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1.
分析了线性选择方法的两个缺陷,提出了一种基于聚集密度的非线性自适应选择方法。算法基本思想是：首先将每代种群划分成Pareto劣解集和Pareto非劣解集,然后依照个体的聚集密度分别在劣解集和非劣解集中构造一种偏序集,分别按照不同的等概率在这两个偏序集中选择个体,其中劣解偏序集的个体选择概率远小于非劣解偏序集的个体选择概率,根据两个偏序集中的容量自动计算出两个选择概率。这种非线性选择方法既体现了劣解集和非劣解集中个体的绝对平等性及非劣解集对劣解集的相对优先选择权,又充分考虑到了Pareto最优解的分布性。理论分析和数值计算表明,这种新的选择机制不仅能改善排序选择法的收敛性,而且能得到分布性良好的Pareto最优解。 相似文献
2.
《科技通报》2016,(6)
基于智能仿生计算的蚁群优化算法在路径规划问题中具有较好的应用前景,通过蚁群算法优化,实现机器人路径规划和应急救援的路径规划等。传统的基于蚁群算法的路径规划在信息素转换中容易导致信息丢失,产生局部收敛,提出一种基于信息素多目标Pareto支配的蚁群优化算法实现路径规划,利用信息素多目标Pareto集合序列的均匀遍历特性和逻辑差分变尺度特征,进行变尺度搜索,根据蚁群优化算法一次次地更新搜索空间,结合负反馈机制,通过蚂蚁的信息素转化进行路径分析,采用Pareto支配集记录下最优的食物源,蚁群在寻找食物过程中,避免了局部寻优和局部收敛,仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行蚁群优化后的路径规划避障效果较好,以较快的收敛速度和较少的迭代次数找到最优路径,收敛性好。 相似文献
3.
在CStor云数据库访问中,细粒度云存储数据的信息特征存在个体较大差异,访问路径产生多频偏移,数据访问调度性能受限。传统方法中采用PSO局部搜索方法进行访问路径修正,搜索效率低,个体更新较慢。提出一种基于细粒度云存储数据迭代恢复匹配的云数据库访问路径偏移修正算法,以PSO多信息融合Pareto支配集为指导,构建多信息融合细粒度数据的主特征模型,采用迭代恢复匹配方法增加了局部搜索提高搜索到全局最优解的几率,实现路径偏移修正。仿真实验采用3组测试集对CStor云数据库进行访问调度和路径偏移修正,结果表明采用该算法,实现对访问路径的动态实时修正,收敛距离较小,提高了CStor云数据库访问和数据挖掘性能。 相似文献
4.
针对排序选择法中广泛采用的线性选择方法的缺陷,提出了一种非线性选择方法。这种选择方法既充分体现了非劣解集对劣解集的优先选择权,又考虑到了非劣解集和劣解集中个体的平等性。理论分析和仿真计算表明,这种新的排序选择法不仅能得到分布广泛的Pareto最优解,而且进化速度极快,一般只需30-50代。 相似文献
5.
机器人的同时定位与地图创建技术是实现机器人移动过程中自主定位和控制的关键技术,在机器人同时定位目标的过程中,常出现路径偏移,需要进行路径偏移纠正,实现精确控制。提出一种基于多叉树混合遗传进化的机器人同时定位路径偏移纠正控制方法,首先进行多叉树混合遗传进化机器人同时定位控制建模,在对多信息融合下进行机器人同时定位,得到基于多叉树混合遗传进化的机器人同时定位路径修正测试函数。仿真实验和研究结果表明,该算法可以实现机器人同时定位路径偏移纠正,对机器人的控制精度较高,以较快的收敛速度找到了最优路径,其全局优化能力和搜索速度都得到了显著提高。 相似文献
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7.
针对复杂工作环境中的自动化仓库路径规划和协作问题,根据蚁群算法在路径选择上可以很快找到最短路径的特征,提出运用蚁群算法,建立自动化仓库路径规划模型,并进行模拟研究,得到最短路径解,同时也进一步验证了蚁群算法的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
8.
利用蚁群算法对于空域内复杂环境下飞行冲突进行路径规划与动态防撞的预测算法。该算法模拟蚂蚁的觅食行为,利用多组机器蚂蚁采用局部搜索策略和趋近导向函数方法完成全局最优路径搜索,可以利用虚拟蚂蚁代替飞机作碰撞的预测,理论和仿真实验结果说明在多机冲突环境中能够迅速规划出优化路径,防止飞机间的相互碰撞。 相似文献
9.
针对传统的蚁群算法设计机器人避障路径规划,自适应能力差,全局优化能力和搜索速度不好的问题,在传统算法的基础上,提出一种采用奖惩规则格栅建模的机器人避障规划算法。提出构建模型主体的行为规则和避障规则,通过在栅格环境中设置量子遗传进化的多个有效的行为规则,设计了信息素更新的奖惩规则,修改其路径上的信息素,改变量子本身携带的信息素,得到优化避障最小距离。最终获得了复杂环境下的最优路径。仿真实验表明采用该算法进行机器人避障路径规划,在未知复杂环境下能够快速地规划出安全的优化路径,机器人避障路径规划具有很好的自适应性,相比传统的蚁群算法,其全局优化能力和搜索速度都得到了显著提高。 相似文献
10.
基于PSO和滚动优化的不确定环境下移动机器人动态路径规划 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对全局环境未知且存在动态障碍物情况下的移动机器人路径规划问题,本文提出了一种结合粒子群算法(PSO)和滚动优化策略的动态路径规划方法。通过在一系列移动空间窗口中进行在线规划来充分利用机器人实时测得的局部环境信息,并用粒子群算法求解每一个移动窗口内的最优路径。为及时躲避动态障碍物,提出了一种适用于动态未知环境下的适应度函数。仿真试验表明,该方法克服了现有局部路径规划方法的高复杂性的缺点,算法操作简单、具有全局寻优能力、收敛速度快、鲁棒性好,可以满足机器人在复杂的未知动态环境下路径规划的实时性要求。 相似文献
11.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
14.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
15.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献