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科研管理工作是高校工作的一个重要内容,现在高校越来越重视科研,导致科研项目繁多,增加了科研管理部门的工作量。针对这一现象,设计了高校科研管理系统,介绍了基于Web Services的B／S结构的关键技术,重点阐述了系统架构设计、功能设计以及实现方法。通过运用先进技术和工具对高校科研管理工作进行分析和抽象,将其信息化和规范化,降低开发成本,提高系统开发效率,对基于Web Services的系统开发提供了一种借鉴模式。 相似文献
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In many countries the scientific funding system is shifting from an internal block funding model toward a competitive project funding model. However, there is growing concern that the competitive project funding system favors relatively safe, conventional projects at the expense of risky, novel research. It is important to assess different funding models in order to design better funding systems for science. This paper empirically tests for differences in the novelty of funded outputs between internal block funding and competitive project funding, in the setting of Japan, where both funding models play a significant role. Combining survey data from a large sample of research projects in Japan and bibliometric information about the publications produced from these projects, we find that projects funded by competitive funds on average have higher novelty compared to those funded by internal block funds. However, such positive effects only hold for researchers with high status, such as senior and male researchers. In contrast, compared to internal block funding, competitive project funding has a negative relation to novelty for low status scientists (especially junior and female researchers). The findings suggest that the competitive project selection procedure is less receptive to novel ideas from researchers with low academic status and therefore discourages their novel research. These findings can serve as a warning about potential biases in competitive funding allocation procedures and suggest the importance of secure stable funding for allowing researchers with low status to pursue their novel ideas. 相似文献
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老年在线社区用户健康信息需求挖掘研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[目的/意义]研究老年在线社区用户的健康信息需求,为利用互联网开展精准的医学教育和科普服务提供依据,优化在线社区服务,吸引和鼓励更多老年人使用网络分享和获取健康信息。[方法/过程]本文采取网络文本挖掘的方法,选取老年论坛"老年人之家"中5 296条用户发布的健康相关文本作为语料库,利用TextRank和TF-IDF两种关键词抽取算法对每条文本抽取关键词,构造关键词共现网络,进行社会网络分析,识别重要关键词和主题,研究老年在线社区用户的健康信息需求。[结果/结论]老年在线社区用户信息需求主要可划分为中医养生原理与方法、生活方式调整与改变、疾病防治与应对老化、食品营养价值与功效4个类型,且不同需求类型间存在复杂的交错关系;用户表露的健康信息需求停留在生理健康层面,而心理健康和社会适应力是潜在的信息需求。通过网络文本挖掘的方法能有效利用用户生成的文本数据,展现用户健康信息需求并发现其中的问题。 相似文献
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随着个性化时代的到来,信息服务机构必须提供个性化服务,才有可能在激烈的竞争中取得胜利。web数据挖掘技术是实现个性化信息服务的关键技术。在构建基于web数据挖掘的个性化信息服务的实现模型后,还对建立在web数据挖掘基础上的个性化信息服务系统运行的基本流程、web挖掘的数据资源、web挖掘的技术方法、信息系统的服务内容、系统运行的注意事项等进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Scientists continually work with information to move their research projects forward, but the activities involved in finding and using information and their impact on discovery are poorly understood. In the Information and Discovery in Neuroscience (IDN) project we investigated the information work involved as researchers make progress and confront problems in the practice of brain research. Through case studies of recent neuroscience projects, we found that the most difficult and time-consuming information activities had parallels with Simon’s explication of weak methods in scientific problem solving. But, while Simon’s weak/strong distinction is an effective device for interpreting information work, his general conception of how discovery takes place is artificially constrained. We present cross-case and case-based results from the IDN project to illustrate how the conditions of problem solving Simon associated with weak methods relate to information work and to identify additional weak aspects of the research process not considered by Simon. Our analysis both extends Simon’s framework of what constitutes the discovery process and further elaborates how weak approaches influence the conduct of research. 相似文献
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以知识计量工具CiteSpaceⅡ分析来自于web of science的2000-2012年间收录的图书馆服务主题的文献题录数据,构建自2000年以来国际图书馆信息服务领域研究的知识图谱,通过关键词频及其变化趋势,揭示出该领域的研究热点及其发展演进。 相似文献
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针对人们提出的网络信息个性化服务内容及相关技术问题,本文重点介绍了当前具有代表性的个性化信息服务优先领域的研究。并认为用户的兴趣和行为表达、聚类与分类、个性化信息服务安全与系统评价等,为目前web个性化信息系统所采用的关键技术中,应重点关注的领域。 相似文献
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本文通过对广东省科研群体的实证研究,重点调查其科研信息的获取渠道,对广东省各级科研项目的公正性与透明度感知,对各级科研部门的科研服务态度、效率与水平的评价,对科研服务品牌创建的认同。从而进一步分析广东省整体科研环境和科研管理存在的问题。在此基础上,提出科研服务品牌的创建是促进科研管理创新,优化科研环境的一个重要的路径和方向。同时,提出必须构建即时、互动的科研服务平台,创建公正、透明和高效的广东科研服务品牌。 相似文献
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针对学界关于青年科学家项目如何科学合理设置和有效管理的研究不足现状，鉴于我国首批启动的试点专项“十三五”国家重点研发计划“大气污染成因与控制技术研究”重点专项（以下简称“大气专项”）部署的一批青年项目的执行期已全部结束，并已完成了项目综合绩效评价，故以大气专项青年项目为研究对象，结合问卷调查，对青年项目的设置、管理和服务需求、组织管理经验及成效进行系统分析，并对其今后的进一步优化发展作出反思。结果显示：大气专项青年项目不拘一格选贤举能，突出原创性，加大经费支持强度、搭建平台优化服务，产出了一批科研成果，制定差异化分类管理举措，人才培养成效显著。在此基础上，提出依据专项特点设计指南和青年项目、鼓励青年学者独立承担项目、创新科技管理服务、制定差异化的项目管理措施等建议，以期为未来科技计划中青年项目的部署设计与管理提供参考。 相似文献
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从信息需求、信息行为、服务期望三方面明确了旅游用户的需求,采用实证研究方法对旅游平台在线交流服务的现状进行了分析,揭示了在用户个性化需求环境下旅游平台在线交流服务存在的不足,提出了利用Web挖掘技术、同步虚拟社区技术、短信推送技术等来完善在线交流服务的对策与建议,并从增强用户旅游体验的角度提出了创新性的研究观点。 相似文献
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Nowadays we use information retrieval systems and services as part of our many day-to-day activities ranging from a web and database search to searching for various digital libraries, audio and video collections/services, and so on. However, IR systems and services make extensive use of ICT (information and communication technologies) and increasing use of ICT can significantly increase greenhouse gas (GHG, a term used to denote emission of harmful gases in the atmosphere) emissions. Sustainable development, and more importantly environmental sustainability, has become a major area of concern of various national and international bodies and as a result various initiatives and measures are being proposed for reducing the environmental impact of industries, businesses, governments and institutions. Research also shows that appropriate use of ICT can reduce the overall GHG emissions of a business, product or service. Green IT and cloud computing can play a key role in reducing the environmental impact of ICT. This paper proposes the concept of Green IR systems and services that can play a key role in reducing the overall environmental impact of various ICT-based services in education and research, business, government, etc., that are increasingly being reliant on access and use of digital information. However, to date there has not been any systematic research towards building Green IR systems and services. This paper points out the major challenges in building Green IR systems and services, and two different methods are proposed for estimating the energy consumption, and the corresponding GHG emissions, of an IR system or service. This paper also proposes the four key enablers of a Green IR viz. Standardize, Share, Reuse and Green behavior. Further research required to achieve these for building Green IR systems and services are also mentioned. 相似文献
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为了对团购导航网站进行较为客观的用户满意度评价,本文在文献回顾、专家咨询、问卷调查的基础上,运用因子分析法归纳出影响团购导航网站用户满意度的五大公因子：网站界面、网站性能、网站信息质量、网站服务、网站形象,并由此建立了相应的评价指标体系。然后以此为基础,提出了运用灰色关联分析法对团购导航网站用户满意度进行测评,并建议结合第三方监测机构的监测数据对导航网站的实际运营情况进行分析,最后利用本文提出的指标体系和研究方法,对3个团购导航网站进行了实证分析。有利于网站运营者从用户角度出发,发现网站存在的缺陷,并为网站改进指明了方向。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(4):465-473
With the advancement of mobile technologies, numerous web service providers have begun to extend their web services to the mobile context. To understand users’ mobile service adoption behaviour in the context of the web–mobile service transition, this study investigates the role of consistency between web and mobile services by proposing a typology of consistency and examining the extent to which and the boundary conditions under which consistency works. Specifically, consistency is classified into behavioural consistency (e.g., operational consistency) and object-based consistency, which includes consistency in information, system and service in terms of the information systems success model. We also contend the mediating effect of operational consistency and the interaction effect of trust in web services and operational consistency. A field survey with 235 mobile service users confirms our mediating and moderating hypotheses. The implications for theory and practice are also discussed. 相似文献
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计算机数字视频媒体能够为高中历史教学提供直观的情境和体验,但视频资源的零散且缺乏体系,给教师的备课带来较大困难。本文基于这一问题进行实践研究,力求在数字化视频资源的分类、整理、系统化上做出有益的探究,以网页形式制作出供高中历史教学使用的视频资源库。 相似文献
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信息传播有利于风险投资克服信息不对称性和项目不确定性等关键问题,对风险投资网络社群具有重要意义。利用2000至2015年CVsource数据库中风险投资数据,本文研究风险投资网络社群信息传播对投资绩效的影响及其机理。研究发现,风险投资网络社群信息传播对投资绩效有显著影响,具体表现为项目信息传播对投资绩效呈先增后减的倒U型影响,经验信息传播对投资绩效呈显著正向影响。知识获取分别在项目信息传播和经验信息传播与投资绩效的关系中具有部分中介作用。另外,吸收能力显著负向调节知识获取对投资绩效的正向影响。上述结果意味着,信息传播不仅可以直接作用于投资绩效,而且可以通过知识获取及吸收能力对投资绩效产生间接作用。利用一个社会网络的分析框架,本文论证了信息传播对风险投资绩效的影响机理,并且为风险投资网络社群行为优化以及投资绩效提升提供了经验证据。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】研究新媒体环境下企业微博信息行为特征,通过对比分析五家同类型企业微博信息行为过程,提出建议,从而提高企业与用户信息交互的效果,提高企业核心竞争力。【方法/过程】本文通过网络爬虫采集五家汽车企业近三年来的全部微博数据及粉丝数据,采用知识图谱分析方法,将企业微博在线活动特征可视化,分析企业在线活动的时间特征,在线内容挖掘及热点分析,共同关注者的网络可视化及差异比较。【结果/结论】本文基于知识图谱构建的新媒体环境下企业微博信息行为模型可以作为企业在线信息活动分析的研究框架;数据分析结果表明企业可以利用新媒体平台进行在线活动,提升企业与用户的信息交互效果。 相似文献
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文章分析了科研信息化发展态势,认为当前科研信息化发展将进入第三阶段即"一体化"阶段,并将发展态势凝练为"五新":大数据驱动科研范式变革成为"新亮点",开放科学借力科研信息化成为"新趋势",科研移动应用成为科研创新的"新动力",科研信息化基础设施性能及规模加速发展和升级成为"新常态",科研信息化推动企业创新和产学研协同创新成为"新模式"。指出了我国在科研信息化基础设施与应用领域面临的挑战;介绍了中科院在科研信息化基础设施、科学大数据、科研信息化应用3个方面的发展部署;提出了针对我国科研信息化的发展建议,包括建立国家科研信息化发展体系,实施国家级科研信息化工程,建设面向全国科技界提供科技资源和信息化资源的综合服务平台等。 相似文献
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Information management is the management of organizational processes, technologies, and people which collectively create, acquire, integrate, organize, process, store, disseminate, access, and dispose of the information. Information management is a vast, multi-disciplinary domain that syndicates various subdomains and perfectly intermingles with other domains. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the information management domain from 1970 to 2019. Drawing upon the methodology from statistical text analysis research, this study summarizes the evolution of knowledge in this domain by examining the publication trends as per authors, institutions, countries, etc. Further, this study proposes a probabilistic generative model based on structural topic modeling to understand and extract the latent themes from the research articles related to information management. Furthermore, this study graphically visualizes the variations in the topic prevalences over the period of 1970 to 2019. The results highlight that the most common themes are data management, knowledge management, environmental management, project management, service management, and mobile and web management. The findings also identify themes such as knowledge management, environmental management, project management, and social communication as academic hotspots for future research. 相似文献