首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The position advocated within this article is that the construct of "school readiness" has a social component, and that attempts to evaluate children's interpersonal readiness for kindergarten should be judged in relation to their likely success at mastering specific social school entry tasks. Social school entry tasks, which most likely stem from diverse sociocultural sources, are conceptualized here as interpersonal challenges that children confront as they enter formal schooling—challenges that are inherent within kindergarten classrooms and predictive of children's future school adjustment. A related contention is that attempts to enhance children's readiness for kindergarten should be guided by research on the prerequisites of social task mastery—that is, evidence gathered during the preschool years that forecasts children's later success at social school entry tasks. Evidence bearing on these premises is reviewed as a means of considering the validity and heuristic utility of these propositions for future research on school readiness.  相似文献   

2.
Accurate perception and comprehension of verbal and non‐verbal communication is important in one's interpersonal environment; such understanding may affect not only the child's academic achievement but how he/she relates to and is perceived by others. In the present study learning disabled (LD) and non‐learning disabled (NLD) middle school students were evaluated on their ability to perceive and accurately comprehend non‐verbal communication; they also responded to an interpersonal relations scale and a self‐esteem inventory. LD children differed from regular class students both in reported self‐esteem and in the ability to perceive and comprehend “wordless” communication, but similarities were noted between the two groups in reported need for interpersonal relations.  相似文献   

3.
Young people's attitudes towards science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are subject to interpersonal influence of significant persons—defined as those who influence a person's attitudes. This article presents the development of an instrument designed to measure different modes of significant persons’ influence on attitudes towards STEM. The questionnaire used in the pilot study was compiled based on Woelfel and Haller's theoretical perspectives on interpersonal influence, Nauta and Kokaly's instrument Influence of Others on Academic and Career Decisions Scale, and focus group interviews with Norwegian adolescents in an STEM mentoring programme. Drawing on Rasch analyses of data material from the 114 participants in the pilot study, the final instrument—Significant Person Influence on Attitudes towards STEM (SPIAS)—is presented. Based on results from the piloting and development of SPIAS, a conceptual discussion of significant persons and the ways they influence attitudes towards STEM is given, and it is suggested that SPIAS may be used in the process of evaluating and improving interventions aimed at changing adolescents’ attitudes towards STEM.  相似文献   

4.
In this paper we consider some of the problems inherent in the attempt to define and circumscribe an exclusively ‘educational love’, as presented by Joris Vlieghe and Piotr Zamojski in a recent paper for this journal. In seeking to move beyond the confusing interpersonal relations involved in student‐centred discourses on teaching, the authors aim to articulate an ‘educational love’ that is more oriented towards subject matter than the student subject. In the process, the concept of love itself becomes increasingly abstract and open to interpretation. Further, the attempt to reconcile these elements in an uncomplicated ‘love for the object’, following the example of Alain Badiou's St Paul, constitutes an injustice to the other subjects—the students—involved in the teaching situation. We consider the ways in which such abstractions might sit with student teachers, to demonstrate how and why the intersubjective dimension—with some of the possible emotive messiness that is implied therein—must not fade from view, if we are to avoid conceiving of education as something that can be purified of individual interest, motivation and desire.  相似文献   

5.
This paper presents findings of a study in information communication technology (ICT) implementation, on the principal's leadership style in relation to other factors that influence implementation. The principal's leadership style is perceived—on the basis of the characteristics of the context where the study was conducted—as a personal quality, rather than a change/transformational leadership behaviour or related to the principals' positional authority. The study employed firstly a large‐scale survey based on which case studies of four schools were selected for further research. The findings have implications for practice, more specifically, for principals' training and for the support provided to schools for embedding ICT. The paper draws on an institutionalist implementation approach to describe the principals' role in theorising the concept of ICT in education.  相似文献   

6.
A training device to facilitate counselor conceptualization of client psychological functioning is presented. Conceptualization is defined as the counselor's synthesis of the cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and interpersonal aspects of the client's intrapsyche dynamics. A specific case conceptualization format is presented, along with an explanation of each of its components. In addition, a step-by-step program for implementation of the training device within the practicum of a counselor education training program is presented.  相似文献   

7.
新课程背景下语文知识观的嬗变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
知识是我们探讨语文教育与人的关系时必须直面并要我们作出假设与选择的一个核心的命题,也是此次语文新课程改革能否成功的一个关键命题。而知识对语文教育最集中的影响则体现在语文知识观上,即人们对语文知识的态度与看法。此次语文新课程改革要求我们重建语文知识观,包括对语文知识的性质、来源、生成方式及知识对人的意义关系等基本问题进行重新思考和建构。  相似文献   

8.
The interpersonal influence model of counseling has implications for counselor training. The behaviors and other cues used to establish counselor expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness—qualities associated with persuasiveness—are described.  相似文献   

9.
A group of 83 undergraduates enrolled in interpersonal skills training groups were administered the Kagan Affective Sensitivity Scale—Form E-80 (KASS-E80). At the end of the semester they selected peers whom they believed would best be able to help another person deal with an emotional or interpersonal problem. First, the KASS-E80 scores for those frequently chosen and those unchosen were compared with a group chosen with moderate frequency within the sample (middle comparison group). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) planned comparisons showed significantly lower scores for the unchosen group but not significantly higher scores for the frequently chosen group when both were compared to the middle comparison group. Second, when the two extreme groups were each compared to the population of KASS-E80 examinees, one-sample z tests showed that the frequently chosen group significantly outscored the population of KASS-E80 examinees, whereas the unchosen group's scores were significantly lower. Implications for prediction and selection of counselor trainees were discussed.  相似文献   

10.
Economic hardship can affect children's development through child–caregiver interactions, which may mediate cascading effects of other family stress processes. This study examined, simultaneously, the relations of financial strain, caregiver general stress, and child–caregiver conflict—each measured at two time points—with child self-regulatory outcomes in a high-poverty sample (age 5–7 years; n = 343). Increase in child–caregiver conflict mediated negative relations between other processes and development of executive function. In contrast, only increase in financial strain had direct, negative association with development of delay of gratification and did not significantly mediate relations between any other process and children's outcomes. Results have implications for understanding effects of family stress on self-regulatory outcomes and for interventions with low-income families.  相似文献   

11.
ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to explore the factors of professional readiness in the healthcare field of athletic training. We used a qualitative research design based in grounded theory. Participants included newly certified athletic trainers and athletic training supervisors from collegiate, secondary school, and emerging work settings. After completing the demographic questionnaire, 14 newly certified athletic trainers and 9 supervisors were selected to complete one-on-one interviews using GoToMeeting audiovisual web conferencing software. Data was analyzed using a constant comparative analysis as well as open and axial coding. We established trustworthiness using bracketing interviews, reflexivity, triangulation, member checks, and peer reviews. Analysis revealed four overarching themes including organization and administration, interpersonal relations, athletic training attributes, and confidence. Readiness for autonomous practice is multifaceted and exceeds clinical skills. Athletic trainers must possess certain personality characteristics and confidence, as well as interpersonal, organizational, and clinical skills that can be incorporated into daily practice.  相似文献   

12.
A new faculty member's experiences teaching consultation for the first time are described. Several dilemmas and challenges involved in the initial planning of a consultation course are discussed, including: how to fit the consultation course into the broader school psychology training program; how to balance didactic and applied training; and how to teach the interpersonal skills necessary for students to form productive, collaborative relationships with diverse adults. It is argued that Black feminist epistemology (Collins, 2000) provides a potentially useful framework for helping students develop effective collaborative skills.  相似文献   

13.
Community colleges require speech communication teachers with special competencies—competencies dictated by the educational goals, the student characteristics, and the community orientation of junior colleges. These teacher competencies should be taught through special master's degree programs and in‐service training provided by teacher education institutions and professional speech communication associations. Based on her experience as a teacher at community colleges in Texas and Illinois and as a director of teacher training in speech, the author suggests that community colleges are basically different than four‐year institutions, and need teachers with different skills.  相似文献   

14.
《教育心理学家》2013,48(4):207-216
The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the gap between the learning potentials afforded by computers and the actual learning from them. A computer's unique potentials emanate from the kinds and varieties of four basic attributes that it offers: information, symbol systems, user activities, and relations with user. These attributes may affect four corresponding cognitions-knowledge structures, internal modes of representation, mental operations, and attitudes and perceptions respectively-by either activating, supplanting, or short-circuiting them. Such effects could be obtained through "low road" learning, which is practice-intensive, leading to near automatic responses, or through "high road" learning, which is thinking-intensive (i.e., nonautomatic operations are mindfully employed). The high road is seen as the more feasible and promising road to conceptual learning of the kind computers can facilitate. However, the extent to which high road learning actually occurs greatly depends on learners' volitional mindfulness, itself partly determined by the nature of the materials encountered and partly by personological, perceptual, and attitudinal factors. It is argued that the opportunity for mapping computers' attributes on their corresponding cognitions, although often available, does not always take place because learners do not always become mindful on their own. A computer's promise does not lie in its attributes alone, unique and powerful as they may be, but in how mindfully learners come to handle them. One important computer attribute—the partnerlike relationships with learners that it permits—and a number of instructional practices are discussed as possible means to promote and sustain learners' mindfulness.  相似文献   

15.
A recent set of studies demonstrated that people evaluate their own and their partner's social skills differently as a function of attachment style. The present study extends this work by examining attachment-style differences in four conversational skills—expressiveness, composure, other-orientation, and interaction management—as rated by observers. To test for attachment-style differences, romantic couples were videotaped as they discussed relational problems or conflict issues. Based on a pretest, one of the romantic partners was targeted as representative of the secure, dismissive, fearful avoidant, or preoccupied attachment style. Two dimensions related to attachment—anxiety and avoidance—were also investigated in regard to their relations with conversational skills. Results suggest that the behavioral profiles largely reflect attachment theoretical assumptions for secures, dismissives, and fearful avoidants, and to a lesser extent, preoccupieds.  相似文献   

16.
This paper considers how two related texts—one in print and one in hypertext—are locations for adolescents to undertake the work of ‘literary anthropology’ in considering questions of gender and subjectivity. The first text is Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, which invites readers to grapple with questions of how adolescents negotiate relations with their parents and others, of how masculinity and femininity are produced and construed, and of how cultural mores inform both processes. The second is Shelley Jackson's Patchwork Girl, a hypertext novel that parodies the former. Both texts offer a multilayered reading experience for adolescents juxtaposing print and digital technologies, themes of boundary and displacement, and issues of identity and sexuality.  相似文献   

17.
Neoliberal ideologies and policies have transformed how we think about the economy, education, and the environment. Economics is presented as objective and quantifiable, best left to distant experts who develop algorithms regarding different monetary relations in our stead. This same kind of thinking—technical, numerical, decontextualized, and ostensibly objective—infiltrates how we think about education and the environment. For example, neoliberal education reform focuses on using test scores and markets as a way to measure and improve learning and teaching. Similarly, environmental issues are presented as problems to be solved through new technologies and market efficiency. In response, we critique neoliberalism using the philosophy of the agrarian poet and writer Wendell Berry who abhors how neoliberalism disconnects humans from one another and the traditions that sustain them in their communities. Rather than neoliberalism's rootless entrepreneurial individual—homo economicus—we suggest that freedom, instead, resides in one's ability to flourish in one's place in the world. Such flourishing cannot occur without reinvigorating the traditions, including Aristotle's oikonomics, that have allowed people to live sustainably in their social and ecological communities.  相似文献   

18.
This article reports on the crucial role of education in the Social Health Outreach Program (SHOP), a social network intervention designed to treat clinically depressed older women. The role of education in current psychological and medical therapies for depression is discussed, as is the educator's view that education is interventionist by nature and indispensable in transformative programs that aim to strengthen personal, economic, and social resources. The evolution of the role of education in SHOP'S social therapy is outlined, and its modalities—information‐sharing, skills training, and intellectual stimulation—are described. We show how, as a result of participant demand, the educational content of SHOP has gradually expanded during the program's four‐year history. We point out that, in SHOP, education functions as a tool for perspective transformation, during which participants are sensitized to “blame‐the‐victim” biases inherent in psychological and medical approaches to treating depression. Participants learn they are not the problem; rather, they suffer from a role‐determined, social identity deficit. SHOP'S current format is described, and the program is recommended to adult educators for use in a variety of settings. We conclude that, though not therapeutic in and of itself, education acts as an “enabling tool,” playing a crucial role in implementing SHOP'S social‐change therapy.  相似文献   

19.
In Israel's Multigenerational Connection Program (MCP), children instruct adults in computer and Internet use. Taking children's advantage in digital literacy as a given, the study examines their generational status in computerized encounters that MCP creates in two schools, one Jewish and one Arab. The data were gathered by means of qualitative participant observation. The results suggest that the family–community‐based habitus is reflected in the interpretation of the program by the computer teacher at each school, who, by ‘importing’ it to MCP, encouraged relations of respect or honour between children and adults. The significance of these relations, rooted in ethno‐national relations between the groups, transcends the global discourse about the uniformity of the generational digital divide. While the Arab group's ambivalence toward MCP weakened the children's status, the Jewish children attained empowerment as young teachers. The conclusions focus on the implications for intergenerational relations and children's self‐image of the preservation of the Arab honour‐contingent habitus in a Western educational context—a self‐chosen strategy that may widen the digital divide between Arab and Jewish children.  相似文献   

20.
This survey investigated the expectations of Greek parents with regard to the potential impact of children's computer use on the fields of education, interpersonal relationships, and professional and social life. A questionnaire was used, which was answered by 1,028 parents of children aged 10-11 and 14-15, from schools in Thessaloniki, Greece. The factors that were studied were: the socio-cultural environment of the parents, the sex and age of the children, and whether or not the parents had any knowledge of computers, kept informed about computers, used computers at work, or had a home computer. The results show that parents have positive expectations of their children's use of computers in the professional and social domain and to an extent in education, while many parents express technophobic feelings with regard to their children's interpersonal relationships. Negative expectations are limited to the educational and professional/social sphere, and are particularly strong with regard to the domain of interpersonal relationships. Lastly, uncertain expectations are considerable, and concern both education and interpersonal relationships. Les enfants et les ordinateurs: Les attentes des parents grecs. Cette enquête a etudié les attentes des parents grecs concernant l'impact de l'ordinateur sur les enfants dans le domaine de l'éducation, des relations interpersonelles et de la vie professionnelle et sociale. On a utilisé un questionnaire qui a été répondu par 1028 parents des enfants Âgés de 10-11 et de 14-15 ans, de differents établissements scolaires de Thessaloniki, Grèce. Les facteurs étudiés étaient les suivants: le status socio-culturel des parents, le sex et l' Âge des enfants, la connaissance et l' information des parents sur l' ordinateur, l'usage de l' ordinateur par les parents au travail et la possession d'un ordinateur À la maison. Les résultats ont montré que les parents ont des attentes positives À l'usage de l'ordinateur par les enfants en ce qui concerne le domaine professionnel et social et dans une certaine mesure, le domaine éducatif. Toutefois ils expriment des sentiments technophobiques dans le domaine des relations interpersonelles. Les attentes négatives sont limitées dans les domaines éducatif et professionnel/social mais elles sont particulièrement fortes dans le domaine des relations interpersonelles. En fin les attentes incertaines sont significatives tant dans le domaine éducatif que dans le domaine des relations interpersonelles. Kinder und Computer: Erwartungen griechischer Eltern. Diese Umfrage untersucht die Erwartungen griechischer Eltern über die Auswirkungen auf ihre Kinder durch den Einsatz von Computern im Lernbereich, Zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen und im Berufs- und Gesellschaftsleben. 1028 Eltern mit Kindern zwischen 10-11 und 14-15 Jahren an den Schulen in Tessaloniki, Griechenland, füllten einen Fragebogen aus. Folgende Faktoren wurden beachtet: das sozio-kulturelle Umfeld der Eltern, Geschlecht und Alter der Kinder , haben die Eltern Computerkenntnisse oder interessieren sie sich für Computer, benutzen sie sie am Arbeitsplatz oder daheim. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Eltern positive Erwartungen an ihre Kinder haben im Umgang mit Computern im beruflichen wie auch im gesellschaftlichen Bereich und zum grossen Teil auch im Unterrichtsbereich. Im Gegensatz dazu haben viele Eltern technophobische Gefühle in bezug auf den interpersonellen Umgang ihrer Kinder. Negative Erwartungen beschränken sich auf den schulischen und professionellen/sozialen Bereich und insbesondere auf die interpersonellen Beziehungen. Der Anteil ungewisser Erwartungen ist hoch und betrifft Schule und interpersonelle Beziehungen.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号