共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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深地科学实验涉及粒子物理、核物理、天体物理、生命科学、地球科学和深部岩体力学等多个学科的重大前沿领域。深部地下科学与工程实验室是进行这些研究的重要的基础设施和研究平台,并促进学科间的交叉和融合。深地实验室可提供许多精确实验要求的极低宇宙线本底环境和极低背景噪声环境,以及地下工程、深地资源开发等领域研究要求的高地应力、高地温、高渗透压等深地极端条件的环境。近年来国际上深地实验室的发展十分迅速,并不断向越来越深的地下发展。我国四川省的锦屏山隧道群具有得天独厚的地理优势,是建设大型深地科学与工程实验室的理想场所。我们应当抓住这一重大历史机遇,科学规划,分步实施,建设国家深地科学与工程实验室,并在条件成熟时向国际开放,争取实现我国深地科学与工程技术研究的一次飞跃。 相似文献
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近年来，被子植物起源和早期演化研究，由于手段和技术的更新，资料大量积累，取得了许多重要进展，成为植物学领域的一大热点。本文对过去近五十年的研究作了回顾，并从分子系统学、分支系统学、花原基发生的形态学、花发育的分子遗传学及白垩纪花和其它生殖结构化石研究等五个方面对该领域在最近十几年的研究进展进行综述，最后，对今后如何开展这方面的工作作了简要评论。 相似文献
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由于电子密度分布、激励功率、气压等因素的影响，等离子体天线参数（增益、方向图等）通常难以求解。本文利用时域差分建立电磁波沿等离子体天线激励和传播的模型，得到不同参数（如激励功率、碰撞频率、等离子体迟豫时间、每个电子对所需能量）对等离子体轴向电子密度分布的影响，解释了不同激励情况下电子密度的线性和非线性分布，并解决了信号沿等离子体天线传播的波矢分布、辐射方向图的求解问题。 相似文献
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文章将高能天体物理学的内容局限在以下范围:(1)研究的天体限制在黑洞、中子星、超新星遗迹和γ射线暴;(2)研究的手段限制在对X射线和γ射线空间观测。然后描述了高能天体物理学的研究进展和意义,近期国内外发展和我国的未来规划,包括战略目标、有关科学计划和空间项目。最后提出了我国未来相关研究领域发展的策略和措施建议。 相似文献
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Ankeny RA 《Endeavour》2003,27(2):87-92
The history of science tends to be recounted as a story of progress from early goals and discoveries to a unified outcome, in some sense implicit from the beginning, and often due to technological advances. The sequencing of the human genome is no exception. As a crucial part of the Human Genome Project, the history of genomic sequencing is typically presented as a direct result of the discoveries of the structure of DNA and its coding function, together with practical factors such as the development of techniques which made large-scale sequencing possible. However, the history of sequencing is inevitably a more complicated story, not only about molecular biology, but also about the evolving culture of scientific practice at the end of the 20th century. 相似文献
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Hepeng Jia 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(1):171
In recent years, Chinese scientists have achieved significant progress in paleontological discoveries and scientific studies. Series of studies published in top journals, such as Science, Nature and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), have astonished the world by presenting beautiful fossils that furnish robust evidence to enrich the understanding of organismic evolution, major extinctions and stratigraphy. It has been portrayed as the heyday in the paleontology of China. What is the status of the field? What factors have caused the avalanche of fossil discoveries in China? What implications can these new discoveries provide for our understanding of current evolution theories? How, given their significant contribution to the world''s paleontology scholarship, can Chinese scientists play a due leadership role in the field? At an online forum organized by the National Science Review (NSR), its associate editor-in-chief, Zhonghe Zhou, asked four scientists in the field as well as NSR executive editor-in-chief Mu-ming Poo to join the discussion. Jin Meng Paleobiologist at American Museum of Natural History Mu-ming Poo Neurobiologist at Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shuzhong Shen Stratigrapher at Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shuhai Xiao Paleobiologist and geobiologist at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Zhonghe Zhou (Chair) Paleobiologist at Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP), Chinese Academy of Sciences 相似文献
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While basic research in the natural sciences can generate discoveries with great promise to improve human health, advancing these discoveries from bench to bedside through clinical trials is a major challenge requiring individuals to possess a specific set of skills and prior experience. The ability to translate—especially between basic and applied research—and to bridge these two areas is likely to be key. We call skills that encompass both basic and applied research horizontal skills; experience in diverse fields, such as both cancer and diabetes, is termed vertical experience. We develop a framework to define and differentiate between horizontal skills and vertical experience and discuss how they separately and jointly impact the success of turning discoveries into products. Drawing on data from 3,889 clinical trials, we find that both qualities matter for publicly funded and industry-funded trials but with nuanced differences. Our results suggest that the likelihood of success increases when the investigators who lead trials have a balanced set of skills in both basic and applied science independent of the funding source. In both types of trials, investigators who possess vertical experience were found to reduce the success probability of clinical trials. However, investigators in industry-funded trials are able to alleviate this effect if they possess basic research skills or horizontal skills. Our paper uncovers context specificities in terms of how horizontal skills and experience in multiple fields, as well as their interplay, relate to translational success. 相似文献
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内存数据库中恢复技术研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文从内存数据库的定义入手,讨论了影子内存这种物理组织方式,并在此基础上给出了一般恢复机制模型,探究了内存数据库中的具体恢复技术,比如记日志、检验点、重装等。这些恢复技术与传统的恢复技术有较大的不同。 相似文献
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物理学在20世纪取得了巨大的进展,对物质微观结构的认识实现了3次重大的跨越,粒子物理的成就为其顶峰。世纪之交的中国粒子物理学,应当面向世界科学前沿,结合中国的国情,认真制订中国粒子物理的发展战略。在国内充分利用BEPCII进行粲物理精确测量前沿的研究,同时选择有特色的非加速器物理实验,如粒子天体物理实验、宇宙线观测、中微子物理实验等。我们应大力加强国际合作,重点搞好LHC实验,并积极部署大型直线对撞机的国际合作。高能物理研究基地还应当积极为其它学科提供先进手段和大型平台。 相似文献
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The important role of ionized atoms and molecules in many aspects of physical and chemical phenomena is being increasingly recognized. Typical research areas are astrophysics and interstellar molecular syntheses; plasma physics and fusion research; aeronomy and effects of ultraviolet irradiation on high atmosphere constituents; ion-molecule reactions; mass spectrometry; fundamental research on structural problems; behaviour of excited species; quantum theory of molecular structure and chemical kinetics. This paper emphasises the role of the autoionization process and discusses some of its characteristics, as well as the experimental methods used for its study. 相似文献
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Joseph Padovan 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1975,300(5-6)
The formal symbolic approach is generalized to handle laminated and singly connected anisotropic thermoelasticity problems incorporating the possibility of both deterministic and nondeterministic exciting fields. For example, symbolic operators are developed for the mean as well as higher order statistical moments (variance, covariance, etc.). The generality of the results is such that statistically homogeneous as well as non-homogeneous ensembles of space and time “histories” can be handled. 相似文献
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本文阐述了科学发现史中的“碰撞现象”,分析了“碰撞现象”的特点及变化趋势,探讨了由“碰撞现象”引发出来的科学发现权之争问题,并提出了几点思考。 相似文献
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As university involvement in technology transfer and entrepreneurship has increased, concerns over the patenting and licensing of scientific discoveries have grown. This paper examines the effect that the licensing of academic patents has on journal citations to academic publications covering the same scientific research. We analyze data on invention disclosures, patents, and licenses from the University of California, a leading U.S. academic patenter and licensor, between 1997 and 2007. We also develop a novel “inventor-based” maximum-likelihood matching technique to automate and generalize Murray's (2002) “patent-paper pairs” methodology. We use this methodology to identify the scientific publications associated with University of California patents and licenses.Based on a “difference-in-differences” analysis, we find that within our sample of patented academic discoveries, citations to licensed patent-linked publications are higher in the three years after the license, although this difference is not statistically significant. We then disaggregate our sample into (a) patented discoveries that are likely to be used as “research tools” by other researchers (based on the presence of material transfer agreements (MTAs) that cover them) and (b) patented discoveries not covered by MTAs. Citations to publications linked to licensed patents in the latter subset (not covered by MTAs) are higher for publications linked to licensed patents, and this difference is statistically significant. In contrast, licensing of patented discoveries that are also research tools is associated with a reduction in citations to papers linked to these research advances, raising the possibility that licensing may restrict the flow of inputs to “follow-on” scientific research. 相似文献
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《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2022,6(4):276-285
The study aims to explore whether internationalization by state-owned enterprises is a curse or blessing in the context of aspirant industrial economies, such as China. What do state-owned enterprises' global production aspirations, such as outward foreign direct investment, bring into their home country? To answer this question, this study proposes a unique, co-evolutionary perspective of the state-driven industrialized economy by leveraging insights from economic discoveries such as Adam Smith's wealth of nations, David Ricardo's comparative advantage, and Michael Porter's competitive advantage. This view suggests that an outward foreign investment strategy may likely provide state-owned enterprises with access to resources and advanced production technologies, enhance innovation capabilities, gain more competitive advantage, and achieve superior performance, thus leading to spillover effects on their home country's wealth, comparative advantage, and competitiveness. This study discusses China's grand policies, economic performance, and successful cross-border industrial acquisitions. 相似文献
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重大科研成果按年龄分布是威布尔分布,为什么？本文构造了一个具有技术（技能）进步效应的最优增长模型,其中社会计划者基于科研成果消费的最大化将科研产出的一部分作为资源投入给代表性科研人员,尝试性地解释了这一分布规律,包括分布形态和峰值后移现象,并结合科技史对模拟结果进行了一些讨论。科研生产率的年龄分布规律并非完全是一种生理现象,资源配置和社会承认在很大程度上影响了科研产出按年龄的分布。 相似文献
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Spinello RA 《Ethics and Information Technology》2004,6(1):29-42
The primary theme of this paper is the normative case against ownership of one's genetic information along with the source of that information (usually human tissues samples). The argument presented here against such "upstream" property rights is based primarily on utilitarian grounds. This issue has new salience thanks to the Human Genome Project and "bio-prospecting" initiatives based on the aggregation of genetic information, such as the one being managed by deCODE Genetics in Iceland. The rationale for ownership is twofold: ownership will protect the basic human rights of privacy and autonomy and it will enable the data subjects to share in the tangible benefits of the genetic research. Proponents of this viewpoint often cite the principle of genetic exceptionalism, which asserts that genetic information needs a higher level of protection than other kinds of personal information such as financial data. We argue, however, that the recognition of such ownership rights would lead to inefficiency along with the disutility of genetic discoveries. Biomedical research will be hampered if property rights in genes and genetic material are too extensive. We contend that other mechanisms such as informed consent and strict confidentiality rules can accomplish the same result as a property right without the liabilities of an exclusive entitlement. 相似文献