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1.
Cherian George 《The Communication Review》2013,16(3):247-268
The Internet has become a medium for contentious political journalism in Malaysia and Singapore, two countries known for their enthusiastic adoption of information technologies as well as their illiberal controls on political expression. These alternative sites inhabit a regulatory gap within an otherwise closed media system. Internet laws in these two settings provide a degree of freedom that is significantly greater than experienced in print and broadcast media. This article tries to explain this anomaly. It argues that the Internet’s perceived economic value dominated the authorities’ policy formulation, subordinating the goal of political control that historically shaped media policy. When dealing with print and broadcast media, the authorities had been able to tailor their political interventions narrowly, such that these actions did not smother their economic priorities. In contrast, the Internet was not as amenable to narrow tailoring. The two governments decided to tolerate a lesser degree of political control than that to which they were accustomed. While the governments maintained the prerogative to mete out after-the-fact punishments against any offending Internet publication, they were less capable of imposing prior restraints or encouraging self-censorship-their more routine forms of media control. It is not argued that the resulting advantage for radical journalism was either absolute or permanent, only that it presented a sufficiently attractive opportunity for action. 相似文献
2.
Observers of democratic polities decry a seeming increase in social and political polarization. This article outlines the conditions under which Internet-based news exposure can facilitate polarization. Analyses of data from a nationally representative United States panel study reveal that frequency of news consumption over the Internet can widen disagreements between Democrats and Republicans over a wide range of social and political issues. The results reveal few signs of a similar Internet news exposure effect for disagreement linked to race and income. These findings point to some possible mechanisms of, and limitations to, processes driving social and political polarization. 相似文献
3.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(3-4):293-334
Summary A typology of information needs for political science allows academic librarians to match local and Internet resources with materials relevant to public users, non-major undergraduates, political science majors, graduate students, and professional political scientists. Recognizing public and non-specialist users, we may distinguish needs for information about politics from that which is specifically political science information. Second, the needs of majors, graduate students, and political science professionals often fall within the bounds created by the discipline's generally recognized subfields. Finally, as academics, graduate students and professionals have functional needs for information that helps them teach, publish, and participate in professional affairs. Because the number of potentially relevant topics is singularly broad and the literature of the discipline spans two and a half millennia, this article emphasizes gateway or directory Web sites appropriate to each type of information need. 相似文献
4.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(61-62):255-264
Summary The Internet, being a global tool capable of supporting multi-media format, can provide a venue for information in ways that traditional resources cannot. There is an abundance of information on the Internet regarding various aspects of the Holocaust. Responding to the broad disparity of the quality of information, political agendas of information providers, and the multi-disciplinary nature of the topic, this article is designed to provide an overview of available resources, and a spring-board for further research using the Internet as a medium. 相似文献
5.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(57):69-75
Abstract This article describes several omnibus social work/human services web sites social “with problems” links. Strategies are also suggested-and examples provided-for identifying additional Internet resources by framing the search in the context of lifespan development and in terms of institutional stakeholders. 相似文献
6.
Louise McReynolds 《The Communication Review》2013,16(1):83-100
An independent, commercial mass‐circulation newspaper industry boomed at the end of the tsarist era, one analogous in most respects to that which evolved in the West during the nineteenth century. The Russian press, however, differed significantly from the Western press in the manner in which it functioned politically. Russian journalism, too, helped to open a public sphere in the autocratic environment, in concert with a series of social and political reforms in the 1860s. However, when those reforms failed to create a political order guaranteed by a constitution, the press reconstituted that sphere in a way to actually thwart the evolution of Western liberalism. The pivotal event in this process proved to be the failure of the 1905 Revolution to secure the postreform decades of incremental gains. Like most of the rest of society, journalists became so disappointed by the limited concessions exacted from the government that they lost hope that the autocracy could be reformed. Newspapers sought new political symbols in Russia's past; they found an equally disillusioned intelligentsia, whom they historicized and manipulated so as to undermine whatever substantive part they could have played in using the press as a genuinely transformative institution central to the public sphere. 相似文献
7.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(57):111-125
Abstract Librarians have long relied on printed directories and ephemera stored in vertical files to provide access to national political information. The Internet seems an ideal medium for evanescent political information because it allows for continuous updating of information directly by political organizations, enables the creation of large collections of diverse materials, frees librarians from the labor of ordering and updating materials, and permits remote access. There follows a list of political Internet resources that have proved to be valuable for reference in academic and public libraries. 相似文献
8.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(3-4):41-48
ABSTRACT The last decade has witnessed an exciting resurgence in poetry, which is due in part to its increasing accessibility on the Internet. The Web provides the text and criticism of well-known poems within the established canon as well as contemporary experimental verse that often challenges the notions of what a poem can be. This article discusses the development of traditional or academic poetry on the Internet while also covering the new cutting-edge verse that is expanding the genre into new poetic forms, and includes information on websites and databases that facilitate access to poems and poetry criticism. 相似文献
9.
Marie S. A. Sorensen 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(7):698-727
AbstractHow do researchers search for knowledge? What are their behaviors and habits, and what technologies do they use? This article proposes that three design shifts – involving more human senses, enabling comparative and simultaneous viewing, and allowing immediate access to full content – will create a more fruitful research process for scholars who conduct a literature review, learn about a new topic in a related discipline, or catch up on advances in their field. The three proposed designed shifts were tested with prototyping. The systematic prototyping procedure is a method that can be employed by others to advance this field. 相似文献
10.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(61-62):245-254
Summary The Internet opens a wide range of possibilities for accessing materials from both traditional sources and more volatile areas-personal homepages, e-mail and discussion groups archives. Though the role of reference librarians to find the most relevant information for our users seems monumental in this medium, it is an area that needs the objective, ethical expertise of the librarian and archivist. In this 50th year of remembrance of the Holocaust, the Internet is especially active with information on that historic tragedy. Excerpts from accounts by one Hungarian and one Norwegian political prisoner interned in the camps are included as illustrations of material which may not have been found using more traditional research tools. 相似文献
11.
Michael Kent 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(3):359-375
–This article explains how metaphors influence how we experience events, and how the Web, viewed through a different metaphor or lens, currently appears a little less valuable as a tool of education or democracy. Although the Web constitutes a new communication milieu, possessing the potential to revolutionize communication in the next millennium, its rhetoric is currently one of consumerism and capitalism–economic not political ideologies pertain. This article conducts a metaphorical analysis of the World Wide Web positing that the Web might be understood best through a managerial metaphor rather than the current spatial/relational metaphor. Using Sproule's 1988 categories of managerial rhetoric, this article critiques contemporary Web practices in an effort to better understand the Web and its communicative potential. 相似文献
12.
Abstract Organized transnational political and technological activism ‐ here referred to as transnational advocacy networks ‐ has an increasingly strong role in giving images of how one should behave and what to consume. This article analyses transnational advocacy networks that oppose digital rights management (DRM) systems and related regulations. We suggest the potential impact of this activity to the consumption of content products. We start with defining and describing the most relevant advocacy networks. We provide the characterization of existing organizations and their work both the United States and Europe. Then, we discuss four case studies where media companies have experimented with different strategies against DRM circumvention initiated and endorsed by transnational advocacy networks Our argument is that because of the economics of copying on the Internet it is not a sound strategy to use legal actions to remove any circumventing information from the internet. Any circumvention information published on the Internet will be mirrored out of the reach of legal enforcement mechanisms. So far, the only working strategy seems to be to implement a DRM‐system, which can be updated without user intervention after the security is breached. This might be also the most efficient way to control the impact of transnational advocacy networks opposing DRM systems. 相似文献
13.
Jennifer Brubaker 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(4):298-309
Internet news consumption is growing and television news viewership is decreasing; however, online news is not a substitute for television news. This study found motives for seeking political information from television and the Internet to be information-seeking, entertainment, civic duty, and social utility. In seeking political information, audiences use Internet and television in conjunction as supplements or complements, rather than as substitutes. Multiple regression analysis showed that information-seeking and social utility predicted television use, and information-seeking and civic duty predicted Internet use. 相似文献
14.
ABSTRACT This experiment (N= 476) investigates how individuals evaluate political candidates who use informal communication on social media. We use expectancy violations theory (EVT) to predict that informal communication will lead to negative evaluations. Our results suggest that politicians’ use of informal communication on social media leads to expectancy violation, which decreases perceived credibility and lessens intention to support a candidate. This effect was not moderated by sex (male versus female) or age (young versus old) of the candidate, nor of participants being the same sex as the candidate. These findings suggest that political figures should use informal communication on social media with caution. 相似文献
15.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(87-88):109-149
SUMMARY Increasingly, the global business community is viewing Sub-Saharan Africa as a continent of rich business, trade, and investment opportunities. A major challenge to political and business leaders is access to accurate and time-critical information on business, economic, political, and social developments in the Sub-Saharan African countries. This resource guide will provide an organized collection of major African business and economic information resources available via the Internet. Additionally, it includes an appended selection of information sources available in print format. The information originates from multiple Internet-based sources, including African commercial and government agencies, U.S. commercial and government agencies, and international organizations engaging in economic, business, and trade issues in the Sub-Saharan African countries. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2012,40(5):527-547
ABSTRACTA deliberative democracy is reliant on an informed electorate discussing issues and presenting persuasive arguments. Individuals acquire information from exposure to political messages. Partisan cues, however, undermine learning outcomes. The current study experimentally examines the social cognitive processes that underlie this learning process. Integrating the social identity theory, elaboration likelihood model, and the theory of motivated reasoning to construct the theoretical concept of identity-motivated elaboration, the results indicate that partisan social identities motivate biased processing of new information, which subsequently influences the valence of elaboration. Positively and negatively valenced elaboration are situated as mediating variables in the structural model, which predicts learning from a persuasive political message. The current study extends the partisan social identity hypothesis to the elaborative and learning outcomes of political messages. 相似文献
17.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(1-2):325-348
SUMMARY Quality online maps and mapping resources, while indispensable to library users, can be challenging to locate. The range of available map types continues to expand and includes road maps, historical collections, political and physical atlases as well as maps and images of the moon and certain planets. Interactive mapping sites continue to grow and provide unique opportunities for users to interact with socioeconomic, historic, and physical data while creating unique and personalized maps. This article serves to highlight the best online resources for both map image collections and interactive mapping sites found on the Internet today. 相似文献
18.
《Public Library Quarterly》2013,32(1-2):27-42
SUMMARY This article explores a number of variables which can contribute to the quality of public access computing and Internet services that public libraries provide their communities. Through this exploration, the article offers several insights and implications for the development and implementation of high quality public access computing and Internet services which increasingly technology-savvy users expect from service providers. A key focus of the article is determining the extent to which some public libraries can reasonably provide high levels of network-based services given staff, budgetary, and other constraints and challenges. 相似文献
19.
Dennis T. Lowry 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):239-244
When radio and television are touted as the “greatest media for education” or the “promoting of social change” that the world has ever known, the need of the developing countries of the world for these media is often cited. It is probable that most citizens of the United States think of “developing nations” as those newly‐formed countries of Asia and Africa whose political, social and economic problems often are featured in the day's news reports. However, there are more than a score of developing nations in the western hemisphere, and one of these is right at the back door of the U. S. This country, Mexico, has been using radio and television effectively for a major literacy program since 1965, and the following article describes that program. Dennis Lowry is a doctoral candidate in mass communication in the University of Minnesota School of Journalism and Mass Communication. Information for this article was gathered during a six‐week study trip to Mexico in the summer of 1968. 相似文献
20.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(57):55-62
Abstract Governmental, non-profit, and commercial organizations are putting a variety of materials online which provide access to information previously published in print, or on stand-alone fee-based databases. Although it is still difficult to locate information efficiently on the Internet, access to relevant materials has been improved by subject-organized online indexes of resources. These indexes take some of the chaos out of locating relevant materials. Rapid growth in online in electronic publishing combined with access to resources via organized indexes to online information make the Internet useful to reference librarians and educators. This article lists some of the resources and access points for information relevant to educators and librarians. 相似文献