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This qualitative longitudinal study observed the strategy process of several Spanish banks at the turn of the century, where the industry was undergoing a structural transformation due to the threat of Internet banking. We develop a model of organizational learning informed by an integration of findings from a qualitative study with theoretical perspectives from the strategy, knowledge creation, and learning literatures. The model is then used to compare and contrast the different learning processes that led these banks to the development and implementation of diverse Internet banking strategies, and to draw preliminary conclusions regarding the potential relationships between the learning processes used, the strategies chosen, and their performance outcomes. 相似文献
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On-line learning is an asynchronous computer-based learning mode that allows learners to learn anytime and anywhere in their own environment using information and communication technology. It can be considered as a way to bridge the digital gap. How a computer novice performs in such virtual and asynchronous learning environments is an interesting issue in human–computer interaction research. This paper presents the results of a study to investigate on-line learning performance and computer anxiety for unemployed adult novices. In this study, we propose a novel idea that integrates the concept of Shannon entropy into a grey relational analysis model. The proposed method was used to measure human information behavior in relation to on-line learning performance and computer anxiety. A total of 115 unemployed adults voluntarily participated in the experimental study. All experimental subjects were divided into groups according to individual differences in gender, age ranges, educational levels, and learning performances. Taking advantage of the grey relation entropy operation, we derived the perceptive correlations among different classified groups in terms of the accessibility of on-line learning and computer anxiety scales, respectively. Through the empirical study, certain on-line learning characteristics were also identified. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2020,57(2):102180
Search task success rate is an important indicator to measure the performance of search engines. In contrast to most of the previous approaches that rely on labeled search tasks provided by users or third-party editors, this paper attempts to improve the performance of search task success evaluation by exploiting unlabeled search tasks that are existing in search logs as well as a small amount of labeled ones. Concretely, the Multi-view Active Semi-Supervised Search task Success Evaluation (MA4SE) approach is proposed, which exploits labeled data and unlabeled data by integrating the advantages of both semi-supervised learning and active learning with the multi-view mechanism. In the semi-supervised learning part of MA4SE, we employ a multi-view semi-supervised learning approach that utilizes different parameter configurations to achieve the disagreement between base classifiers. The base classifiers are trained separately from the pre-defined action and time views. In the active learning part of MA4SE, each classifier received from semi-supervised learning is applied to unlabeled search tasks, and the search tasks that need to be manually annotated are selected based on both the degree of disagreement between base classifiers and a regional density measurement. We evaluate the proposed approach on open datasets with two different definitions of search tasks success. The experimental results show that MA4SE outperforms the state-of-the-art semi-supervised search task success evaluation approach. 相似文献
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The present study compares the relative effects of two training methods on learner's computer self-efficacy and learning performance in WWW homepage design. A field experiment was conducted by employing two classes of 10th graders. Results indicated that the behavior modeling training method yielded consistently superior performance and higher computer self-efficacy as compared with the instruction-based approach. Subjects with various learning styles performed substantially different in some learning tasks. The significant two-way interaction indicates the critical roles that gender and learning style played in interacting with training method. For learning performance, male students benefited more from the instruction-based and female students learned better in the behavior modeling condition. Concerning computer self-efficacy, female students gained more from the instruction and male students benefited more from behavior modeling approaches. For different learning style students, there exists a best-fit training approach. In addition, the best-fit training approach is task dependent. These results suggest that each individual training method has its unique merit to meet designated training objectives for learners with specific traits. Future research directions conclude the paper. 相似文献
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市场导向、学习导向对组织绩效作用的影响——以产品创新为中介变量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
一些研究表明,市场导向或学习导向对创新型组织的绩效有着显著影响。虽然这些研究能增深我们对企业创新过程的了解,但并不能确定市场导向和学习导向对创新与组织绩效作用的相对大小。将这两个基本战略导向整合到一起,将其对产品创新和组织绩效的相对作用大小进行评估和比较。研究发现,学习导向的潜在影响要大于市场导向。这对高层管理人员更深入地了解不同组织文化类型(如市场文化、学习文化)与组织绩效水平之间的不同相关程度,以及在此基础上更有效地分配和利用企业战略资源具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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产品创新是一个“发明+商业化”的过程。为得到较高的产品创新绩效,企业不仅需要良好的新产品开发绩效（发明）做支撑,还需要在新产品的商业化过程中,具有相匹配的创新成果转化绩效。基于此,文章以知识基础观和理性行为理论为理论基础,探讨企业新产品开发绩效与创新成果转化绩效之间的偏离,即产品创新绩效偏离对双元学习平衡和互补的影响,并引入企业家导向这一企业产品创新过程中的关键情境要素,分析其对偏离和双元学习平衡或互补之间关系的调节作用。利用国内257家制造业企业的有效问卷数据检验理论模型,研究结果显示：（1）偏离负向影响双元学习的平衡,正向影响其互补;（2）当企业的新产品开发绩效大于或等于创新成果转化绩效,即偏离为正时,企业家导向加强了正偏离与双元学习平衡之间的负向关系,削弱了正偏离与双元学习互补之间的正向关系;（3）当企业的新产品开发绩效小于创新成果转化绩效,即偏离为负时,企业家导向削弱了负偏离与双元学习平衡之间的负向关系,加强了负偏离与双元学习互补之间的正向关系。 相似文献
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考察了出口涉入程度和出口市场环境、出口企业市场驱动型组织学习以及新产品绩效之间的关系。基于对220家制造型出口企业的问卷调查,结果显示具有更高出口涉入程度、在竞争强度更大的出口市场上经营的企业倾向于更多从事市场驱动型学习活动;市场驱动型学习对出口市场上新产品绩效具有显著的正向影响;相比之下,顾客驱动型组织学习对新产品绩效的改善作用更为明显。研究为我国制造型出口企业基于市场导向的组织学习战略执行、改善产品创新绩效和出口绩效提出了管理上的启示意义。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(4):570-579
The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the relationship between the social capital accumulated among network members and the performance of learning networks in terms of their ability to enhance knowledge sharing among network members. A network level perspective guided the sampling strategy adopted for this survey involving 150 members of 16 European learning networks. Hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modelling were employed to investigate the inter-relationships between dimensions of social capital and knowledge sharing in learning networks. The results reveal that social interaction and cognitive social capital are positively and significantly related to knowledge sharing in learning networks. Social interaction is also shown to play an important role in the development of shared vision and shared language (i.e. cognitive social capital) in learning networks. This paper sheds further light on the inter-relationships between different dimensions of social capital from a network (rather than firm) level perspective, and contributes to emerging theory on the antecedents to, and assessment of, performance in learning network entities. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103149
This paper develops a cooperative federated reinforcement learning (RL) strategy that enables two unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to cooperate in learning and predicting the movements of an intelligent deceptive target in a given search area. The proposed strategy allows the UAVs to autonomously cooperate, through information exchange of the gained experience to maximize the target detection performance and accelerate the learning speed while maintaining privacy. Specifically, we consider a monitoring model that includes a search area, a charging station, two cooperative UAVs, an intelligent deceptive uncertain moving target, and a fake (false) target. Each UAV is equipped with a limited-capacity rechargeable battery and a communication unit for exchanging the gained experience. The problem of maximizing the detection probability of the uncertain deceptive target using cooperative UAVs is mathematically modeled as a search-benefit maximization problem, which is then reformulated as a Markov decision process (MDP) due to the uncertainty nature of the problem. Because there is no prior information on the targets’ movement, a cooperative RL, is utilized to tackle the problem. The proposed cooperative RL-based algorithm is a distributed collaborative mechanism that enables the two UAVs, i.e., agents, to individually interact with the operating environment and maximize their cumulative rewards by converging to a shared policy while achieving privacy. Simulation results indicate that a cooperative RL-based dual UAV system can noticeably improve the target detection probability, reduce the detection performance, and accelerate the learning speed. 相似文献
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形成性评价被认为能有效地提升学习表现,但在课堂实践中这种评价方式的展开却存在各种问题。因此,对形成性评价的本质探讨以及对其实施过程的研究需要进一步加强,以期能为教学过程提供更加有效的评价手段。本文通过理论分析、梳理总结,发现形成性评价的目的在于促进学习,其实施主体包含教师和学生,并以过程为导向;另外,实施该评价的方式包含：提高学生学习参与性、提供课堂示范、提供反馈和采取学生评价。 相似文献
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企业部门间关系对组织学习能力和绩效的影响是当前组织学习领域需要研究的重要问题。本文主要探讨企业部门间关系如何对组织学习能力和绩效产生影响。我们关注的部门间关系包括部门间目标一致性、部门间建设性争论和部门间心理安全。本文认为,部门间目标一致性能够使各部门更有意愿分享各自拥有的信息和知识;部门间建设性争论使各部门更有能力进行有效的互动和思考;部门间心理安全则会促使各部门能够更无顾虑地相互分享和探讨,形成更好的工作氛围和更多的知识交流活动。因而,这三种部门间关系都会对组织学习能力和绩效产生积极的影响。本文通过调查我国企业获得的272个样本统计分析表明,这三种部门间关系都对组织学习能力都有显著正向影响,而且以组织学习能力为中介来影响组织绩效。本文从企业部门间关系的新视角探索了影响组织学习能力的因素,丰富了组织学习理论;同时本文提出的管理实践中改善优化部门间关系从而提升组织学习能力的相关措施,也具有实践意义。论文最后还对今后研究的改进提出了若干建议。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2022,59(2):102821
People often search for information in order to learn something new. In recent years, the “search-as-learning” movement has argued that search systems should be better designed to support learning. Current search systems (especially Web search engines) are largely designed and optimized to fulfill simple look-up tasks (e.g., navigational or fact-finding search tasks). However, they provide less support for searchers working on complex tasks that involve learning. Search-as-learning studies have investigated a wide range of research questions. For example, studies have aimed to better understand how characteristics of the individual searcher, the type of search task, and interactive features provided by the system can influence learning outcomes. Learning assessment is a key component in search-as-learning studies. Assessment materials are used to both gauge prior knowledge and measure learning during or after one or more search sessions. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of different types of assessments used in search-as-learning studies to date. The paper makes the following three contributions. First, we review different types of assessments used and discuss their potential benefits and drawbacks. Second, we review assessments used outside of search-as-learning, which may provide insights and opportunities for future research. Third, we provide recommendations for future research. Importantly, we argue that future studies should clearly define learning objectives and develop assessment materials that reliably capture the intended type of learning. For example, assessment materials should test a participant’s ability to engage with specific cognitive processes, which may range from simple (e.g., memorization) to more complex (e.g., critical and creative thinking). Additionally, we argue that future studies should consider two dimensions that are understudied in search-as-learning: long-term retention (i.e., being able to use what was learned in the long term) and transfer of learning (i.e., being able to use what was learned in a novel context). 相似文献
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Many Web sites have begun allowing users to submit items to a collection and tag them with keywords. The folksonomies built from these tags are an interesting topic that has seen little empirical research. This study compared the search information retrieval (IR) performance of folksonomies from social bookmarking Web sites against search engines and subject directories. Thirty-four participants created 103 queries for various information needs. Results from each IR system were collected and participants judged relevance. Folksonomy search results overlapped with those from the other systems, and documents found by both search engines and folksonomies were significantly more likely to be judged relevant than those returned by any single IR system type. The search engines in the study had the highest precision and recall, but the folksonomies fared surprisingly well. Del.icio.us was statistically indistinguishable from the directories in many cases. Overall the directories were more precise than the folksonomies but they had similar recall scores. Better query handling may enhance folksonomy IR performance further. The folksonomies studied were promising, and may be able to improve Web search performance. 相似文献
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随着我国与世界的交流愈发频繁,英语作为一架不可或缺的桥梁,愈发地受到社会、学校等多方面的重视。对学生而言,对其进行需求分析是教师组织教学的必要环节。本研究通过问卷调查和访谈的形式,对成都市第46中学的72名高三学生,针对英语学习中的问题、能力、先修课程、解决办法等相关因素进行调查,以了解高三学生对课堂英语学习的需求,旨在将此需求分析结果应用于具体教学目标中,做到因材施教。 相似文献
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创新开放度与创新绩效之间的关系是创新管理领域研究的热点问题,但已有研究在创新开放度如何影响企业创新绩效获取上的机理分析仍不够深入和综合。本文以新创企业为研究对象,引入组织学习和制度环境两个重要变量,构建起全新的理论模型,研究创新开放度、组织学习和制度环境对新创企业绩效的作用机制,并采用多元回归分析等方法对354份有效问卷进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:创新开放度、组织学习、制度环境均对新创企业绩效有正向影响;创新开放度对组织学习有正向影响;组织学习对创新开放度与新创企业绩效的关系起正向调节作用;制度环境对创新开放度与新创企业绩效的关系起正向调节作用;制度环境对组织学习与新创企业绩效的关系起正向调节作用。 相似文献
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Online learning environments facilitate improved student learning by offering IT tools to enhance student productivity- and creativity-in-learning. COVID-19 impacted social-distancing measures forced an abrupt switch to online learning in most universities, putting immense pressure on the students to creatively adapt to new ways of online learning. Despite the purported positives of online learning, in the COVID-19 scenario, students reported mixed outcomes. While some students could adapt to the ‘new normal’, others struggled to adjust to the transformed IT-enabled learning scenario. Grounding our work in IT mindfulness literature, we posit that an IT-enabled learning environment may have differential impact on students’ productivity- and creativity-in-learning, depending on the extent of their IT mindfulness. Besides leveraging the mindfulness-to-meaning theory, we hypothesize the mediating role of techno eustress in the relationship between student IT mindfulness and learning effectiveness. We test the theorized model through data collected via a two-wave survey in a university student population exclusively using IT-enabled learning environments during the pandemic lockdown period. Results indicate that IT mindfulness has significant positive relationships with both productivity- and creativity-in- learning. Moreover, these relationships are mediated by the students’ techno eustress perceptions. Theoretical and practical implications arising from our study are also discussed. 相似文献
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技术创新是企业发展的核心动力。但是，技术创新是否会提升公司绩效？目前理论界存在着相悖的观点。基于组织学习顺序视角，采用纵向对比案例研究的方法，分析技术创新过程中不同的组织学习顺序对企业绩效提升的路径。研究结果表明：不同成长阶段的不同组织学习方式均能够促进技术创新对公司绩效的提升作用；但四种组织学习方式在技术创新的过程中扮演着不同的角色，从而对企业绩效产生不同的影响。处于探索阶段和成长阶段的企业，“播种型”的学习顺序可能更具优势；而在快速发展阶段，企业采用“咨询型”和“增强型”的组织学习在技术创新过程对提高公司绩效方面没有太大差异。因此，在企业的发展过程中，应根据处于不同的发展阶段选取不同的组织学习顺序与技术创新相匹配，才能提高企业的绩效。最终，在此基础上建立了技术创新、组织学习顺序对公司绩效影响的理论框架模型。研究结论对丰富组织学习的相关理论以及指导企业科学进行技术创新，从而提高企业绩效具有指导意义。 相似文献