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This paper examines how network relations between firms influence firm survival by explicitly addressing the moderating role of changing technological regimes. Using longitudinal data on 1385 developers and 190 publishers of video games in the global video game industry between 1972 and 2007, the analyses show that the effect of network ties between developers and publishers on the survival probability of developers is moderated by the level of technological turbulence in the industry. The results show that the effect of network partner failure on firm survival is dependent on the strength of ties. The failure of strongly tied network partners harms developers in stable periods and benefits them in turbulent eras, while no such relation is found for weakly tied network partners. Network partner diversity positively affects firm performance in epochs of technological turbulence, while the effect plays no significant role for firm survival in stable settings. The results indicate that the relation between interfirm network relations and firm survival are moderated by sequences of technological renewal in the video game industry which causes the industry to go through an evolution that deviates from the typical S-shaped trajectory found in industries that are characterized by strong path-dependent processes. 相似文献
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科学合作网络伙伴动态性与企业创新绩效 《科学学研究》2022,40(5):906-914
通过2000-2015年间中国502家生物医学工程企业的9233篇合著论文数据构建科学合作网络,并在国家知识产权局网站获取其在2001-2016年间申请的共16754条发明专利数据,我们实证分析了科学合作网络关系资本对企业技术创新绩效的影响,并进一步探究企业合作伙伴动态性的中介作用。结果显示：科学合作网络中的关系广度和关系强度均显著正向影响技术创新绩效;科学合作网络关系广度有助于提升企业合作伙伴扩展性,关系强度则对企业合作伙伴稳定性有正向作用;合作伙伴稳定性和扩展性在科学合作网络关系广度和强度对企业技术创新绩效影响之间均起到完全中介作用。 相似文献
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文章对供应链网络的形成过程进行研究,分析了该网络形成过程中各企业挑选合作者的考虑方向。以一家大型的生产商企业为主体,利用超网络理论的相关知识,从供应商、生产商和零售商的角度分析各自的决策目标与建立多目标决策函数所需要考虑的因素,最终形成供应链形成过程的最优化模型。了解了供应链网络形成各企业需要考虑的目标以及占主导作用的大企业挑选合作者的标准。 相似文献
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This study explores the dynamics of a government sponsored collaboration network concerning the development of solar photovoltaics (PV) technologies in China, and investigates the effect of network evolution on the subsequent innovation performance of network actors. Network structure characteristics and attribute proximity variables are jointly examined through a bibliometric methodology based on scientific publication and patent data. In addressing the evolution of the government sponsored collaboration network, this study has identified that actors are more likely to engage in collaboration with prior partners, partners of direct & indirect partners, and partners with similar attributes. These collaboration patterns, in turn, negatively impact direct ties and network efficiency, and increase the attribute proximity of an actor’s network. On the other hand, the estimation results indicate that direct ties have an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation performance, while indirect ties are found to be positively related to innovation performance. As expected, a positive effect of network efficiency is found on innovation performance. The results of attribute proximity variables suggest geographical proximity is negatively related to innovation performance. Taken together, the collaboration patterns in the government sponsored network might have a negative impact on innovation performance of network actors. The empirical findings extend the network literature that collaboration network matters differently in different research contexts, and it is no longer appropriate to simply assume that collaboration is purely a good thing. As such, special attention should be paid to the network structure and composition in further policy design. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(4):489-516
It is important for manufacturing companies to provide a standard for product data exchange between diverse computer systems. Past attempts to develop neutral format standards for data exchange have had limited success, and have led to the development of STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product) as a data exchange standard. The STEP standard makes it easier to integrate systems that process various product life-cycle functions, such as design, engineering, manufacturing, logistics support, and will help to facilitate concurrent engineering. The goal of this paper is to facilitate the computer-readable exchange of the product bill of materials (BOM) information for product data management (PDM). In this paper, the STEP ISO 10303-21 is implemented to share the product data information in a manufacturing environment. A structural product bill of materials is first transformed into an Excel file format, then a PDM Schema Exporter is utilized to export a BOM Excel file to a STEP Part 21 file. A C# program decodes the STEP file into BOM information to update the PDM databases in SQL server for product data management. Also, SAS code is written to generate the indented bill of materials from the BOM information, to draw a tree diagram to present an accurate structural view of a product, and to export to PDM databases for product data structural view. 相似文献
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联盟组合网络特征对创新能力影响的实证研究 《科学学研究》2017,35(12):1910-1920
联盟组合是一个以焦点企业核心的自我中心网络组织,是企业提高创新能力和实现持续竞争优势的关键。现有的研究对联盟组合网络特征与创新能力之间的关联尚缺乏系统、深入的研究;而联盟组合企业间的相互嵌入具有“网络化”的特征,兼具结构与关系的特点。本研究在对相关文献回顾的基础上,构建了联盟组合网网络特征与创新能力之间的理论模型,并提出了相应理论假设。在此基础上,通过大样本问卷调查和实证分析对理论模型及假设进行检验。研究表明：网络地位及网络关系通过资源流动、控制治理来间接影响创新能力。资源流动对创新能力具有显著正向影响;而在不同网络类型的联盟组合中,控制治理对创新能力的显著影响会随着网络密度增加而下降。 相似文献
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本研究对1999-2019二十年间江苏省生物医药领域专利进行检索,收集了专利公开年份、专利人、专利地址等信息,并进行了统计描述分析,同时通过专利合作人信息构建了专利合作网络,分析了专利合作网络的演化特征。分析结果显示：江苏省生物医药专利合作网络表现出明显的演化特征,网络规模不断增加,同时网络中节点的合作关系也趋于紧密,网络呈现出多中心特征。 相似文献
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大学衍生企业从母体大学、政府、产业合作伙伴、学者发明人等利益相关者所构成的创业支持网络中获取外部资源。基于全国"211工程"大学衍生企业的调研数据,系统探讨了大学衍生企业创业支持网络的构成要素及其有效性,即网络中不同节点的支持要素如何作用于企业的创业导向和绩效表现。结果表明,我国大学衍生企业的创业支持网络并没有形成有效的衔接机制,大学衍生企业的创业导向形成与绩效表现主要依赖于母体大学和政府主导的区域环境,而产业合作伙伴、学者发明人却没有显著的支持效应。同时,企业的治理结构调节了网络中各支持要素的有效性。 相似文献
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跨国专利合作对于我国企业的技术创新具有重要意义。整合不同接近性因素来观察空间分散个体间的知识流动现象成为理论研究的新热点。既有研究分别探讨了地理接近性和社会接近性对远距离技术知识合作的影响,然而对二者的相互作用关系尚缺乏深入认识。基于112家中外企业的跨国专利合作数据,采用整体网络分析方法,研究发现地理接近性与跨国专利合作网络节点连接距离正相关,对连接重要程度无显著影响,说明地理空间并没有显著阻碍企业间的跨国专利合作。社会接近性对二者均有显著正向影响且对地理接近性与连接距离的相互关系具有中介作用,表明基于科技人员往来形成的密切社会关系有助于促进远距离技术知识合作。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2002,38(4):453-471
Web queries in question format are becoming a common element of a user's interaction with Web search engines. Web search services such as Ask Jeeves – a publicly accessible question and answer (Q&A) search engine – request users to enter question format queries. This paper provides results from a study examining queries in question format submitted to two different Web search engines – Ask Jeeves that explicitly encourages queries in question format and the Excite search service that does not explicitly encourage queries in question format. We identify the characteristics of queries in question format in two different data sets: (1) 30,000 Ask Jeeves queries and 15,575 Excite queries, including the nature, length, and structure of queries in question format. Findings include: (1) 50% of Ask Jeeves queries and less than 1% of Excite were in question format, (2) most users entered only one query in question format with little query reformulation, (3) limited range of formats for queries in question format – mainly “where”, “what”, or “how” questions, (4) most common question query format was “Where can I find………” for general information on a topic, and (5) non-question queries may be in request format. Overall, four types of user Web queries were identified: keyword, Boolean, question, and request. These findings provide an initial mapping of the structure and content of queries in question and request format. Implications for Web search services are discussed. 相似文献
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随着信息技术的不断发展,应用商业智能技术进行数据挖掘与分析对商家来说也越来越重要,分类回归树和神经网络算法是数据挖掘的经典算法,其广泛运用在数据分析、预测和评估等方面。文章分别运用分类回归树和神经网络算法对零售商品采取促销方案后收入变化的数据进行分析,并建立相应的模型对促销方案效果进行预测。 相似文献
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组织合作网络结构对企业绩效的影响有两类相反的作用机制：网络闭合和网络开放。论文认为,哪种机制起作用取决于企业所面临的创新任务以及知识来源在网络中的位置。基于汤森路透、USPTO和Compustat三个数据库,论文构建1990-2001年生物技术和医药产业追踪数据,采用社会网络分析方法、固定效应和随机效应模型对此问题进行实证研究。结果发现,战略联盟网络密度增加和结构洞指标增加会负向影响企业技术创新数量,正向影响企业技术创新质量;网络结构调节着直接联盟关系和间接联盟关系对企业技术创新的影响。 相似文献
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Strategic alliances are important channels for interfirm learning, especially for small firms that are resource constrained. Of the several alliance attributes, technological distance between partners (measured as the distance between partners’ innovative outcomes) is shown to have a significant influence on the learning benefits from strategic alliances. Drawing upon the theory of recombination, our study argues that the influence of technological distance on learning is best understood by not only measuring the distance between innovative outcomes, but by also taking into consideration the knowledge elements underlying the innovative outcomes. We develop a concept of knowledge base homogeneity that captures the extent to which the innovative outcomes of partnering firms draw upon similar sets of knowledge elements. Using patent and alliance data from 201 small biotechnology firms during the period 1996–2010, we confirm that the technological distance has an inverted u-shaped relationship on interfirm learning. We further demonstrate that this u-shaped relationship is moderated by the knowledge base homogeneity between partners, such that benefits of technological distance are enhanced and the costs of technological distance are mitigated when the knowledge base homogeneity between alliance partners is high. The results have important implications for interfirm learning, especially in the context of small firms that are limited in their knowledge stocks. 相似文献
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The current paper is concerned with exploring the role of absorptive capacity in extending the reach of innovation-related collaboration in high technology small firms. Drawing on survey data from a sample of 316 Dutch high-tech small firms, engaged in 1245 collaborations, we explore the relationship between R&D expenditure and distance to collaboration partners. In general terms, we find most partners to be ‘local’. However, controlling for a variety of potential influences, higher R&D expenditure is positively related to collaboration with more distant organizations. The implications of our results for policy, practice and future research are discussed. 相似文献
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Jason Owen-Smith 《Research Policy》2003,32(9):1695-1711
We extend debates about the sources of university capabilities at research commercialization. Drawing upon quantitative data for a panel of 89 research-intensive US universities and interview data from two academic licensing offices, we model the relationship between technology transfer experience, embeddedness in biotechnology industry networks, basic science quality and capacity, and citation impact measures of university life science patents. Technology licensing officers draw upon the expertise of corporate partners to evaluate the potential impact of invention disclosures. The information gleaned through network ties to industry enables well-connected institutions to develop higher impact patent portfolios. Reaping the benefits of such connections, however, requires experience in balancing academic and corporate priorities to avoid the danger of ‘capture’ by industrial interests as overly tight connections limit patent impact. This pattern of diminishing returns to connectivity is robust across multiple citation measures of patent quality. 相似文献
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分析了知识在企业中的嵌入性。通过构建企业间社会网络和制度网络双网络模型,分析了嵌入于不同企业元素中知识的转移途径。 相似文献
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平台网络中“如何开展对平台伙伴知识资产治理”的问题从未在理论上给予合理解释。本文通过多案例分析，从合法性理论探讨平台网络知识资产治理机制及作用机理。研究发现：平台领导者通过构建公众集体意义、建立协调冲突矛盾和建立基于新型平台身份三种治理机制，赋予平台伙伴合法性，从而激励平台伙伴或潜在伙伴创新意愿，实现知识资产治理。本文打开了平台网络中对平台伙伴知识资产治理的“黑箱”，揭示了知识资产治理机制中不同的合法化策略，明晰了平台网络知识资产治理机制包含的合法化策略中的执行主体，合法性判断受众、合法性获得者之间的关系。实践意义在于指导平台网络知识资产治理，为高速发展的平台网络提供可持续发展的能力。 相似文献
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［目的/意义］合作网络研究是近年来学者关注的一个热点问题,然而传统的网络分析方法只适合刻画两两合作者之间的合作关系,深入分析现实世界中的多人合作关系及其网络发展、演化机制,具有重要的现实意义。［方法/过程］引入超网络理论,构建节点具有钝化和激活状态的演化模型,探讨随机和择优两种驱动机制对合作网络演化过程的影响。仿真发现,择优机制驱动下点超度分布呈幂律分布;随机机制驱动下点超度分布呈指数分布。［结果/结论］选取现实合作网络的数据进行实证分析,实证结果与仿真结果相吻合。说明理论模型对于刻画现实合作网络具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献