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1.
Brian P. Godor 《Interchange》2017,48(3):257-269
Student drop-out remains a critical issue facing educational professionals. For higher education, the vast research in the past 40 years has been influenced by the work of Tinto and his model of student persistence. In this model are several elements that have proven to sharpen the focus of student drop-out research such as the concept of integration. The philosophical foundation for these concepts stems from Durkheim’s work on suicide. Specifically, Tinto’s employs Durkheim’s “egotistical” suicide type as an analogy for student departure while attributing students’ departure as a decision to separate themselves from the academic community. However; assigning causation of student departure to students’ decisions stands in stark contrast to the theoretical underpinnings of Durkheim’s work. Durkheim believed that certain social tendencies cause suicides. If student drop-out is to be typified by a certain Durkheimian suicide “type,” then specific social facts must exist in those societies. In this article, student departure in higher education will be examined using Durkheim’s theory of suicide complemented with Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic violence. Egotistical suicide will then be re-examined as an analogy for student departure and the Durkheimian suicide “fatalistic” will be presented as suitable analogy for student departure. 相似文献
2.
Karley Beckman Tiffani Apps Sue Bennett Lori Lockyer 《Learning, Media and Technology》2018,43(2):197-210
Evidence from large-scale studies of primary and secondary students’ technology practices at school over the last decade show disparities in student practices and suggest that schools need to do more to cater for all students. Research that explores the influence of social and cultural factors may be useful for understanding such inequality in student practice. Bourdieu’s theory of practice [(1977). Outline of a Theory of Practice. London: Cambridge University Press] is proposed as an example of a sociological theory that can be adopted in educational technology research to move towards understanding the wider complexities of technology practice. To encourage discourse and application of Bourdieu’s sociology in the field of educational technology research, this paper provides an introduction to the theory, a review of its application in research of primary and secondary students’ technology practice and relevant conceptual work. The paper presents a conceptual framework based on Bourdieu’s theory that has been developed through two recent studies, and review of empirical and conceptual works and invites its application in future research so that it can be critiqued and further developed. 相似文献
3.
N. Andrew Peterson Antoinette Y. Farmer Louis Donnelly Brad Forenza 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(5):460-479
The implicit curriculum, which refers to a student’s learning environment, has been described as an essential feature of an integrated professional social work curriculum. Very little is known, however, about the heterogeneity of students’ experiences with the implicit curriculum, how this heterogeneity may be distributed across groups of students, and how it may impact students’ professional empowerment. This study used latent profile analysis to identify groups of students based on their experiences with the implicit curriculum in school and field contexts, and it examined differences between profile groups on measures of professional empowerment. Study participants (n = 534) were undergraduate and graduate students of a large school of social work in the northeast. Results revealed that four groups of students could be identified based on their experiences with the implicit curriculum: students who experienced (a) positive school and field environments, (b) positive school but negative field environments, (c) negative school but positive field environments, and (d) negative school and field environments. Profile groups differed significantly on measures of professional empowerment. Implications and directions for future work are discussed. 相似文献
4.
近年来,大学生在学习、生活中存在的心理压力,引起了许多学者的关注。认同理论为解决大学生心理压力提供了一个新的视角。埃里克森自20世纪30年代开始对认同问题进行研究,尤其对青少年的自我同一性进行了深入的探讨;塔基菲尔的社会认同理论为认识不同群体及群际冲突提供了合理的依据。应认真分析大学生的压力,并从个体自我认同和社会认同角度为解决大学生心理压力探寻新的策略:1.从自我认同的功能出发,认识自己、完善人格体系;2.在与他人和社会的互动过程中,形成良好的自我认同;3.从社会认同中群体互动的角度,增加群体间的互动,营造有利于大学生社会认同的良好氛围;4.从家庭和学校等社会基本单元着手,通过大学生责任意识、择业观念的培养,增强大学生的社会认同。 相似文献
5.
法学本科毕业班教学形式中普通存在着教学内容和方法与社会、学生的要求不相适应、对学生个人发展计划与教学要求的关系处理不当、到课率低等问题,解决这些问题首先应当从分析学生对现有教学形式的态度的入手。法学毕业班学生的这种态度主要受学习疲劳期、就业压力、教学内容与方式、教师态度、“新知识无用论”观念等因素的影响。创新法学毕业班教学形式要立足于现实条件与需要、勇于突破并要能满足个性化的要求。在具体做法上,要采用更精当的课程设置、更灵活的教学形式和更具针对性的内容选择。 相似文献
6.
Jacqueline Corcoran Scott Stuart Jessica Schultz 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(3):226-236
Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is a relatively brief psychodynamic intervention of approximately 12 sessions focusing on how current interpersonal relationships have contributed to a person’s mental health symptoms. Areas targeted for work involve significant role transitions, grief and loss, and interpersonal disputes. IPT is an evidence-based treatment for depression, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorders. Despite these advantages, social work students rarely receive instruction on the delivery of IPT in their graduate programs. The purpose of this project, therefore, was to begin to address this gap by implementing an IPT component in a clinical practice course and testing student knowledge pre- and post-test. An example of sample assignments involving application of IPT to student fieldwork is provided. The sample in this study involved a small number of students enrolled in a clinical course taught in the first semester of the second year of training. Students improved their knowledge score at a statistically significant level. Implications of the study are explored, with the main conclusion being that more clinical majors in MSW programs be exposed to IPT. 相似文献
7.
Providing contingent or adaptive support (i.e., scaffolding) is effective. Yet it is unclear how it promotes students’ learning. In this mixed-methods study, we investigated to what extent the effect of contingent support for students’ learning is mediated by the extent to which students take up teachers’ support in subsequent small-group work. We define contingent support as support that contains adapted levels of teacher control or regulation based on the learner’s level of understanding. To explore the research question, we analyzed all interactions from 35 lessons of 7 secondary social studies teachers and 7 small groups of students. Logistic multilevel mediation analyses showed that the likelihood of students formulating accurate answers during small-group work was higher when students applied the teacher’s support in subsequent small-group work (as opposed to ignoring that support). However, the contingency of a teacher’s support did not affect students’ uptake or the accuracy of their answers. Additional qualitative analyses showed that students’ uptake of contingent support was sometimes hampered by untimely fading of the support. Moreover, we found that contingent support that was then gradually faded was the most effective in fostering students’ uptake of a teacher’s support. 相似文献
8.
This paper reports on the opportunities for transformational learning experienced by a group of pre‐service teachers who were engaged in service‐learning as a pedagogical process with a focus on reflection. Critical social theory informed the design of the reflection process as it enabled a move away from knowledge transmission toward knowledge transformation. The structured reflection log was designed to illustrate the critical social theory expectations of quality learning that teach students to think critically: ideology critique and utopian critique. Butin’s lenses and a reflection framework informed by the work of Bain, Ballantyne, Mills and Lester were used in the design of the service‐learning reflection log. Reported data provide evidence of transformational learning and highlight how the students critique their world and imagine how they could contribute to a better world in their work as a beginning teacher. 相似文献
9.
Grounded theory is a popular methodological approach in social work research, especially by doctoral students conducting qualitative research. The approach, however, is not always used consistently or as originally designed, compromising the quality of the research. The aim of the current study is to assess the quality of recent Canadian social work doctoral dissertations implementing a grounded theory approach. Our analysis is based on the premise that presentations of grounded theory approaches in doctoral dissertations impact the conduct of teaching and future research and have direct implications for the legitimacy of qualitative research. Using Saini and Shlonsky’s Qualitative Research Quality Checklist, the authors appraised dissertations in terms of credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability, authenticity, and relevance. The article concludes with implications regarding the quality of studies utilizing grounded theory approaches and consequences for future doctoral education and research. 相似文献
10.
Stephanie K. Boys Stephanie Q. Quiring Evan Harris Carrie A. Hagan 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(4):410-424
Social workers and attorneys both interact with persons from diverse backgrounds every day, yet although interpersonal skills are an essential focus of social work education, these skills are not addressed in legal education. Interdisciplinary courses in which social workers and lawyers learn interpersonal skills together and have an opportunity to practice them through service learning opportunities are a way to remedy a gap in legal education. The authors describe a project recently piloted at a large midwestern university in which law and graduate social work students participated in an interdisciplinary course with a service learning component requiring students to work together on cases. As one component of the clinic’s assessment, all students were pre- and posttested via an interpersonal skills survey. The law students showed statistically significant improvement in interpersonal skills at the end of the course. The results indicate a need for increased support for interdisciplinary education, specifically partnerships between the professions of law and social work. 相似文献
11.
Leesa Wheelahan 《课程研究杂志》2015,47(6):750-762
This contribution to the symposium on Michael Young’s article ‘Overcoming the crisis in curriculum theory: a knowledge based approach’, supports his contention that curriculum theory has lost sight of its object—‘what is taught and learned in schools’, and argues that this has particularly deleterious consequences for vocational education and training (VET). VET is unproblematically positioned as applied, experiential and work-focused learning, and it is seen as a solution for those who are alienated from or unsuccessful in more traditional forms of academic education. This article argues that rather than being a mechanism for social inclusion, VET is instead a key way in which social inequality is mediated and reproduced because it excludes students from accessing the theoretical knowledge they need to participate in debates and controversies in society and in their occupational field of practice. It presents a social realist analysis to argue why VET students need access to theoretical knowledge, how a focus on experiential and applied learning constitutes a mechanism for social exclusion and what a ‘knowledge rich’ VET curriculum would look like. 相似文献
12.
史晖 《天津师范大学学报(基础教育版)》2012,(1):13-17
重叠影响理论认为,家庭、学校和社区这三个背景对学生以及三者之间的关系发生了重叠影响,这种影响有助于学生在学校里和未来的生活中取得成功。从布迪厄的社会学理论视角来看,基于重叠影响视域的课程实施具有可能性,因为家庭的文化资本是影响学生成长的重要因素,社区是蕴含着丰富社会资本的场域。重叠影响视域下课程实施的基本路径是:成立学校、家庭和社区伙伴关系行动小组;创建家庭式学校和学校式家庭;建立社区学校。 相似文献
13.
刘丽虹 《青岛大学师范学院学报》2012,29(1):33-39
动机的自我决定理论是由美国心理学家Deci和Ryan提出的动机过程理论。它不是把动机看作一个单一的概念,也不是把动机简单地区分为内部动机和外部动机,而是把动机看作一个连续体,从外部动机到内部动机需要经历三个内化程度不同的中间水平。近来的研究者发现,动机水平不同对行为改变效果的影响不同。在此理论的基础上,Ryan提出一个行为改变和保持的模型。同时,研究者还发现基于自我决定理论的心理治疗与动机性访谈技术有很多相似之处,且他们可以相互补充。 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study is to investigate learners’ transforming participation as they enter and engage in a learning community. To do this, we investigated the micro-development of two students’ learning and collaborative practices in the context of a unique learning community that was fostered within a graduate level course. Interpretations of the data, which were reviewed by the researchers and triangulated by a group of expert and novice peers, led us to suggest three dimensions of transforming participation that is based on a group psychotherapy framework: (a) the social microcosm—examining one’s learning and collaboration practices in the LC in comparison with one’s everyday life; (b) developing the motivation to change based on dissatisfaction or a desire to grow; and (c) making incremental changes to practices in a socio-cultural context. We discuss the intricacies and implications of this framework for future research on learning communities. 相似文献
15.
Mendoza Norman B. King Ronnel B. 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(2):325-340
Work avoidance goals, which refer to wanting to do as little as possible in school, are detrimental to school success. Given its maladaptive nature, studies have investigated the antecedents of work avoidance, such as the role of personal characteristics and social-contextual factors. The influence of one’s classmates, however, remains under-explored. Drawing from social contagion research, we examined whether work avoidance goals spread among classmates. Questionnaires were administered to 1524 adolescent students nested within 50 classes. Two waves of data were collected one semester apart. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data. Results showed that a student’s work avoidance in Time 2 was predicted by his/her classmates’ work avoidance in Time 1. These results held even after controlling for one’s own Time 1 work avoidance. Moreover, work avoidance goals led to higher levels of disengagement and lower levels of engagement. The findings demonstrate that work avoidance goals are socially contagious and that they have negative consequences for students’ engagement. This study extends our theoretical understanding of work avoidance by highlighting the vital role played by one’s classmates in shaping students’ avoidance of schoolwork and the deleterious consequences that come with it.
相似文献16.
Mara G. Landers 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2013,84(3):371-391
This article presents a theoretical conceptualization of mathematics homework as a social practice. Rather than considering homework as a task or an artifact, this approach frames homework in terms of the social contexts in which students participate and how students participate in those contexts. This perspective has long been suggested by homework researchers but has not been developed as a framework for understanding homework. Drawing from Wenger’s (1998) social theory of learning and research grounded in sociocultural theory, this conceptualization makes central meaning making and identity development, and puts forth meaning and identity as lenses for understanding students’ participation in the practice of mathematics homework. To further develop this conceptualization of homework, I draw on data from an ethnographic study of the role and meaning of mathematics homework in the lives of middle school students. Case studies of two students are presented to demonstrate the relationships among the meaning of homework, students’ identities, and their participation in the practice of homework. One student’s experiences support him in identifying as a capable mathematics student who is bound for continued academic success through high school to college. Thus, he comes to take on mathematics homework as a means to learn and succeed. The other student’s experiences support him in building an identity that leads him to reject homework. This conceptualization of homework and the case study data have implications for the practice of homework and for theories of students’ motivational dispositions in the context of mathematics homework and learning in general. 相似文献
17.
Group work at university: significance of personal goals in the regulation strategies of students with positive and negative appraisals 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper examines the mediating role of students’ goals in group work at university. Research on cooperative and collaborative learning has provided empirical support for the cognitive, motivational and social benefits of group work but the antecedents of motivation and ongoing management of emerging motivational and socio‐emotional issues have received less attention. A theory of self‐regulation that incorporates students’ personal goals and perceptions of context, combined with a sociocultural perspective on co‐regulation of individuals and contexts, can help understand why and how some groups resolve their social challenges while others are less successful. An empirical study highlighted the mediating role of students’ goals in their appraisals of group assignments, perceptions of various aspects of the contexts, and in turn regulation strategies to achieve their goals. Qualitative differences were found in the regulation strategies of students with positive and negative appraisals. 相似文献
18.
Cheryl Wei-yu Chen 《Pedagogies: An International Journal》2018,13(1):1-18
Cyberbullying takes place when the Internet is used purposefully to cause harm or discomfort to a specific person or group of persons. Because of the fast growth of digital technologies, cyberbullying is replacing physical bullying and becoming a prevalent social problem around the world. This study outlines the author’s efforts of integrating David Kolb's experiential learning theory, project-based learning, and a critical approach to language education to engage a group of Taiwanese college English-as-a-foreign-language students about the issues related to cyberbullying and the importance of healthy Internet behaviors. The results indicated that the 9-week project work heightened students’ awareness of cyberbullying and other social issues and enhanced their language skills. Students also held an overall positive attitude toward the project work. To conclude the article, several research directions are suggested to continue this line of inquiry. 相似文献
19.
在当前职业教育一直关注于高职学生的岗位实践能力、适应能力与可持续发展能力培养的情况下,反思理论无疑为此项工作开展开辟了新思路。反思的意义在于它是有效连接学校理论与工作实践的桥梁;反思的发展特征说明它是可以不断进步和发展的;反思过程的阶段性特征表明它是一种动态的认知建构过程,遵循4个阶段的循环过程而不断往复前进;反思实践共同体则提出借助团体的思考与判断来反思自己的工作行为,将自我内部对话转变为社会性实践。高职院校应当在学校中贯彻反思教育,促进学生职业素质的持续发展。 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(1-2):123-137
Abstract Within the social work profession, one's world view, one's beliefs and values based on one's experiences, strongly influences one's practice and comfort with groups. This paper will examine some of the different ways of viewing the world held by practitioners and students in relation to the likelihood that they will be able to work effectively with groups. Such examination, and the identification of the differences among social workers that results from it has implications for both teaching and supervision in social work. These implications will be discussed and specific principles and techniques for teaching social workers, in education and in supervision, based on their world views will be described. This paper aims to enrich education for group work so that the community of social group work practitioners can grow and continue to thrive. 相似文献