共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Donald E. Campbell 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):888-893
Abstract Form A of the Wear Attitude Inventory was administered to one randomly selected physical education class of seventh grade boys, one class of eighth grade boys, and one class of ninth grade boys in each of five junior high schools. The mean Inventory score for each grade was found to be equal to or superior to the mean reported in Wear's validation study. A significant X2 value was found for the distribution of Inventory scores of the three junior high school grades. A biserial coefficient of correlation item analysis which was computed for each of the three grades established that the 30 items correlated significantly with the total score and that the item score also had a significant correlation with the Inventory category score. On the basis of these results, the conclusion was advanced that the Wear Attitude Inventory was an appropriate instrument to measure attitudes of junior high school boys toward physical education. 相似文献
2.
Fred M. Apgar 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):253-259
Abstract The purpose of this research was to place in perspective the widespread charges that winning is overemphasized in high school athletics. Kenyon's Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory was modified to include a pursuit of victory dimension of interscholastic athletics. The instrument was administered to 341 randomly selected male high school students from nine central New York state high schools. Factor analysis and split-half reliability techniques yielded satisfactory validity and reliability measures for the modified instrument. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, t tests, multiple discriminant function analysis, and Scheffé tests. They were tested at or beyond the .05 level of significance. The results showed that male high school students placed no greater emphasis on winning than on all the other dimensions of interscholastic athletics. The relatively low rank order of the winning dimension (sixth out of eight), refuted, in part, critics' charges that winning dominated high school athletics. The results also showed that athletes placed greater emphasis on winning than did nonathletes. There was no difference in attitude toward winning according to the type of activity pursued (team vs. individual sports). 相似文献
3.
Corinne Baron Donovan Kevin Mercier Sharon R. Phillips 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(2):91-98
The Centers for Disease Control have suggested that physical education plays a role in promoting healthy lifestyles. Prior research suggests a link between attitudes toward physical education and physical activity outside school. The current study provides additional evidence of construct validity through a validation across two instruments measuring attitudes toward physical education by investigating their psychometric properties with a sample of 6th grade students (N = 377). Confirmatory factor analysis results indicate that the four-factor model fit the data well for both instruments based on fit indices, and a multitrait-multimethod analysis provides evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Cross validation of these instruments permits longitudinal investigations on the role of attitudes toward physical education and their impact on physical activity. 相似文献
4.
Nancy J. Mista 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):166-174
Abstract A revision of the Plummer attitude inventory and a background information questionnaire were administered to 1,126 freshman college women enrolled in the private four-year colleges in Iowa in September 1964. Attitude scores were determined and comparisons were made on the basis of background information. Significant differences in attitude toward physical education were found between those earning interscholastic athletic letters and those not earning letters, those participating in organized physical activity programs outside of school and those not participating in such programs, those from farms and those from cities, those from small high school graduating classes and those from large high school graduating classes, those who chose teaching careers and those who chose other careers, those who ratedselves above average in physical skills and those who ratedselves below average in physical skills, and those who enjoyedr high school physical education programs and those who did not. Significant differences did not exist between those who had physical education in high school and those who did not, those who had a woman teachingr high school physical education classes and those who had a man, those who took physical fitness tests and those who did not, those who attended parochial high schools and those who did not, those from small towns and those from cities, those who had physical education two hours or less a week and those who had physical education four hours or more a week, and those from Iowa and those from other states. 相似文献
5.
Viviene A. Temple Jeff R. Crane Amy Brown Buffy-Lynne Williams Rick I. Bell 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2016,21(3):268-280
Background: Developmental theorists suggest that physical activity during early childhood promotes fundamental motor skill (FMS) proficiency; and that differences in FMS proficiency are largely related to children's experiences.Aim: To examine associations between participation in different types of recreation/leisure and FMS proficiency of boys and girls in their first year of school. We hypothesized that there would be positive associations between FMS proficiency and participation in organized sport, physical activities, and active physical recreation; but not for other types of recreation/leisure.Method: Participants (n?=?74) were kindergarten children (Mage?=?5y11?m; boys?=?55%). Parents completed the diversity dimension of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) survey. The CAPE measures children's participation in everyday activities outside of mandated school activities in the past four months in five types of formal and informal activities, specifically: Recreational activities, Physical activities, Social activities, Skill-Based activities, and Self-Improvement activities. Two categories of activities were also reported: Organized Sport and Active Physical Recreation. Locomotor and object control skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 and static balance was assessed using a stork stand. Sex-based differences in motor skills and participation were examined using chi-squared analyses. Correlation coefficients were used to examine relationships between motor skills and CAPE sub-domains and categories. Linear regression was used to examine whether the type of activity predicted motor skill proficiency and the reverse.Results: There were no sex-based differences in locomotor skills; whereas boys' object control skill scores were significantly higher than girls, and girls' stork stand scores were higher than boys'. Although there were no sex-based differences in the more active categories of recreational pastimes; girls participated in significantly more formal and informal dance and the prevalence of participation in team sports was significantly higher for boys. For boys, participation in physical activities predicted both locomotor and object control skill scores, organized sport predicted object control skills, and active recreation predicted stork stand times and object control skill scores. These relationships were not evident among the girls.Conclusions: These findings illustrate that young children participate in a narrower array of physically active recreational pursuits compared with less active pursuits. There were notable sex-based differences in the relationships between participation and motor skill proficiency. For girls, none of the associations between recreational pastimes and motor skill proficiency were significant. This suggests that the motor proficiency of girls, as assessed in this study, is neither a precursor to, nor an outcome of, participation in active recreational pastimes. Contrastingly, the findings for boys support theory that suggests that physical activity is driving the acquisition of particular types of motor skills. Less active recreational activities were not associated with motor skill levels of boys, whereas each of the more active categories of recreational pastimes (active recreation, physical activities, and organized sport) predicted at least one sub-type of motor skill. It also seems clear from our findings that more light needs to be shed on how to optimally portray young girls' motor skill proficiency; as well as the relationships between their participation and motor skills. 相似文献
6.
Martin S. Hagger Nikos Chatzisarantis Stuart J.H. Biddle 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):711-725
The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of self-efficacy and past behaviour on young people's physical activity intentions using an augmented version of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour. We hypothesized that self-efficacy would exhibit discriminant validity with perceived behavioural control and explain unique variance in young people's intentions to participate in physical activity. We also expected that past physical activity behaviour would attenuate the influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy on intention. The sample comprised 1152 young people aged 13.5 - 0.6 years (mean - s ) who completed inventories assessing their physical activity intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy and past physical activity behaviour. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour achieved discriminant validity. Furthermore, the measures of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy were significantly related to their respective belief-based measures, supporting the concurrent validity of the measures of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A non-standard structural equation model demonstrated that attitude and self-efficacy were strong predictors of physical activity intention, but perceived behavioural control and subjective norms were not. Self-efficacy attenuated the influence of attitudes and perceived behavioural control on intention. Past behaviour predicted intention directly and indirectly through self-efficacy and attitude. The present findings demonstrate that young people with positive attitudes and high self-efficacy are more likely to form intentions to participate in physical activity. Furthermore, controlling for past physical activity behaviour revealed that the unique effects of self-efficacy and attitudes on young people's physical activity intentions were unaltered. 相似文献
7.
8.
The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of self-efficacy and past behaviour on young people's physical activity intentions using an augmented version of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour. We hypothesized that self-efficacy would exhibit discriminant validity with perceived behavioural control and explain unique variance in young people's intentions to participate in physical activity. We also expected that past physical activity behaviour would attenuate the influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy on intention. The sample comprised 1,152 young people aged 13.5 +/- 0.6 years (mean +/- s) who completed inventories assessing their physical activity intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy and past physical activity behaviour. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour achieved discriminant validity. Furthermore, the measures of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy were significantly related to their respective belief-based measures, supporting the concurrent validity of the measures of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A non-standard structural equation model demonstrated that attitude and self-efficacy were strong predictors of physical activity intention, but perceived behavioural control and subjective norms were not. Self-efficacy attenuated the influence of attitudes and perceived behavioural control on intention. Past behaviour predicted intention directly and indirectly through self-efficacy and attitude. The present findings demonstrate that young people with positive attitudes and high self-efficacy are more likely to form intentions to participate in physical activity. Furthermore, controlling for past physical activity behaviour revealed that the unique effects of self-efficacy and attitudes on young people's physical activity intentions were unaltered. 相似文献
9.
青少年体育活动中的目标定向和自我决定理论: 年龄和性别的差异 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：11
以英格兰824名初中生为调查对象,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况.研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉.与此一致的结果是男生比女生更喜爱体育活动.对男生来说,自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉是参加体育活动的正相关预测指标,而任务定向和无动机与体育活动参与没有关系.对女生来说,任务定向和能力知觉能够积极预测体育活动参与情况,而自我定向和无动机与体育活动的参与有负相关关系. 相似文献
10.
通过文献资料、逻辑推理等方法,对当前体育课程模式的实效性分析,旨在探讨提高体育教学的实效性增强学生体质健康。提出：要正确对待学生兴趣与体质健康细节,并通过理论培养兴趣;通过理论贯通实践培养兴趣;通过及时回馈培养兴趣;通过学校体育优势培养兴趣;对学生和教师的考核指标要明确来增强体质健康从而提高体育教学的实效性。 相似文献
11.
Barbara L. Drinkwater 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):575-580
Abstract An attitude inventory was developed for the purpose of determining the attitudes of high school girls toward physical education as a career for women. Likert's technique of scale construction was selected for use in this study. Statements covering aspects of the physical education profession as they apply to women were prepared according to recommended criteria. Each statement was subjected to statistical analysis in order to eliminate those which were ambiguous or which had poor discriminatory power. Following the use of the split-half method for determining reliability, the statements were divided into two equivalent forms of the inventory. 相似文献
12.
José Devís-Devís Vicente J. Beltrán-Carrillo Carmen Peiró-Velert 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(3):361-380
This paper explores socio-ecological factors and their interplay that emerge from a qualitative study and influence adolescents' physical activity and sport participation. A total of 13 boys and 7 girls active and inactive adolescents, from years 12 and 13 and different types of school (state and private), participated in semi-structured interviews. It followed a purposeful sampling selection from participants who participated in a previous larger study on physical activity levels. Findings highlight the influence of personal and social interplay, such as perceived competence, obesity and teasing from peers, and new social demands and personal preferences in adolescents' (dis)engagement in physical activity and sport. They also stand out how social and environmental factors affect their participation, such as family, boy/girlfriends, physical education and rural/urban places of residence. These factors appear to have an important impact on the construction of (in)active identities during late adolescence. Policy makers, exercise professionals and educators should be aware of these factors in order to improve health promotion strategies and social policies. Some recommendations are also indicated in the paper. 相似文献
13.
业余体育参与因子对大学生特质焦虑的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
房蕊 《西安体育学院学报》2006,23(1):127-130
采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)中的特质焦虑量表(T-AI)和自编大学生业余体育参与调查问卷,对212名大学生进行测查,并对数据进行偏相关及回归分析,探讨大学生业余体育参与持续时间周、频度次、时间分、强度4个因子对特质焦虑的影响。结果显示,排除其他因子的影响后,持续时间周、强度与特质焦虑均呈显著性负相关,时间分与特质焦虑呈显著性正相关,频度次与特质焦虑无线性关系。持续时间周、时间分、强度因子对预测特质焦虑做出了贡献,三者能解释特质焦虑4.9%的方差。 相似文献
14.
Zan Gao Yuanlong Liu Ken Lodewyk Tao Zhang Maria Kosma 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(3):155-167
The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of outcome likelihood, outcome value, and outcome expectancy using data collected from students in secondary school physical education classes. Dependent measures were examined for construct, concurrent, and predictive validity, as well as internal and temporal reliability. The results of the investigation indicated the following. First, confirmatory factor analyses for the dependent variables (outcome likelihood, outcome value, outcome expectancy) revealed a suitable fit of the data with a hypothesized factor structure. Second, significant associations between these variables and other personal beliefs and values provided sound evidence for the concurrent validity of outcome likelihood, outcome value, and outcome expectancy. Third, results of regression analyses revealed that outcome likelihood and outcome value had strong predictive validity in predicting physical activity behaviors. Finally, the internal reliabilities of self-report scales for the outcome likelihood, outcome value, and outcome expectancy over a three-semester period were satisfactory. The temporal reliabilities were also acceptable. 相似文献
15.
Wayne B. Brumbach 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):211-213
Abstract This study was designed to compare concepts of the course “Physical Education” as held by incidental samples of 119 major students, 46 area teachers, and 283 area high school students. Communication content analysis procedures indicated six basic purpose orientations: (a) physical fitness; (b) sports-games; (c) total development; (d) social adjustment; (e) recreation; and (f) enjoyment. Various chi-square comparisons identified the existence of only one significant difference. That real difference occurred between the college–teacher group and the high school group: the majority (58%) of the college-teacher group gave “total development” as the purpose of physical education, while the students (100%) identified physical fitness and sports-games as the main purpose. In fact, 80% of the high school group claimed that the only purposes of physical education were to develop physical fitness and to learn and play sports-games. 相似文献
16.
浙江省大学生课外体育活动状况及相关问题研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
通过问卷调查和统计分析对浙江省高校学生课外体育活动的状况、参与课外体育活动的态度及影响体育活动开展的主要因素进行分析研究，结果表明，浙江省高校课外体育活动的开展总体较好，学生自主性程度较高，但在体育物质资源的存量与结构方面仍存在一定问题。 相似文献
17.
18.
John G. Van Vorst Janet Buckworth Craig Mattern 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):113-117
Abstract The criteria generally accepted for constructing attitude scales were followed in the construction of each of these two scales of attitude toward physical education. Standards of equivalence were also set up and followed in “equating” the two forms. The forms are proposed for use in appraising attitude changes resulting from brief experiences such as listening to a talk on physical education, watching a demonstration, viewing a film, or taking part in some activity. The two thirty-statement forms are given at the end of the article. 相似文献
19.
The measurement of physical activity in young children 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
M Noland F Danner K DeWalt M McFadden J M Kotchen 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1990,61(2):146-153
Two studies were conducted to determine the validity of various measures of physical activity in young children. In Study 1, 21 preschool children were utilized to explore how well measures of children's activity obtained from parents, teachers, and the children predicted observed behavior at school and in the home. Study 2 (n = 51 preschool children) focused on the predictive validity of the Caltrac motion sensor. In both studies, detailed minute-by-minute ratings of children's activity in Study 1 were generally ineffective in predicting observed physical activity. Children's activity preferences, however, were significantly related to the proportion of high intensity physical activity performed. In Study 2, there was a significant relationship (r = .86, p less than .0001) between Caltrac readings and observed physical activity. This correlation was similar for boys and girls, normal and overweight children, and younger and older children. These findings suggest that the Caltrac monitor may provide a valid index of individual differences in physical activity in young children. 相似文献
20.
As inactivity and obesity levels continue to rise, calls are being made for sport development action to be further directed towards capitalising on the value of community participation for health and social benefits. This paper seeks to highlight a current disconnect between physical activity and sport management research, and identify opportunities for collaboration. To date, the sport management literature has predominantly focused on sport as a form of entertainment with spectatorship outcomes, where professional codes are a commonly used setting of research inquiry. There has been less focus on organisational issues related to participation in sport and recreation. This is identified as a gap, given the current push towards increasing focus on sport and recreation promotion for community wellbeing. The present paper sought to examine physical activity and sport management research, to identify commonalities and potential for integration and co-operation. The outcome of this review is a conceptual framework, integrating socio-ecological models, taken from physical activity research, and sport development concepts derived from sport management theory. The proposed conceptual framework seeks to provide sport management researchers with direction in their efforts to promote participation in sport, recreation and physically active leisure domains, particularly for community wellbeing purposes. Furthermore, such direction may also enhance the capacity of researchers to capitalise on opportunities for collaboration and integration across domains of inquiry. 相似文献