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李树辉 《喀什师范学院学报》2005,26(1):29-34
龟兹回鹘的主体是西迁回鹘中的庞特勤一支。由于回鹘的汗族居于该部，故而又称为Sar1ьur，意为“中心回鹘”、“中央回鹘”、“高贵的回鹘”或“正统的回鹘”。沙州回鹘与西州回鹘间不存在隶属关系，而是龟兹回鹘的一支，是与沙州曹氏归义军政权和睦相处、风雨同舟的回鹘群体。敦煌并不存在一段沙州回鹘(龟兹回鹘)统治的时期。龟兹回鹘是现代裕固族的主要族源，亦是操用罗布方言的雏吾尔人的先民。现代裕固族东、西两部分在语言等文化层面的差异，以及雏吾尔语罗布方言的独特性，正是古代龟兹回鹘集团语言等文化层面构成特点的保留和体现。 相似文献
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李树辉 《喀什师范学院学报》2004,25(5):28-32
龟兹回鹘的主体是西迁回鹘中的庞特勤一支。由于回鹘的汗族居于该部，故而又称为Sarilfur，意为“中心回鹘”、“中央回鹘”、“高贵的回鹘”或“正统的回鹘”。沙州回鹘与西州回鹘间不存在隶属关系，而是龟兹回鹘的一支，是与沙州曹氏归义军政权和睦相处、风雨同舟的回鹘群体。敦煌并不存在一段沙州回鹘(龟兹回鹘)统治的时期。龟兹回鹘是现代裕固族的主要族源，亦是操用罗布方言的维吾尔人的先民。现代裕固族东、西两部分在语言等文化层面的差异，以及雏吾尔语罗布方言的独特性，正是古代龟兹回鹘集团语言等文化层面构成特点的保留和体现。 相似文献
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李树辉 《喀什师范学院学报》2004,25(2):29-37
龟兹回鹘的主体是西迁回鹘中的庞特勤一支。由于回鹘的汗族居于该部．故而又称为Sarj Uj ur．意为“中心回鹘”、“中央回鹘”、“高贵的回鹘”或“正统的回鹘”。沙州回鹘与西州回鹘间不存在隶属关系．而是龟兹回鹘的一支．是与沙州曹氏归义军政权和睦相处、风雨同舟的回鹘群体。敦煌并不存在一段沙州回鹘(龟兹回鹘)统治的时期。龟兹回鹘是现代裕固族的主要族源．亦是操用罗布方言的维吾尔人的先民。现代裕固族东、西两部分在语言等文化层面的差异，以及维吾尔语罗布方言的独特性，正是古代龟兹回鹘集团语言等文化层面构成特点的保留和体现。 相似文献
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裕固族的直系祖先来自河西回鹘而非学界常说的西州回鹘,裕固族东迁传说中的西至哈至指的是沙州瓜州而非吐鲁番。元代蒙古豳王家族入居河西西端,与当地回鹘融合而形成裕固族这个新的民族共同体。宋代以后见诸史册的黄头回纥,其实就是沙州回鹘之另称。对裕固族形成史的研究,应特别关注河西回鹘,同样地,对裕固族文化的认识,也需要与河西回鹘相联系。只有把裕固族历史文化置于河西回鹘大背景中来认识,将河西回鹘之源与蒙古豳王家族之流做通盘考虑,才能真正解决裕固学研究中的诸多难解之谜。 相似文献
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《河西学院学报》2019,(1):1-11
宋元时期,回鹘佛教流行,文殊菩萨信仰和五台山崇拜在敦煌莫高窟和瓜州榆林窟的回鹘文文献和题壁中多有体现。13世纪后期,蒙古豳王家族入居河西走廊,成为河西回鹘的统治者。沙州、瓜州等地的回鹘人与蒙古人经过数十年的碰撞与磨合,至明代初期,在文化上逐步趋同,互相融合而成为裕固族这一新的民族共同体。明朝中叶,由于受到外来势力的侵扰,裕固族不得不由沙州、瓜州东迁至肃州一带。肃州原本是蒙古豳王家族的大本营,文殊山也成为蒙古豳王家族的皇家寺院,后来逐步演变成为裕固族佛教徒心目中的文殊道场。从文殊山发现的回鹘文碑铭、题记可以看出,元明清时代当地文殊信仰流行,裕固族先民所称颂、拜谒的文殊道场不是山西五台山而是今天酒泉的文殊山。此外,莫高窟第61窟和榆林窟第3窟也被裕固族先民视作殊道场。 相似文献
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《沙州回鹘及其文献》评介苏北海期待已久的《沙州回鹘及其文献》（杨富学、牛汝极著）一书最近已由甘肃文化出版社出版了，可喜可贺。这不仅是敦煌学研究的一大成果，更是回鹘研究的一个里程碑。挑灯读之，如饮酷醐，解积年之渴，心中不由而生荐诸同好之意。回鹘族的先祖... 相似文献
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本文试图运用敦煌文献对西州回鹘和龟兹回鹘的形成及兴衰提出自己的见解,并用吐鲁番出土回鹘文木杵文及汉文史料论证沙州回鹘来自甘州回鹘. 相似文献
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甘州回鹘政权一直非常注意与周边民族和政权的交往,佛教在这些外交活动中曾扮演过相当重要的角色.本文通过对史籍及敦煌文献中有关甘州回鹘与中原王朝及沙州归义军、金山国交往关系的史料及敦煌石窟中相关题记资料的梳理,论述了佛教僧侣在甘州回鹘政权的外交活动中充当了重要角色,指出佛教在沟通甘州回鹘与中原王朝及沙州归义军、金山国政权的关系方面起到了非常重要的作用,促进了古代丝绸之路沿线地区及周边国家、地区、民族间的宗教与文化交流. 相似文献
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辽朝与回鹘关系主要表现在行政建置上,辽朝通过设置阿思懒王府、回鹘国单于府、沙州回鹘敦煌郡王府、甘州回鹘大王府、高昌国大王府等属国机构,并授予回鹘首领刺史、县令等官衔对回鹘进行经略;经济贸易上,辽上京设置回鹘营管理回鹘商贩,高昌设立互市场所进行双方贸易;文化交流上,回鹘进梵僧名医;回鹘使者观诸国使者礼,辽朝观回鹘本俗舞蹈,派遣使者出使回鹘观其风俗,厚赐回鹘使者,以增进双方礼仪风俗交流;朝贡上,辽朝设立同文驿以供诸国信使居住,回鹘向辽朝朝贡68次之多;军事上,辽圣宗时曾四征甘州回鹘,辽朝对回鹘经略主要目的是保证草原丝绸之路畅通,加强对西北诸部族控制,维护整个西北属国属部体系正常运转。 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
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罗艳萍 《读与写:教育教学刊》2008,5(6)
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity. 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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Richard Denner 《海外英语》2007,(4):14-15
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose. 相似文献
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Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献