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我国公共图书馆地方立法文件数量日益增多,立法文件质量明显提高。公共图书馆地方立法快速发展主要是由公共图书馆所处的外部法治环境和内部实践机理等多重因素综合作用的结果。本文通过对公共图书馆地方立法的发展历程、地域分布、立法规定等分析,发现地方立法以公共图书馆事业发展为基础,以现实问题为导向,为国家层面立法积累经验,为依法治馆提供有力保障。当前,公共图书馆地方立法面临着一些亟待解决的现实问题,未来应当进一步加强公共图书馆地方立法工作,切实推进公共图书馆地方立法的科学化、民主化和规范化建设。 相似文献
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Elizabeth Shepherd Alice StevensonAuthor VitaeAndrew FlinnAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2010
In many democratic states political rhetoric gives weight to increasing public participation in and understanding of the political process; (re)-establishing public trust in government decision making; increasing transparency, openness, and accountability of public authorities; and, ultimately, improving government decision-making on behalf of citizens. Access to the public record and freedom of information (FOI) are mechanisms which help to facilitate the accountability of public authorities. Many jurisdictions have introduced legislation related to these mechanisms, and the UK government is no exception with its enactment of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) in 2000. University College London (UCL) ran a research project over 12 months in 2008–2009, funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council. The research project examined what the impact of the UK FOIA had been on records management services in public authorities, especially local government. This article reports on some of the findings of the study. It considers how FOI compliance and records management functions are organized in local government and the role of information governance which is emerging as an umbrella for such functions. It draws some conclusions about the contributions that records management services make to the ability of local authorities to comply with the FOIA and identifies some ways in which user experience may be affected by the management of records. 相似文献
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章士钊是近代中国有影响的报刊活动家,同时也是政治活动家和知名大律师。从苏报案到陈独秀案,他的言论自由观经历了从无意识到有明确理念、从强调言论自由的个人权利到重视言论自由的政治取向的发展过程。章士钊的言论自由观以自由主义理论为基础,以个人权利为核心,体现了近代报人言论自由认识的较高水平。其言论自由观的演变对于我们认识言论自由意识在近代中国的发展有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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杰斐逊的新闻自由思想是其民主思想体系的重要组成部分,它具有内在一致性:思想和实践的一致。英、美历史文化背景对杰斐逊实践其新闻思想产生了重要的影响,是其新闻思想和实践统一的主要原因。 相似文献
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从党内到党外,第二国际既保障反对观点,又坚持为所有人争取平等的新闻自由,始终没有以阶级的自由取代社会的自由。第三国际则努力以无产阶级的新闻自由取代资产阶级的新闻自由,且限制党内讨论、压制反对言论,积极为部分人争取新闻自由。由于无产阶级的新闻自由在实践中被替换为极少数无产阶级领导者的自由,所谓的多数人的自由最终沦为极少数精英的自由。由此,社会主义者的新闻自由理念则从民主主义演变为了精英主义。 相似文献
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How well has the UK FOI Act worked in practice now that it has been in force for 4 years? This article discusses how to measure the performance of FOI regimes. It presents the evidence on the performance of FOI in the UK measured against comparative data from Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Ireland, countries with access to information legislation and similar political systems. On a range of measures, the UK Act is found to have performed reasonably well, but it also suffers from problems common to all FOI regimes. The article concludes with some observations on what makes for a successful FOI regime, and how to measure it. 相似文献
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Michele Drohan 《期刊图书馆员》2016,71(3-4):212-220
This article examines key scenes and ideas portrayed in the film Spotlight and discusses related landmark Supreme Court cases as a reaffirmation of the value of a professional, free press in a democratic society. Based on actual events, the movie adaptation follows journalists from the Boston Globe (within an investigate unit with the actual name “Spotlight”) as they reveal one of the biggest scandals of the twenty-first century, the cover up of systematic abuse of children by priests; and go up against one of the most powerful institutions in the world, the Catholic Church. By giving a voice and a platform for the victims, and by meticulously researching the story, the film provides a clear and strong argument for the continued court protection of one of the United States’ founding principles: freedom of the press. 相似文献
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Katleen JanssenAuthor vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(4):446-456
This paper looks at the role of the European Directive on re-use of public sector information in the current trend towards opening up government data. After discussing the PSI directive, it gives an overview of current policies and practices with regard to open government data in the Member States. It is argued that the success of the open government data movement in some Member States can be related to the confusion or ignorance about the relationship between traditional freedom of information legislation and the re-use of public sector data. If future information policies decide to follow this trend, they should always ensure that existing rights on freedom of information are not harmed. 相似文献
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2011年新闻传播法研究,在新闻传播法制史研究、新闻立法问题研究、新闻(言论)自由问题研究、传媒与司法问题研究、新闻传播权利研究、新兴问题研究等6大方面取得了不少成果,但是也存在一定的缺陷,可谓收获与问题并存。 相似文献
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This paper investigates the cost and incidence of Freedom of Information (FOI) requests within councils in Scotland and in particular, the cost and incidence of requests which have been defined as ‘vexatious’ in order to investigate if the negative perceptions surrounding the cost and misuse of the legislation are justified. Additionally, the criteria and guidelines that councils are using to define ‘vexatious’ are also examined. The approach taken to the research in this study is a survey of the 32 councils in Scotland using freedom of information requests as the data collection method. 相似文献
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政府信息公开的国际经验与我国的现实选择——兼评《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论文结合《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》的内容,从立法体系、立法原则、法律监督和公开载体四个角度对比国际经验,对我国政府信息公开制度的实际问题和实现途径作一些初步的探讨。 相似文献
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印度独立后新闻自由政策的转折点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大家族财团控制着印度的报刊,政府与这些财团之间的矛盾主要表现为政府与财团报刊的冲突。英·甘地时期这种冲突逐渐加剧,在1975年的紧急时期达到顶点,英·甘地政府实行严格的新闻检查,压制新闻自由。紧急状态结束后,执政的人民党政府废除了新闻检查制度,恢复了新闻自由。 相似文献
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媒体批评政府和官员的限度,是衡量新闻自由程度的一个重要指标。通过对1912至1916年间《大公报》的言论栏目进行抽样分析,本文发现其时该报享有较高程度的新闻自由。根本原因有二:一是当时的国家-社会关系使得言论尚有自主空间;二是《大公报》的言论责任观使其立言尽可能公允清楚。 相似文献
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认识绝对的新闻自由可从两种意义层面去考察。本文综合辩证法原理认为,相对性和绝对性是新闻自由的两个属性,准确认识新闻自由相对性要同极端强调相对性而无视绝对性的相对主义诡辩论划清界限,要避免借新闻自由相对性走入精英主义新闻路线。另外,新闻自由的相对性要基于其绝对性才能存在。 相似文献
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在19世纪中期的英国,报刊作为第四等级与其他三个等级抗衡的力量得以充分的彰显。那么,在当时人们的心目中,作为第四等级的报刊应当享有怎样的政治与社会地位?当报刊被赋予这样的地位时,人们期待它能够起什么样的作用并扮演什么样的角色?本文通过英国报刊史上若干篇重要文献,包括1852年《泰晤士报》的两篇社论、19世纪英国报刊史两部专著,以及1855年《泰晤士报》主笔瑞夫《报刊》一文等,分析了19世纪中期的英国报刊史学家以及报人们是怎样理解第四等级报刊观念的。 相似文献
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法律是调控网络信息活动的一种重要手段。明确立法原则是建立网络信息活动法律调控体系的前提。指导网络信息活动立法的原则主要有：分散立法原则；虚实相依原则；宽严相济原则；内外结合原则。 相似文献
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言论自由与地方治理——以“彭水诗案”为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
“彭水诗案”是社会转型时期地方政府滥用公权侵犯公民言论自由的一例其型事件。本文详细剖析这一个案,首先指出:当地政府采取非理性态度对待政治民谣,与“法治”、“参与”、“稳定”等“善治”理念背道而驰。其次分析:网络时代公众个体传播力量需要正视。在此基础上,本文进一步认为:有效保障公民言论自由,能有效遏止地方政治的“类苏丹化”倾向,促使地方治理趋向“善治”。 相似文献
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本文对《信息网络传播权保护条例》(草案)中技术措施法律保护进行了总体评价,指出草案中对技术措施提供的法律保护存在一定的局限性,同时对草案中涉及技术措施保护的相关条款提出了一些修改建议。 相似文献