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Matthew M. Martin Carolyn M. Anderson Patricia A. Burant Keith Weber 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(3):304-317
This study focused on verbal aggression in sibling relationships. The study examined the relationship between (a) verbal aggressiveness with satisfaction and interpersonal trust, (b) the relationship between teasing and verbal aggressiveness, (c) whether people more satisfied with their siblings report that receiving verbal aggression is more personally hurtful, and (d) whether sibling sex influenced verbal aggression in the relationship. Results support the destructiveness of verbal aggression in that verbal aggressiveness was negatively related to satisfaction and trust. Teasing was found to be positively related to being verbally aggressive. Sibling satisfaction was positively related to being hurt from receiving verbally aggressive messages. Results involving sex show that women are more satisfied and report using less verbal aggression and teasing than the other sibling dyads. Conclusions, future directions, and limitations are discussed. 相似文献
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汉藏中学生被嘲笑的特点及差异性比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
目的了解汉藏中学生被嘲笑的状况,初步探讨我国中学生被嘲笑的特点及差异性.方法采用整体随机抽查法,选取四川、青海地区6所中学786名学生,以TQ-R嘲笑量表对所有被试进行测试.结果96.85%的中学生受到过不同程度的嘲笑,其中身体外貌被嘲笑最多,家庭背景被嘲笑最少,而且同伴是中学生被嘲笑的首要嘲笑者.从人口统计变量及年级上的差异性看:中学生被嘲笑不存在民族差异性;动作举止和身体外貌的嘲笑有显著的性别差异;社会行为嘲笑在父母亲的文化程度上差异显著.家庭背景嘲笑只有在母亲的文化程度上有差异性.中学生被嘲笑在城乡和家庭月收入高低及年级上差异非常显著.来自于农村的中学生被嘲笑的得分显著高于来自于城镇的;家庭月收入越低中学生被嘲笑是越多的;中学生被嘲笑总量表平均分的年级趋势呈波峰型趋势,被嘲笑频率最多是高一,最少是初一,而且学业成绩、动作举止和家庭背景的被嘲笑分数随年级增加而升高.结论中学生被嘲笑具有普遍性,没有民族性差异,多个维度的嘲笑不存在性别和父母亲文化程度的差异;但在城乡和家庭月收入及年级上中学生被嘲笑有显著差异,在教育干预和对策上应区别对待. 相似文献
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Zipora Shechtman 《Psychology in the schools》2000,37(2):157-167
The purpose of the study was to test the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce aggressive behavior among children and adolescents. The study encompassed 70 special education students with behavioral problems in 10 schools (grades 5‐9) in Israel. These students were identified by teachers as aggressive children, based on a 10‐item questionnaire that referred to verbal and physical aggression. The children were randomly divided into experimental and control conditions. A short‐term multidimensional program utilizing bibliotherapy and clarifying processes was introduced to the experimental students, while the control students remained in their homeroom groups. The Achenbach Self‐Report and Teacher Report scales were administered to the students before and after treatment. Results indicated significant gains on both measures: The intervention was effective in promoting adjusting behavior and particularly in reducing aggression. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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The role of popular girls in bullying and intimidating boys and other popular girls in secondary school 
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下载免费PDF全文 Siobhan Dytham 《British Educational Research Journal》2018,44(2):212-229
Despite a large amount of research focusing on bullying and exclusion in secondary schools, there is far less research focusing on cross‐gender bullying and ‘popular’ students who experience bullying. This research provides an analysis of interactions between male and female students (aged 13–14) in a school in England. The data provides multiple examples, both in the form of observations and group interviews, of girls teasing, intimidating and bullying boys and other popular girls. The analysis also considers teachers’ reactions to this behaviour, highlighting that it is often unnoticed. This paper raises this as an area for concern and suggests that future research should explore this further, both gaining more in‐depth knowledge of female bullying and intimidation of boys and popular girls, and exploring ways of working with teachers and schools to support students. 相似文献
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以初中生为被试,采用组间实验设计,通过分离具体刺激种类的方法分别考察身体暴力及言语暴力因素对不同性别个体内隐性攻击性的影响,着重考察针对身体暴力因素的阈下刺激。结果表明:(1)青少年在接受身体和言语暴力材料的启动后,内隐攻击性均显著提高。(2)不同启动材料对内隐攻击性的影响表现出性别差异。身体暴力启动材料更容易启动男生的内隐攻击性,而言语类暴力启动材料则更容易启动女生的内隐攻击性。(3)青少年在接受不同阈值水平启动条件下的内隐攻击性受到性别影响。阈值上启动材料更容易启动男生的内隐攻击性;与男生相比,女生的内隐攻击性更容易受阈值下启动材料的影响。 相似文献
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Verbal aggression in violent and nonviolent marital disputes 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Dominic A. Infante Teresa Chandler Sabourin Jill E. Rudd Elizabeth A. Shannon 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(4):361-371
Recent research suggests that verbal aggression may function as a catalyst to violence between spouses in marital disputes. Communication skills deficiencies may predispose spouses to rely upon verbal aggression in family conflict situations instead of more constructive forms of communication such as argumentation. This suggests a need to understand better the role of verbal aggression in interspousal violence. A study is presented which compared a sample of nonabused wives to a clinical sample of abused wives in terms of self‐reports of the use of verbal aggression by the husband and wife in their most recent dispute. While there were several differences between the two groups, of the ten types of verbally aggressive messages examined, character attacks most clearly differentiated violent from nonviolent marital disputes. Two hypotheses which predicted the degree of verbal aggression in violent and nonviolent disputes and the relationship between husband and wife usage were supported. Implications are discussed especially in terms of studying interspousal violence from a communication orientation. 相似文献
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Michael J. Boulton 《Early education and development》1992,3(4):312-333
In Study 1, a questionnaire was designed to investigate secondary school pupils' participation in, and perceptions of, playful and aggressive fighting. It was administered to a sample of 13- to 16-year-old male and female pupils who attended 5 different schools. The majority of pupils (and significantly more males than females) reported that they did engage in playful fighting. Most pupils also indicated that it was possible to tell whether other students were engaged in playful as opposed to aggressive fighting, attesting to the view that playful and aggressive fighting should be seen as separate categories of behavior. Other results converged to indicate that, unlike during the childhood years, playful fighting may be used by some individuals (especially males) to establish and display dominance positions. The responses of some pupils (again more males than females) also suggested that prowess in aggressive fighting was valued, in many cases because it deterred other pupils from directing unwanted behaviors (such as aggression and teasing) at them. In Study 2, more detailed individual interviews with 5 males and 5 females were carried out. These were used to illustrate some of the issues surrounding adolescents' participation in, and perceptions of, playful and aggressive fighting. Overall, the results of both Study 1 and Study 2 supported the hypothesis that some bouts of playful fighting are used during adolescence to settle dominance disputes. Results also suggested that aggression may be introduced into bouts of playful fighting in order to achieve these ends. Theoretical explanations are presented. 相似文献
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运用口语报告分析方法和专家—新手比较方法,对数学建模成绩优秀的高三学生(简称优生)与数学建模成绩一般的高三学生(简称一般生)数学建模的认知特点进行比较研究,在研究范围内和条件下获得以下结论:优生与一般生在数学建模的问题表征、策略运用、建模思路、解题结果及求解效率等方面表现出不同的认知特点.具体表现为:(1)在数学建模问题表征的方式、广度和方法方面:二者均采用符号表征方式和方法表征方式,但优生更多地采用机理表征方式;优生倾向于进行多元表征,一般生倾向于进行单一表征;优生倾向于运用循环表征方法,一般生倾向于运用单向表征方法.(2)在数学建模策略运用方面:优生倾向于采用平衡性假设策略,一般生倾向于采用精确性假设策略;优生倾向于采取样例类比构建策略,一般生倾向于采取即时生成构建策略;优生倾向于运用即时监控策略,一般生倾向于运用回顾监控策略;优生倾向于运用理论推演检验策略和直觉判断检验策略,一般生倾向于运用数据检验策略;优生倾向于运用假设调整策略和建模方法调整策略,一般生倾向于运用模型求解调整策略.(3)在数学建模的思路、结果及效率方面:优生数学建模口语报告比较简略,语言表达的逻辑性较强,问题分析深入而透彻,思路多元、快捷而灵活,对数学建模方法的使用表现为启发搜索,获得数学建模正确(合理)结果的次数较多,求解效率较高;而一般生数学建模口语报告比较繁杂,语言表达缺乏内在逻辑联系,对问题的分析浅表而模糊,建模思路单一、迟缓而刻板,对数学建模方法的使用表现为盲目搜索,思路定势和错误总次数较多,求解效率较低. 相似文献
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《Early education and development》2013,24(4):312-333
In Study 1, a questionnaire was designed to investigate secondary school pupils' participation in, and perceptions of, playful and aggressive fighting. It was administered to a sample of 13- to 16-year-old male and female pupils who attended 5 different schools. The majority of pupils (and significantly more males than females) reported that they did engage in playful fighting. Most pupils also indicated that it was possible to tell whether other students were engaged in playful as opposed to aggressive fighting, attesting to the view that playful and aggressive fighting should be seen as separate categories of behavior. Other results converged to indicate that, unlike during the childhood years, playful fighting may be used by some individuals (especially males) to establish and display dominance positions. The responses of some pupils (again more males than females) also suggested that prowess in aggressive fighting was valued, in many cases because it deterred other pupils from directing unwanted behaviors (such as aggression and teasing) at them. In Study 2, more detailed individual interviews with 5 males and 5 females were carried out. These were used to illustrate some of the issues surrounding adolescents' participation in, and perceptions of, playful and aggressive fighting. Overall, the results of both Study 1 and Study 2 supported the hypothesis that some bouts of playful fighting are used during adolescence to settle dominance disputes. Results also suggested that aggression may be introduced into bouts of playful fighting in order to achieve these ends. Theoretical explanations are presented. 相似文献
11.
Gender Differences in Children's Normative Beliefs about Aggression: How Do I Hurt Thee? Let Me Count the Ways 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
This research was designed to assess whether children view relationally manipulative behaviors (i.e., those behaviors labeled relational aggression in past research) as "aggressive." 2 studies were conducted to evaluate whether children view relationally manipulative behaviors as associated with 2 defining features of aggression, anger (Study 1) and intent to harm (Study 2). Results of Study 1 ( n = 459, 9–12-year-olds) indicated that relational aggression was the most frequently cited angry behavior for girls' interactions whereas physical aggression was the most frequently cited angry behavior for boys' interactions. Results of Study 2 ( n = 60, 9–11-year-olds) demonstrated that relational aggression and verbal insults were the most frequently cited harmful behaviors for girls whereas physical aggression and verbal insults were the most frequently cited harmful behaviors for boys. These studies provide the first evidence that children view relationally manipulative acts (relational aggression) as angry, harmful behaviors (i.e., as "aggressive"). 相似文献
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Michelle LeRoy Annette Mahoney Paul Boxer Rebecca Lakin Gullan Qijuan Fang 《Child abuse & neglect》2014
The goals of this study were first, to delineate the co-occurrence of parental severe physical aggression and verbal aggression toward clinic-referred adolescents, and second, to examine the interactive effects of parental severe physical aggression and verbal aggression on adolescent externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. This research involved 239 referrals of 11- to 18-year-old youth and their dual-parent families to a non-profit, private community mental health center in a semi-rural Midwest community. Multiple informants (i.e., adolescents and mothers) were used to assess parental aggression and adolescent behavior problems. More than half of clinic-referred adolescents (51%) experienced severe physical aggression and/or high verbal aggression from one or both parents. A pattern of interactive effects of mother-to-adolescent severe physical aggression and verbal aggression on adolescent behavior problems emerged, indicating that when severe physical aggression was present, mother-to-adolescent verbal aggression was positively associated with greater adolescent behavior problems whereas when severe physical aggression was not present, the links between verbal aggression and behavior problems was no longer significant. No interactive effects were found for father-to-adolescent severe physical aggression and verbal aggression on adolescent adjustment; however, higher father-to-adolescent verbal aggression was consistently linked to behavior problems above and beyond the influence of severe physical aggression. The results of this study should promote the practice of routinely assessing clinic-referred adolescents and their parents about their experiences of verbal aggression in addition to severe physical aggression and other forms of abuse. 相似文献
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The present article explores the nature and extent of racist harassment in predominantly white areas. It is based on a case study of Northern Ireland, and draws on data from in-depth interviews with a total of 32 children and 43 parents chosen from the four largest minority ethnic groups in the region: Chinese, Irish Travellers, South Asians and Black Africans. The article demonstrates that racist harassment is a significant problem in schools in Northern Ireland and highlights the varied forms that it can take, from overt acts of physical and verbal abuse to more covert and subtle forms of teasing and 'friendly' banter. It also highlights the central role that schools play within this. More specifically, some schools were found to respond appropriately and effectively to incidents of racist harassment among their pupils. Other schools, however, through inactivity and/or responding inappropriately, were found to not only indirectly reinforce the racist harassment that was taking place, but at times to directly contribute to it. The article concludes by stressing the relevance and importance of schools developing effective strategies for dealing with racist harassment in predominantly white areas. 相似文献
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Rebecca L. Mann 《Roeper Review》2013,35(1):60-69
Gifted students with spatial strengths have areas of remarkable talent but are often overlooked, underidentified, and underserved in American schools. Their preference for learning through imagistic reasoning conflicts with traditional verbal instructional techniques typically used in schools. To better serve these students who have the potential to be leaders in the fields of engineering, physics, and mathematics, it is important to develop an awareness of their learning patterns and problem-solving processes. The purpose of this case study was to examine, understand, and compare patterns of response in six students, three with spatial strengths and three with verbal strengths, as they solved spatial problems, responded to questions about their preferred learning style, and indicated their instructional preferences. A qualitative research design used structured interviews and observations to investigate the learning preferences of fourth-grade students with spatial strengths and to contrast their patterns of response to students lacking exceptional ability in spatial reasoning. Based on the selective coding, visual ideation, innovation, and holistic processing emerged as predominant themes in this research. 相似文献
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The purpose of this article was to evaluate theories that (1) weight-related abuse (WRA) plays a unique role in the development of disordered eating, above and beyond general childhood verbal abuse and weight-related teasing, and (2) the perceived emotional impact of WRA mediates the relationship between WRA and current disordered eating. Self-report questionnaires on childhood trauma, weight-related teasing, WRA, and current eating behaviors were administered to a total of 383 undergraduate students. In initial regressions, WRA significantly predicted binge eating, emotional eating, night eating, and unhealthy weight control. WRA continued to significantly predict all 4 forms of disordered eating following the introduction of measures of weight-related teasing and childhood verbal abuse into the regression. Latent variable analysis confirmed that perceived emotional impact of WRA mediated the relationship between WRA and disordered eating, and tests for indirect effects yielded a significant indirect effect of WRA on disordered eating through perceived emotional impact. In sum, WRA is a unique construct and the content of childhood or adolescent maltreatment is important in determining eventual psychopathology outcomes. These findings support the necessity of incorporating information on developmental history and cognitive factors into assessment and treatment of individuals with disordered eating. 相似文献
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Previous research has shown that exposure to parental verbal aggression is common and associated with increased levels of depression, anxiety, dissociation, and drug use. A key question that has not been addressed is whether verbal affection from the same or opposite parent can attenuate the effects of verbal aggression. This cross-sectional study examined the effects of parental verbal aggression and affection during childhood on measures of psychopathology and wellbeing in a community sample of 2,518 individuals (18–25 years). Data were analyzed for moderating influences using mixed effect models and for direct and indirect effects using structural equation models. The moderation analysis suggested that high levels of exposure to verbal affection did not mitigate the effects of verbal aggression from the same parent, and high levels of verbal affection from another parent did not generally result in a significant attenuation of the effects of verbal aggression. Structural equation models showed that verbal aggression was predominantly associated with effects on psychiatric symptoms scores, whereas verbal affection was primarily associated with effects on measures of wellbeing. These findings highlight the relatively independent effects of verbal aggression and verbal affection and suggest that the latter may be particularly important in establishing a foundation for emotional and physical wellbeing. These findings also suggest that ridicule, disdain, and humiliation cannot be easily counteracted by praise and warmth from the same or another parent. 相似文献
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Analyses of data on a nationally representative sample of 3,346 American parents with a child under 18 living at home found that 63% reported one or more instances of verbal aggression, such as swearing and insulting the child. Children who experienced frequent verbal aggression from parents (as measured by the Conflict Tactic Scales) exhibited higher rates of physical aggression, delinquency, and interpersonal problems than other children. This relationship is robust since it applies to preschool-, elementary school-, and high school-age children, to both boys and girls, and to children who were also physically punished as well as those who were not. Children who experienced both verbal aggression and severe physical violence exhibited the highest rates of aggression, delinquency, and interpersonal problems. 相似文献
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M. Efrati‐Virtzer 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(1):59-73
The objectives of the study were to examine the characteristics of non‐referred children with behaviour difficulties (BD) (such as verbal and physical aggression towards children and objects), aged 9–12 years and attending mainstream schools, and to compare them with children with no BD. The second objective was to evaluate the contribution of a risk and protective factors model to the explanation of the social and academic characteristics of these students. The sample consisted of 337 students (Grades Three to Six from seven schools in the central area of Israel) divided into two groups: 163 students with BD (142 boys and 21 girls), and 174 students without BD (145 boys and 29 girls). The groups were compared, using the following measures: teachers’ assessment of academic achievement and behaviour problems (reactive and proactive aggression; hyperactive behaviour); peer’s ratings of social status (degree of social acceptance and rejection, reciprocal friendship and reciprocal rejection), and students’ self‐perceptions – their sense of coherence and loneliness. Results revealed that teachers evaluated students with BD as achieving lower academic grades and as displaying higher levels of hyperactive behaviour as well as three different types of aggression. Peer ratings of social status revealed that students with BD were less accepted at their classes and had fewer friends. They were more rejected by peers and had more identified enemies. Self‐perception comparisons revealed significant differences in their loneliness and sense of coherence. Results of the structural equation modelling analysis suggested a high degree of fit between the risk and protective factors’ model and the empirical findings for students with and without BD. Results of the study corroborate the model that explain children’s academic and social adjustment, considering the joint impact of risk (behaviour disorders) and protective factors (the sense of coherence), with educational implications in terms of teachers’ sensitising and programme development. 相似文献
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This study examined the mediating roles of three types of child aggression in the relation between harsh parenting and Chinese early adolescents’ peer acceptance as well as the moderating role of child gender on this indirect relation. 833 children (mean age = 13.58, 352 girls) with their parents were recruited as participants from two junior high schools in Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China. The results showed that paternal harsh parenting was only associated with boys’ aggressive behaviors and maternal harsh parenting was only associated with boys’ and girls’ verbal aggression. Adolescents’ verbal and relational aggressions were negatively associated with their peer acceptance. Verbal aggression was more strongly and negatively associated with girls’ peer acceptance. The results imply that in the Chinese cultural context, paternal harsh parenting may compromise boys’ peer acceptance through boys’ verbal and relational aggression as mediators, whereas maternal harsh parenting may impair children’s peer acceptance through children’s verbal aggression as a mediator, especially for girls. These results provide a theoretical basis for ameliorating the negative effect of harsh parenting on early adolescents’ peer acceptance by reducing their aggressive behaviors, with different strategies between boys and girls. 相似文献