examining this thematic, we explicate the manner in which American national sporting audiences during the period 1880–1920 were variously constituted through discourses of national and ethnic sporting difference or Otherness. Hence, we examine the popular representation of turn of the century rodeo practices (as narrated through the spectacle of the western showman William Frederick ‘Buffalo Bill’ Cody's Wild West show productions), the position of early-twentieth-century American baseball in relation to other sporting cultures (graphically depicted by Albert Goodwill, or A.G., Spalding's promotional publications, specifically the 1911 America's National Game) and the national and ethnic differences discerned within the global sporting landscape more generally (explicated within the 1919 National Geographic article ‘The Geography of Games’). These performances and representations of ethnic and national sporting Otherness played an important role in re-inscribing and legitimating the (White European American) normative core of American sport culture (as manifest within and through the dominant practices of playing and/or spectating of football, baseball and basketball). 相似文献
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Colleen English 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(11-12):1492-1494
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‘The Charm of Being Loose and Free’: Nineteenth-Century Fisherwomen in the North American Wilderness
David McMurray 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(8):826-852
During the nineteenth century, the popularity of angling among white, middle- and upper-class North American women grew as it came to be seen as an ideal and respectable means of access to the benefits of nature. Unlike hunting, angling enjoyed a wider and more respectable tradition of white female participation that extended back to the Renaissance. Though nineteenth-century middle- and upper-class white women were limited in their access to the natural world by scientific and cultural views of gender, many discovered that angling afforded unique opportunities to explore and engage nature through the overlapping roles of tourist, naturalist and conservationist. Moreover, angling allowed some elite white women to lay claim to nature as agents of colonisation, while for others, it assisted in the development of a public voice for conservation. Thus, angling served to extend the domestic sphere as it allowed middle- and upper-class white women a more independent use of mind and body within the context of nature. 相似文献
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Bruce D. Epperson 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(18):2633-2652
Between 1895 and 1904, over 1,800 separate businesses merged into approximately 150 ‘trusts’, most of them simple horizontal combinations. Less than a third succeeded. One of the more spectacular failures was the American Bicycle Company. Formed by combining 45 bicycle and cycle-parts makers, it lasted less than three years. Various theories have been advanced to explain this abysmal performance, but there appears to have been no single deterministic cause. The firm was inadequate in size and scope, poorly organised, and lacking a clear goal. Its participating owners had disparate, often contradictory, objectives. Its demise left the American industry with a decentralised structure fragmented into competing sub-industries for cycle parts, bicycle fabrication and assembly, and the distribution and marketing of completed cycles. This structure led to market dominance by component firms, minimal profits and high failure rates for cycle makers, and a low overall level of innovation. 相似文献
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Omar Schneider Amarílio Ferreira Neto André da Silva Mello Wagner dos Santos Sebastião Josué Votre 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(7):1053-1070
This study investigates the American presence and influences in the physical education press to understand the way in which that presence influenced and contributed to the production of a sports culture in the first half of the twentieth century. As historical sources, the study uses periodicals in the field that were published in the period 1932–1950. As a theoretical frame of reference, it uses the repertoire of the New Cultural History in terms of strategy, tactics and devices. It is written in a narrative way, following Ginzburg's style, presenting data and contextualizing them with the historic scene. Clues enabled us to infer that the American presence, which was catalysed by the Brazilian Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), sought to shape a sports culture from physical education and society. This effort reflected the yearning of Brazilian intellectuals for modernisation and an attempt at cultural colonisation by the government of the USA. 相似文献
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Kevin B. Witherspoon 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(13):1508-1522
During the Cold War, the State Department frequently employed prominent black athletes as cultural ambassadors in an attempt to defuse global criticism of racism in the USA. In the late 1960s, as many black American athletes identified increasingly with the “Black Power” movement, their personal motivations often clashed with State Department goals. In 1970, the black American tennis star Arthur Ashe, along with Stan Smith, conducted an extremely successful tour of six African nations. The following year, the State Department attempted to replicate that success by sending NBA stars Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Oscar Robertson to Africa. Those players, for a variety of reasons, were less cooperative and effective than Ashe. The shortcomings of the Jabbar/Robertson tour contributed to a decline in the State Department's practice of utilising star black athletes as cultural diplomats. 相似文献
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《Sport in History》2013,33(2):190-216
This article explores a little-known event in Irish and American sports history, namely a tour made by the Gaelic Athletic Association to North America in 1888. The article focuses on a newspaper diary kept of the tour by Joseph Whelan, and published in the Irish newspaper Sport. In analysing Whelan's comments, the article seeks to understand how such material can be used to create a microhistory of a specific event such as a sporting tour, and discusses how far the methodology of microhistory can be useful to sports historians. The commentary of Whelan also allows for an exploration of travel narrative. This is a key point with respect to the late-nineteenth-century Irish, as Whelan is a tourist who will return home, rather than an immigrant moving permanently to Ireland. The history of Irish America, and the question of the Irish as 'other', has been dominated by the archives of the immigrant. What the material from the tour allows is an Irish view of America as tourist as opposed to settler. This raises significant questions for the existing historiography of Irish America. In conclusion the article argues that travel narratives of sporting events – tours, tournaments and mega-events – can allow us to approach the history of sport from a fresh angle. 相似文献