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1.
The deep economic, social, technological and cultural changes in Europe represent a real challenge for teacher education. The teacher's role is becoming more complex and demanding, while the expectations of society are rising. Teachers are expected not only to enable optimal development of increasingly heterogeneous groups of pupils, but also to mitigate the effects of social inequality. All this requires qualitative changes in pre-service and in-service teacher education. In this regard, the transition from school/university to professional life — the induction period and early career years — requires special attention. In this phase, a fruitful synthesis of theory and practice can occur if novices are systematically introduced and supported by good mentoring in the transition from study to school life and culture, but a ‘practice shock’ is also possible during which many positive effects of pre-service education are lost. Our aim is to identify some principles and optimal solutions that would foster teacher's professional development in this important phase of their career. 相似文献
2.
The social status of teachers is one of the indicators reflecting the significance attached to education in each culture. This study found that teachers in Taiwan enjoy a relatively higher occupational prestige and an overall greater satisfaction with their jobs than their international counterparts. These outcomes may be attributed to the favourable policies in teacher education and schooling operations adopted by the Taiwanese government over past decades. The roots of these policies are in the cultural, historical and political development of the Taiwanese society. The Chinese cultural tradition, Japanese colonisation and Nationalist rule have all played a role in forming the relatively high social status of teachers in Taiwan. However, as Taiwan has been undergoing major political and cultural transformations in recent years, the policies and public perceptions of teaching may change accordingly; therefore the social status of teachers in Taiwan remains to be closely observed. 相似文献
3.
This study explores teachers' personal practical knowledge and curricular-instructional gatekeeping as they relate to the teaching of contemporary controversial public issues in Taiwan (e.g., national identity, sovereignty, and ethnic issues). Using a case study design, this study documents how six social studies teachers make curricular decisions about teaching controversial public issues by making use of their personal practical knowledge. Findings illuminate that personal practical knowledge plays a role in teacher's curricular-instructional gate keeping in socially divisive contexts. In sum, this study, refracted through the national context of Taiwan, helps us understand the relationship between a teacher's own imaginative worldview, their sense of personal and professional identity, and their classroom teaching practices. 相似文献
4.
新课程改革对小学教师角色提出了新的要求,但由于社会、学校和教育部门以及教师自身等方面的原因,在实践教学中,小学教师并没有扮演好这些"理想"角色,造成了教师角色冲突.为了缓解教师角色冲突:首先,社会对教师要有一个正确、合理的认识;其次,学校和教育部门要为教师提供专业成长的支持,以及要改善教育评价体系;再次,教师自身要加强... 相似文献
5.
Arnold J Kukari 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2004,32(2):95-110
This study examines the interaction between indigenous culture and modern religious practices of teaching and learning, and how this contributes towards shaping the preconceptions of teaching, learning, a teacher's role(s), students as learners, and knowledge of three secondary school pre‐service teachers who were just commencing their teacher education program at the only university educating teachers for post‐primary and post‐vocational educational institutions in Papua New Guinea. Data were obtained through a semi‐structured interview questionnaire. Data analysis revealed a dialectical and a mutually constitutive relationship between cultural and religious practices of teaching and learning. This made a significant contribution towards the construction of the three secondary school pre‐service teachers' preconceptions. These practices defined and fashioned the perceptions of teaching and learning the three pre‐service teachers held prior to becoming students of teaching. 相似文献
6.
《理论付诸实践》2012,51(3):212-220
This article describes Basil Bernstein's theory of the pedagogic device as applied to school music instruction. Showing that educational practices are not personal choices alone, but the result of socio-political mandates, the article traces how education functions as a vehicle for social reproduction. Bernstein called this process the recontextualization of knowledge: From its point of inception, originally conceived knowledge undergoes changes through selection and filtration processes, eventually becoming curriculum—a relay for certain social and cultural values. Gaps in the recontextualization process allow teachers to place their own individual stamp upon the learning and teaching that occur in their classroom. Teacher–pupil interactions, guided by school-internal processes, lead to school knowledge that is further reproduced by the pupils in particular ways. A teacher's awareness of socially conditioned and habitual patterns of preference and behavior (habitus) may be key to making socially inclusive and emancipatory instructional choices. 相似文献
7.
Kay Livingston 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(2):218-232
The pace of change in today's society means that there is an ongoing need for teachers to learn, have new knowledge and use new pedagogical approaches to meet the needs of their pupils. For many teachers, this requires redefining their identity as teachers and what ‘teaching’ means in 21st century learning environments. These changes also require teachers to be supported in learning to ‘teach’ in different ways that are relevant to their own individual needs and to the contexts in which they work throughout their career. In this article, it is argued that a more integrated and collaborative approach to teacher education is needed with better understanding of those who take up the roles of teacher educator across a teacher's career. With a particular emphasis on ‘teacher educators’ working in school to support teachers' career-long professional learning it is argued that currently many do not recognise themselves as teacher educators nor are they recognised by those they work with as teacher educators. Drawing on an empirical study carried out with mentors in schools in Scotland, it is suggested that these teacher educators may be ‘unrecognised’ and remain ‘hidden professionals’ because of the identities they construct for themselves, the values and priorities that they or others attach to their roles or because of the institutional structures and cultures in which they work. It is concluded that it will be difficult to recognise and value these ‘hidden teacher educators’ and the distinctive contribution they can make to teachers' career-long professional learning without further clarification by them and others of the roles and responsibilities they hold. 相似文献
8.
Stefano Bertone Sébastien Chaliès Jacques Méard 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2006,34(2):245-264
The purpose of this study was to characterise the development of a preservice physical education teacher's professional activity over the course of training interactions with her co‐operating teacher. The student teacher's professional development was studied using a hermeneutic and inductive approach based on the analysis of data from observation and self‐confrontation interviews. The results showed that the preservice teacher's conceptions regarding her teaching developed despite communication difficulties with her co‐operating teacher and that she constructed new knowledge—at times without her co‐operating teacher's awareness—even when she disagreed with him. However, the student teacher's classroom activity did not always change as a result of this new knowledge. The self‐confrontation interviews revealed her construction of knowledge, as well as the reasons for disagreement and her resistance to changing her classroom action. 相似文献
9.
Birgitte Malm 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(4):397-412
In this study, occupational life histories of Montessori teachers in Sweden have been constructed in collaboration with a group of them. Data exploration and analysis have included journals, interviews, written reflections and conversations. Of interest has been to shed light on underlying values, ways in which professional roles reflect personal values and teachers' reflections on the present and future perspectives of Montessori education. Life histories make it possible for each individual teacher to be presented in the light of his/her own personal attributes and unique qualities as well as in relation to a wider (historical, cultural) context. The overall aim has been to come to a better understanding of what it means to be a Montessori teacher, by getting a group of Montessori teachers to reflect on their lives and work. Valuable insights have been gained concerning the changing roles of teachers in contemporary educational settings. 相似文献
10.
寻找失落的知识分子精神——论教师的知识分子精神的式微与重建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
知识分子意味着对社会的关注与价值的承担。在社会意识层面上将教师看作知识分子的典型代表,古今中外历史上都不乏教师的知识分子精神的显现,只是伴随着学校与社会生活的区隔以及专业主义意识的兴起,才使得教师失去了“社会思想者”的精神气质。要重建教师的知识分子品性,应当从教育价值观和教育评价机制等层面入手。 相似文献
11.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》1995,11(2):163-172
This paper deals with forms and functions of storytelling by teachers in an Israeli comprehensive school staffroom. The main function of these stories is to present to the teachers themselves the teachers' views on teaching, and especially some features of the image of the ideal teacher. The ideal teacher believes in the important value of control. He or she should be able to establish control by being practical, and using “professional knowledge”. This professional knowledge has three main sources: the teacher's own experience; his or her colleagues' experience; and his or her creativity. The stories in the staffroom create images of the ideal teacher and socialize teachers to these images. 相似文献
12.
教师实践性知识研究已成为研究者关注的热点,运用教育叙事,以一位小学教师为个案,从自我知识、学科教学知识、学习者的知识和情境知识等方面展示其实践性知识发展的真实状况。个人的教育信念、原有的受教育背景和生活经验、教学反思的意识、学习方式的转变和学校文化的创设等是影响小学教师实践性知识形成与发展的深层次原因。研究启示,教师实践性知识的生成离不开日常教学生活、教学反思以及教师学习共同体的建立。 相似文献
13.
Much of teacher knowledge research in teacher education has focused on Western views of teacher knowledge. By reporting on a case study of an immigrant Chinese language teacher's personal practical knowledge in teaching secondary school students, this paper presents an Eastern view of teacher knowledge, and illustrates how knowledge and identity are entwined. The study found that an immigrant teacher's awareness of her identity and her cultural heritage had a profound influence on shaping her personal practical knowledge and teaching practice. The paper suggests that more cross-cultural studies be undertaken to further our understanding of teacher knowledge. 相似文献
14.
《Education 3-13》2012,40(4):417-431
This paper presents the findings of an investigation of student teachers' changing perceptions of educational practice following a teaching placement in France, Germany, Spain and Italy. Up to 900 primary languages, student teachers annually have spent a 4-week teaching placement in a partner country as an integral part of their initial teacher education programme. The aims of the bilateral experience were to improve students' subject knowledge as well as to offer opportunities to enhance their professional understanding through comparing practice in two distinct cultural settings. This study draws from both qualitative and quantitative data gathered from 122 postgraduate certificate in education student teachers who were following the primary language route at Canterbury Christ Church University and Liverpool Hope University. The findings show that through reflection and analysis of the differences and commonalties in the diverse cultural contexts, students develop a greater understanding of their professional role and a deeper insight into their own values and beliefs about pedagogy. Their acceptance of taken-for-granted norms is challenged during the bilateral placement, as they encounter new approaches to differentiated learning, teaching and learning strategies and teacher/pupil relationships, thus enhancing their levels of critical engagement with educational practice. 相似文献
15.
Eunice Mthethwa-Kunene Rian de Villiers 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):1140-1165
This study explored the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and its development of four experienced biology teachers in the context of teaching school genetics. PCK was defined in terms of teacher content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and knowledge of students’ preconceptions and learning difficulties. Data sources of teacher knowledge base included teacher-constructed concept maps, pre- and post-lesson teacher interviews, video-recorded genetics lessons, post-lesson teacher questionnaire and document analysis of teacher's reflective journals and students’ work samples. The results showed that the teachers’ individual PCK profiles consisted predominantly of declarative and procedural content knowledge in teaching basic genetics concepts. Conditional knowledge, which is a type of meta-knowledge for blending together declarative and procedural knowledge, was also demonstrated by some teachers. Furthermore, the teachers used topic-specific instructional strategies such as context-based teaching, illustrations, peer teaching, and analogies in diverse forms but failed to use physical models and individual or group student experimental activities to assist students’ internalization of the concepts. The finding that all four teachers lacked knowledge of students’ genetics-related preconceptions was equally significant. Formal university education, school context, journal reflection and professional development programmes were considered as contributing to the teachers’ continuing PCK development. Implications of the findings for biology teacher education are briefly discussed. 相似文献
16.
Maria Poulou 《Teachers and Teaching》2013,19(6):555-574
In a context where the role of the teacher and teacher education are undergoing considerable change, the role of educational psychology in teacher preparation is discussed within a new framework. Educational psychology is now perceived as an inherent component within teacher training and professional development, having previously been an additional course and often considered irrelevant to teaching practice. The current paper discusses the relationship between educational psychology and teacher preparation. Educational psychology's contribution to teachers' professional development is delineated through the constructs of teachers' prior beliefs about teaching, reflective practice and self‐efficacy, while its contribution to the improvement of teacher–pupil interaction is viewed through the lenses of instruction theories, social and emotional learning, special educational needs and classroom management. It is argued that through a productive dialectic dialogue between educational psychology and education, educational psychology provides the knowledge defined by its field to be utilized by teachers, whereas at the same time, teachers gain a wider reconceptualization of their practice. 相似文献
17.
Eva Gannerud 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):55-70
The study presented deals with the work and lives of women primary school teachers in relation to gender order in school and society. The study is based on interviews with 20 experienced women teachers. The results are presented as six themes. (i) Consequences of a teachers' sex in their daily work. At a general level, they understand their professional role as gender neutral, but at the same time they express the importance of their sex in their daily work. (ii) Mother and teacher - teacher and mother, experiences of motherhood and of teaching as work and the meaning of a professional attitude. (iii) Balancing the demands of private life and work life where both spheres are characterised by rationality of responsibility and ethics of care, aspects related to gender. (iv) On socio-emotional work, connected to women in the gender order of society. The teachers describe these dimensions as energy sapping and time consuming, but also as most important for work satisfaction and personal motivation. (v) Informal collegial interaction, a source of emotional support as well as development of professional knowledge. (vi) Power, authority and status. Low status views of the teacher and teaching are described in terms of 'women's work'. In an individual perspective, the woman teacher is in a contradictory situation with regard to positional authority. Their emotional work promotes creation of a relational authority. To the teachers themselves gender seems not to be a very important issue, but gender regimes in schools follow the same pattern as in society. Women teachers seem to be in a position where they reproduce, rather than change, traditional gender patterns. 相似文献
18.
In recent decades, many educational reforms have been implemented that aim to effect a change in teachers’ and pupils’ roles by promoting meaningful learning. Yet, little is known about how teachers perceive these roles as a part of their professional belief system. In this study, 68 Finnish comprehensive school teachers were interviewed. The data were content analysed. The results showed that teachers recognised the importance of facilitating pupils’ active role in learning, but still mostly considered pupils as passive in school practices. Moreover, teachers perceived pupils as active educational participants most often outside the classroom, in informal school settings. Correspondingly, teachers described themselves primarily as knowledge transmitters in pupils’ learning. In their professional community, teachers perceived themselves mostly as reproducers of knowledge instead of facilitators of learning. There was also variation between the teachers as well as within a single teacher’s beliefs. 相似文献
19.
在专业型教师教育中,实践智慧是赋予教师的教育服务以专业性品格的最高论据。专业社会服务产于社会分工,它是由特定人员为社会提供的一种社会必需的领域性服务。教育实践智慧具有稍纵即逝性、情景依存性,它不可能成为教师发展的目标,不可能为教育服务的专业化转变提供牢固支点。教育实践智慧寓于教师文化、发展于教师文化之中,其效能取决于教师文化系统。关注教师文化是教师面向社会构筑其专业教育服务的实践保证。 相似文献
20.
Louis Foley 《The Educational forum》2013,77(1):53-58
Producing high-quality teachers should be a shared goal and a shared endeavor -between those who prepare teachers in universities and those who support teachers’ learning in schools. Yet, teacher education has been portrayed more as a dichotomy than a continuum of lifelong learning, beginning with the preservice teacher and continuing throughout an inservice teacher's career. When schools and universities work together, especially in professional development school -contexts, this goal can be actualized. 相似文献