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於鹏 《体育成人教育学刊》2012,28(5):72-73,88
对美国高校竞技体育的发展概况进行了回顾,分析了美国高校竞技体育的管理、组织和运作机制,探讨了美国高校竞技体育的文化内涵。研究结果表明：高校竞技体育是美国培养竞技体育后备人才的摇篮;高校竞技体育承担着传播体育文化的重任;高校竞技体育创造着巨大的社会效益和经济效益;高校竞技体育的管理先进、组织合理、运作规范,保障了高校竞技体育的健康发展,真正实现了体育与教育的融合发展。建议我国建立高校体育联盟,推动高校联赛的市场化,扩大高校竞技体育筹资渠道,完善高校竞技体育的师资聘用制度和学生运动员的招生制度。 相似文献
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我国竞技体育与高校竞技体育互动发展之关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在界定高校竞技体育定义的基础上,从竞技体育可持续发展科学体育观视角,论述我国竞技体育与高校竞技体育互动发展的内涵,即两者相互依存、相互补充、相互促进、相互制约、相互交叉、相互渗透、相互融合和相互提升的过程及关系,竞技体育为高校竞技体育的发展提供指导,高校竞技体育为竞技体育的发展提供服务。 相似文献
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竞技体育现已成为一个国家体育是否发达、国力是否强盛的标志之一,然而高校竞技体育是我国竞技体育重要的组成部分,高校竞技体育发展的核心是高校体育竞赛。高校体育竞赛是检验和提高高校竞技体育水平的重要环节。本文采用文献资料法、比较分析法等研究方法对省高校竞技体育竞赛在发展过程中受到的主客观条件影响及发展对策进行了分析。 相似文献
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目的:从高校竞技体育的现实状况出发,深入分析制约高校竞技体育发展的瓶颈,提出对策。研究认为:由于高校竞技体育发展的目标和定位不准确、竞技体育项目设置不均衡、运动员文化教育缺失、运行体制不完善以及教练员队伍结构不合理等问题,致使高校竞技体育不能更好的发挥功能和作用。随着高等教育改革的不断深入,高校人才培养观念的不断更新,高校竞技体育建设工作提出了新的更高要求。高校应该权衡利弊,深入矛盾根源,制定改革措施,以实现高校竞技体育的可持续发展。 相似文献
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高校竞技体育国际化是高校竞技体育发展的必然选择,高校竞技体育国际化的行为表现取决于价值取向。美国高校竞技体育国际化进程的主体性地位突出,以有选择性的诉求竞技体育成绩的最大化作为基本价值取向;以教育为目的,以文化为引领作为核心价值取向。美国高校的体育理念、体育属性与竞技体育实力构成高校竞技体育国际化价值取向的导向机制。 相似文献
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陶于 《沈阳体育学院学报》2004,23(4):534-536
从中、美高校竞技体育制度、竞技体育的组织体系,以及制度本质的差异进行比较分析与讨论,结果表明:我国高校竞技体育人才的职业流向与美国高校的竞技体育人才职业流向相反,是导致我国高校竞技体育水平不高的主要因素。 相似文献
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体育作为中学课外活动的教育内容之一,主要由美国各州政府自行管理,各州的中学也组成了高中体育管理联合会来制定和执行校际体育活动的有关规则。美国法院遵循司法谦抑原则,通常不会干预联合会的决定,除非决定所依据的规则或所依据的程序违反了成文法,或侵犯了联邦或州宪法规定的基本权利。大学校际体育由大学自发组成的各种联合会进行管理,其中最重要的是全国大学体育联合会（NCAA）,NCAA以维持大学体育的业余性、保证体育作为高等教育的有机组成部分为宗旨,有权制定和强制实施各项规则及处罚。NCAA不是政府组织,无法对其管理大学体育的行为适用美国联邦宪法,但可以适用美国联邦反垄断法。 相似文献
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美国大学体育联合会的指导原则 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
对美国大学体育联合会 (NationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation)进行了介绍。联合会开展体育活动的指导原则包括 :全面发展原则、男女平等原则、体育道德和伦理行为原则、学术水平等同性原则、遵守制度原则、业余性原则、运动员录取和资格认证原则。 相似文献
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Research indicates sport industry employees encounter organizational justice, or fairness perceptions, during resource distributions on the basis of what was distributed (distributive justice), how the distribution decision was reached (procedural justice), and how the distribution decision was communicated to the employee (interaction justice). This study's purpose was to explore coaches’ perceptions of fairness regarding current resource distribution systems in intercollegiate athletics in terms of types of sport (high profile sports vs. low profile sports) and participant gender (male participant sports vs. female participant sports). A total of 260 coaches from National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, II, and III institutions in the United States responded through online surveys assessing three dimensions of organizational justice: distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Subsequently, tests for discriminant validity prompted the consolidation of the procedural and interactional justice dimensions. MANOVA tests found: (a) no significant main effect nor interaction effect for distributive justice and (b) main effects of type of sport and participant gender, but no interaction effect for procedural justice. Practical and broader theoretical implications for these findings are discussed. 相似文献
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has recently been the target of many lawsuits challenging its definition and regulation of amateurism, which it holds as providing unique moral and social benefits for both its scholar-athletes and society at large. This conception of amateurism is inherited from nineteenth-century models of ancient Greek athletics via figures such as John Mahaffy and E.N. Gardiner. This influence is evident in legal cases involving the NCAA or athletics in general, and hence amateurism is cited by judges and others as a long-standing Western cultural tradition which encourages moral and social development. This is problematic, however, as not only is it historically questionable, but also the citation of cultural heritage in legal dicta has seen legal criticism or reversal. 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2016,19(2):198-210
National governing bodies, international sport federations, and national Olympic committees continue to struggle to attain minimal levels of female representation. Sport organizations in the United States are no exception. Despite the fact that more women work in intercollegiate athletics than ever before, the number of female assistant and associate athletic directors is declining. As such, fewer women are in the “pipeline” to achieve the position of Athletic Director. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that may influence women's career development in intercollegiate athletic administration. Twenty assistant and associate athletic directors were interviewed about their career paths, experiences, and goals. Results suggest strong interpersonal relationships with supervisors and mentors and access to professional development activities aided in participants’ career advancement. Factors attributed to perceptions of gender and professional value incongruence affected women's career choices and opportunities for advancement. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed. 相似文献
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关于美国高校招收学生运动员管理制度的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
全美高校竞枝体育联合会对招收和被招收人员在资格认可、代理权限、学历要求、接触范围以及接待规格方面都做了严格规定。从体育管理学的视角来视审，美国高校招收学生运动员的管理制度有许多有益的经验值得我国高校大学在招收和录取学生运动员时参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2015,18(3):464-480
This case study presents a common challenge among many sport organisations facing the decision to maintain, increase, or decrease commitment to failing projects or courses of action. Using escalation of commitment theory as a framework, this case highlights the organisational processes for reversing former commitment decisions, underscoring seldom pursued de-escalation behaviour. This case uses fictional East University to illustrate the circumstances confronting most National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletic departments in the United States. Amidst inadequate revenue to cover increasing expenses, university decision makers are often responsible for determining the most suitable commitment to intercollegiate athletics, with a specific focus on costly football programs. Given extensive stakeholder involvement and pressure, commitment decisions are further complicated by the complex economic, social, and political challenges of balancing often competing groups and their interests. In response to a university-wide initiative emphasising successful programs and critically scrutinising underperforming programs, East's athletic director Steve Barnes is charged with determining the most appropriate course of action in de-escalating athletics (notably football) commitment. Consequently, the situation presented provides students with an opportunity to critically evaluate the multifaceted nature of de-escalating commitment to an existing course of action. This case is useful for both undergraduate and graduate courses in strategic management, organisational behaviour, athletic administration, and policy and governance. 相似文献
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Daniel F. Mahony Mary A. Hums Damon P.S. Andrew Stephen W. Dittmore 《Sport Management Review》2010,13(2):91-105
Research on organizational justice in sport has evolved during the past fifteen years. Much of that research has focused on the perceived fairness of equity, equality, and need when making resource distributions (distributive justice) in intercollegiate athletics. Generally, those involved with intercollegiate athletics believe resource decisions based on equality and need are the most fair, but decisions appear to be based on different principles. Scholars have also begun examining the fairness of decision-making processes (procedural justice) and the communication of those decisions (interactional justice), and how organizational justice impacts organizational outcomes, such as job satisfaction. Additionally, research has expanded to include sport settings beyond intercollegiate athletics. This article summarizes the state of research by first reviewing the general organizational justice literature to conceptually describe the constructs of interest before providing a detailed examination of sport management specific research. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research on organizational justice in sport management. 相似文献
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Although sport management researchers have produced findings with regard to diversity in the leadership positions of college athletics, this examination has focused separately on gender (Inglis et al., 1996, Inglis et al., 2000; Inglis, Danylchuk, & Pastore, 2000; Knoppers et al., 1991, National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2009a, Sartore and Cunningham, 2007) or race (Cunningham and Sagas, 2004a, Cunningham and Sagas, 2004b, Cunningham et al., 2001, Cunningham et al., 2006). The current study, framed by intersectionality, identifies barriers contributing to the under-representation of Black women in head coaching jobs in Division I women's basketball in the United States. The assistant coaches cited access discrimination, lack of support, and prevalent stereotypes as barriers. In negotiating these barriers, the women discussed the importance of networking, mentoring and presenting “a proper image” for big-time athletics. To eradicate these barriers, the women recommended expanding job pools; more mentoring by athletic department personnel; and more development programs offered for young Black females. 相似文献