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1.
V. Thakur A. K. Anand U. Mukherjee D. Ghosh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):27-33
Appropriate therapeutic measures can improve the life expectancy of patients with ovarian malignancy. There has been a pressing
need for serodiagnostic assays to enable, the close patient monitoring. Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) has been described as a
useful marker in patient monitoring for ovarian malignancy. Keeping this in view, the present study was planned. 40 consecutive
female patients of ovarian carcinoma (mean age 52.4±10.7 years) were selected for serum CA125 analysis during the period of
year 1995–2001. The tumour marker concentration was compared with histologic types of ovarian tumour and the FIGO staging
of the disease. 25 healthy females (mean age 35.2–10.4 years) served as control. Mean serum CA125 concentrations in patients
with papillary serous adenocarcinoma(Mean±%CV 1571±121.5 U/ml) was much higher than patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma(775±78U/ml).
Mean serum CA125 concentration in endometrioid carcinoma was very high(2853±136 U/ml). The patient with clear cell carcinoma
however had shown moderate increase(60 U/ml). No correlation was found between serum CA125 concentration and the FIGO staging
of disease.
Quantitation of CA125 was most helpful in monitoring the response of treatment and followup of the patients after completion
of their treatment. Posttherapeutically its concentration showed more than 50% reduction in almost all (91.4%) patients (P<0.001).
Importantly these patients had also shown significant regression of the disease clinically and radiologically. 8.6% of patients
had shown static or increase in serum CA125 concentration which was associated with either clinically static or progressive
disease. Recurrence of the disease was noted in patients who had shown increase in serum CA125 concentration (biochemical
recurrence) in the followup
However, in our test population biochemical recurrence(increase in serum marker concentration) preceded the clinical or radiological
recurrence by an average of 6.5 months.
Kaplan meier survival analysis for evaluation of overall survival in our test subjects showed an overall survival of 32% at
one year and median survival of 9 months with confidence interval of 6.34 to 11.66. We conclude that serum CA125 is a useful
marker for monitoring the treatment and predicting an early recurrence of the disease in ovarian carcinoma patients. A study
in larger number of patients is needed to define its exact role in the management of the carcinoma ovary. 相似文献
2.
Emokpae M. A. Das S. C. Orok T. Mohammed A. Z. Hassan S. A. 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):62-66
This study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic performance characteristics of prostate specific antigen (PSA) by comparing
serum PSA value with histological findings in patients suspevted of having prostate cancer in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.
Nigeria. Clinical and Laboratory records were examined and collated for serum PSA values, together with histological findings
of biopsy specimen, clinical diagnosis, age of patients, and mode of presentation. The serum PSA values were determined by
ELECSYS 1010 autoanalysers Roche, Germany based on electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique. The results show that serum
PSA values increase with age in the assymptomatic non-cancer patients who came for medical check up but were within normal
limit. In prostatic disease conditions PSA values were raised in benign prostatic hyperplasia 35.957± 4.0315ng/ml, in undifferentiated
carcinoma 56.22±4.295ng/ml and adenocarcinoma >100ng/ml as compared to the normal range (0–4ng/ml). These cases were confirmed
by histological diagnosis. It is concluded that PSA evaluations is a sensitive marker for prostate cancer but because of various
other conditions that affect serum PSA concentration, other methods of investigations such as Digital Rectal examination,
Trans Urethral Ultra-Sonography and histological examination should be combined to confirm diagnosis. Prognosis of patients
will be better if early diagnosis is made. 相似文献
3.
In this study tumor markers CA 125, CEA and CA 19-9 were evaluated to assess the best tumor marker for epithelial ovarian carcinomas in diagnosis, prognosis and management. The results indicated that CA 125 is the best and the most superior marker today for the epithelial ovarian malignancies irrespective of the histologic type. CA 125 has the highest positivity rate in mucinous tumors compared to CEA and CA 19-9. Combined assay of either CEA or CA 19-9 or both along with CA 125 did not increase diagnostic sensitivity compared to sensitivity achieved by CA 125 alone for epithelial tumors of the ovary. Serum CA 125 concentration correlated well with pretherapy, stable course and recurrence of ovarian carcinoma. CA 125 could be used effectively for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of the ovarian malignancies as evident from long term follow up of adenocarcinoma ovary. 相似文献
4.
Karuvaje Thriveni Vijayalaxmi Deshmane Girija Ramaswamy Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(2):136-140
The human epidermal receptor-2/neu (HER-2/neu) oncogene encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. This molecule could have a diagnostic value since the extracellular domain of c-erbB-2 (HER-2) transmembrane is shed into the blood as a circulating antigen. The diagnostic value of serum HER-2/neu was calculated along with the conventional marker carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) at 85th percentiles. Serum levels of breast carcinoma antigens HER-2/neu, CEA and CA15-3 were determined in 175 normal individuals and 268 malignant patients. The soluble form of serum HER-2/neu, CEA and CA15-3 was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in control and breast cancer patients prior to treatment. Serum levels of the tested tumor markers HER-2/neu and CA15-3 and CEA were significantly higher in cancer patients compared to controls. At 85th percentile the sensitivity of HER-2/neu was 51.12 %; the specificity was 86.29 % and the overall accuracy was 64.56 %. The sensitivity of CA15-3 was 73.13 %; the specificity was 85.14 % and the overall accuracy was 77.88 %. The sensitivity of the combined testing was 82.84 %; the specificity was 73.71 % and the overall accuracy was 80.01 %. The sensitivity and the overall accuracy of combined testing were higher than those of HER-2/neu and CA15-3 testing single. The combined testing of HER-2/neu and CA15-3 can increase the sensitivity and overall accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis. The results of this study suggest that the use of multiple tumor markers may be employed as combination and at 85th percentiles to assess the prognosis. 相似文献
5.
The serum PSA is universally accepted as the useful and clinically relevant tumor marker for monitoring therapy and identifying
early recurrence in patients of carcinoma prostate throughout the world. However, application of serum PSA is limited to screening
for early adenocarcinoma prostate among males above fifty years of age.
Serum PSA concentration varies from one population to another in different parts of the world. Many groups of workers have
selected 4 ng/ml of serum PSA as upper limit of normal range without giving due consideration for age specific increase in
serum PSA. There is no single report available on normal decade wise age specific reference intervals for serum PSA in Indian
males.
The present study is undertaken to establish age specific reference intervals in healthy Indian males from 20–89 years belonging
to subpopulation of Andhra Pradesh from South India. Our results revealed lowest concentration of 95 percentile serum PSA
in Indian males compared to other populations globally. Contrary to this, healthy Afro Americans were found to have highest
concentration of serum PSA compared to all other populations. 相似文献
6.
K. Thriveni Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy Girija Ramaswamy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):57-60
Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cancer Antigen 15.3 (CA15.3) are the most common tumor markers in breast cancer patients.
Measurement of circulating tumor markers is a non-invasive quantitative method. Serum levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were studied
in female breast cancer patients prior to treatment. To evaluate the utility of these markers, 207 Breast carcinoma patients
belonging to all the stages were considered. Healthy age matched 75 female individuals formed the control group. The serum
levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results were taken and compared with
stages, tumor size, node and grade. The serum CA 15.3 levels were significant in all the study parameters whereas serum CEA
levels showed no significant changes with any of the parameters. Measurement of serum CA 15.3 levels showed significant correlation
(24.8%) with advanced stages and larger tumor sizes, whereas serum CEA levels did not show any significant correlation in
breast cancer patients prior to treatment. 相似文献
7.
P. K. Nigam A. Jain P. Goyal R. Chitra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):43-47
Heat stable fraction (HSF) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was evaluated as an adjunct to CA 125 as a tumour marker for epithelial
ovarian cancer in a follow-up study. In our study group 63.4% of patients had elevated HSF levels (≥10U/L) and 93.3% had elevated
CA 125 levels (>35U/mL). The sensitivity of CA 125 and HSF was 93.3% and 63.3% respectively. The decline in the activity of
HSF, over the pre-op levels was highly significant after the first (p=0.001) chemotherapy cycle and significant after the
second and third cycles (p<0.029). Thereafter, HSF activity was almost undetectable. The decrease in CA 125 levels over the
pre-op levels was significant after the first, second, third (p<0.001) and fourth (p<0.034) chemotherapy cycle. HSF can be
used alone or as an adjunct to CA 125 in screening and monitoring patients of ovarian carcinoma especially in remote areas
where sophisticated facilities are not available and in patients in which CA 125 levels are not raised preoperatively. 相似文献
8.
Fifty patients were evaluated for serum total PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen), free PSA (f-PSA), free/total PSA ratio (f/t
PSA ratio) and TPSTM (Tissue Polypeptide Specific Antigen). Fifty patients were clinically evaluated and categorized into BPH (benign prostatic
hypertrophy) and CaP (carcinoma prostate) with twenty-five in each category before the serological examination. Serum total
PSA concentration is elevated in 80% of BPH cases while it was elevated in all cases of CaP. With total PSA>10ng/mL, f/t PSA
ratio was not applicable. For TPSTM, a cell proliferation marker these values were 32% and 92% respectively. The advanced cases of CaP were reflected by the
pronounced elevations of PSA and TPStM while f/t PSA ratio was much below the cut-off limit (cut-off limit=0.14). The data suggest that whentotal PSA concentration
<10ng/mL, f/t PSA ratio plays a very important role in discriminating BPH and CaP. However, TPSTM can be used as a valuable adjunct in diagnosis and follow-up of prostate cancer patients, especially in differentiating benign
from malignant cases. 相似文献
9.
T. Malati G. Rajani Kumari P. V. L. N. Murthy Ch. Ram Reddy B. Surya Prakash 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):34-40
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) has emerged as the most applicable and important tumor marker for carcinoma prostate. In the
present study PSA was determined in serum of healthy subjects, patients of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and Carcinoma
Prostate (Ca−P) to evaluate its diagnostic efficiency in day to day management of prostate cancer patients and in differentiating
patients of early prostate cancer from those with BPH. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) revealed 2 ng/ml and
10 ng/ml cut off serum PSA level for BPH and untreated carcinoma prostate patients (Ca−P). An extremely significant increase
(P<0.0001) was observed in mean PSA concentration in BPH patients and adenocarcinoma prostate patients when compared to healthy
males. Clinical relevance of PSA was highlighted by a case study of cancer patient prior to any therapy till death. 相似文献
10.
T. Malati G. Rajani Kumari B. Yadagiri 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(2):224-233
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death in women. The incidence of this malignancy increases in women over the
age of 40. The overall five years survival is less than 30%, as most women present with advanced stage disease. Until recently,
detection of early stage ovarian cancer has been difficult since it is usually nonpalpable and asymptomatic. The definitive
diagnosis of an ovarian mass is a common problem in gynecologic patients with adnexal mass. The routine standard evaluation
for adnexal masses includes patient's history, physical examination, ultrasound and histopathological examination. These parameters
individually or in combination have little predictive value. The accuracy of diagnostic tools are of immense value and great
concern to practicsing Gynecologists and Oncologists. The clinical application of serum concentration of CA 125, AFP and hCG
is of great help not only as diagnostic aid but also in monitoring efficacy of any treatment modality like chemotherapy, radiotherapy
or surgical resection. Additionally, evaluation of tumor marker concentration helps in predicting early biochemical recurrence
and in prognostication in different types of ovarian malignancies. The ability to differentiate a malignant mass from a benign
pelvic mass pretherapeutically could be enhanced optimally by additional use of tumor markers such as cancer antigen CA-125,
alphafetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin in pre-and postmenopausal women. 相似文献
11.
Sharmila Upadhya Subramanya Upadhya D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(1):46-51
The study was designed to evaluate the significance of tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) in patients with histologically
proven ovarian and colorectal cancer following treatment along with CA125 (in ovarian cancer) and CEA (in colorectal cancer).
Patients were grouped as follows:
In patients with ovarian and colorectal cancer, the mean TPS levels were significantly higher in patients of group II compared
to group I. The percentage of patients above cut-off levels for TPS were 17.4% in group I and 95.5% in group II. Similar results
were observed with the mean levels of CA125. In colorectal cancer patients, the percentage of patients above cut-off levels
for CEA and TPS were 70% and 30% in group I and 100% in group II for both the markers. Our observations indicate that TPS
may be used as a common marker to indicate metastases in patients with ovarian and colorectal cancer. 相似文献
Group I | : Patients with stable disease |
Group II | : Patients with metastasis and relapse |
12.
Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in cord blood of male as well as female babies. The placental progesterone and estradiol up-regulate the synthesis and secretion of PSA in Placenta. This PSA is presumed to play a role in intrauterine growth of fetus by virtue of its proteolytic action on several substrates including insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-protein-3, insulin chains and Interleukin-2. This study was planned with the objective of correlating the levels of PSA in cord blood to gestation at delivery, the type of delivery and gender of the fetus. Fifty-seven cord blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord during delivery or mid-trimester abortion and analyzed for PSA using ‘Active PSA DSL-9700 ultra sensitive’ kit employing two-site immuno-radiometric assay principle and having a detection limit of 0.001 ng/ml. Mean PSA levels in cord blood were found to be 0.112 ± 0.027 ng/ml. The concentration of PSA in cord blood was found to be higher in case of higher gestational age, male baby and operative delivery. 50 % of cord bloods for female babies had PSA below detection limit (range <0.001–0.460 ng/ml), while all the male samples had detectable PSA (range 0.11–0.973 ng/ml). Higher Progesterone levels found in prenatal maternal blood in case of male babies may be responsible for the higher cord blood PSA. Mean cord blood PSA was 0.150 ± 0.150 ng/ml in forceps delivery and 0.078 ± 0.012 ng/ml in normal vaginal delivery. Forceps delivery causes much more stress and strain as compared to a normal vaginal delivery, resulting in increased levels of adrenal glucocorticoids, and therefore, higher cord blood PSA. 相似文献
13.
Dash P Pati S Mangaraj M Sahu PK Mohapatra PC 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(2):182-186
Now a days measurement of molecular forms of PSA has gained importance in clinical practice. Several studies have demonstrated
the production of PSA in female tissues, such as breast. The present piece of work has been undertaken with an objective to
estimate the relative proportion of the molecular forms of PSA in serum along with serum testosterone in benign and malignant
breast tumor cases and to analyze their association with the severity of the disease process 34 malignant and 26 benign breast
disease cases along with 33 healthy controls of same age group were enrolled in this study for evaluation. Serum testosterone
was measured by ELISA, whereas serum total PSA (TPSA) and free PSA (FPSA) were estimated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.
A significant rise of fasting plasma glucose along with prominent dyslipidemia was observed in breast tumor cases. Marked
rise in serum testosterone as well as TPSA and FPSA was documented in both benign and malignant breast tumor cases. Serum
testosterone revealed a significant positive association with both TPSA and FPSA pointing towards an etiological association
between them. However, surgical removal of tumor mass resulted in a marked decline of presurgical value of both TPSA and FPSA
with a non-significant fall in serum testosterone revealing tumor tissue as the source of FPSA and TPSA. Thus, estimation
of PSA provides prognostic information that may assist in future treatment. 相似文献
14.
Gülsen Yilmaz Fatma Meriç Yilmaz Mehmet Senes Dogan Yucel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):52-56
Serum tumor markers may be requested inappropriately by clinicians. In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the
appropriateness of TM requests in our hospital. Patients in the study were identified from the TM requests for 3 months between
June–August 2004, using the laboratory database. A total of 2249 patients (1351 men, 898 women) were included in the study
and there were 6570 TM requests. The number of requests were 1050 (16%) for Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9, 993 (15.1%) for Cancer
Antigen 125, 941 (14.3%) for Prostate Specific Antigen, 921 (14%) for free PSA, 925 (14.1%) for Cancer Antigen 15-3, 788 (12%)
for Alphafetoprotein, 730 (11.1%) for Carcinoembryonic Antigen and 222 (3.4%) for AFP/Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin. Our findings
support the idea that for the evidence-based use of TM requests the education of clinical staff is required. Clear clinical
guidelines including recommendations about the appropriate use of TM can be useful for this education process. Careful audit
studies are also useful to determine the impact of these guidelines on the practice of evidence-based laboratory medicine. 相似文献
15.
美国化学文摘(CA)的使用技巧 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简要介绍了美国《化学文摘》的收录内容及特点,结合实例图文并茂地讲解了CA on CD光盘数据库的使用。最后总结了该数据库的使用技巧,为广大师生更好地利用该数据库起到抛砖引玉的作用。 相似文献
16.
The present study deals with the evaluation and comparison of the tumor markers for prostatic carcinoma—The Total Acid Phosphatase
(ACP Total) and its Prostatic Fraction (ACP PF) estimated by the enzyme kinetic method, an immunoreactive Prostatic Acid Phosphatase
(PAP) and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) estimated by enzyme immunoassay. The comparison of all four markers revealed that
there was no perfect positive correlation between any of these four markers. PSA had shown a better correlation with ACP Total
and its prostatic fraction ACP PF. No correlation was observed between PSA and PAP. Of the four markers PAP exhibited a very
low sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values. PSA had shown an absolute specificity, sensitivity, positive and
negative predictive values for adenocarcinoma prostate. PSA levels in all phases of disease showed a 100% correlation with
disease status. Being a marker with very high tissue specificity and sensitivity, it is revolutionizing the diagnosis of prostatic
carcinoma. Hence, it could be used effectively for screening of elderly people over 50 years of age who are at high risk for
developing prostatic carcinoma for early diagnosis of this disease. 相似文献
17.
Subir Kumar Das Sowmya Varadhan L. Dhanya Sukhes Mukherjee S. Mohana V. Balakrishnan D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(1):60-64
Chronic pancreatitis, an irreversible inflammatory disease of the pancreas, is associated with the replacement of the destroyed
parenchyma by extended development of fibrosis. Despite marked progress in diagnostic tools, no consensus has been reached
in diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. In this study we examined the hematological and biochemical parameters among 40 chronic
pancreatitis patients within 18 to 67 yrs. ESR level and ALP activity was elevated in 40% cases. Serum amylase activity increased
in 32 patients and it showed significant correlation with ALP (r=0.458, p=0.003), CA-19.9 (r=0.556, p<0.001), and calcium
level (r=−0.472, p=0.002). Type IV collagen level in chronic pancreatitis also elevated (164.4 ± 55.5 ng/ml) and showed negative
significant correlation with calcium level (r= −0.505, p=0.001). However, no significant correlation was observed between
amylase activity and type IV collagen (r=0.289, p= 0.07). 相似文献
18.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the relation of retinol with lipid profile of patients with cancers of breast,
stomach, oesophagus, colon, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and cervix. Serum retinol was assayed in 120 patients and 40 healthy
normal control by reverse phase HPLC using CLC-ODS C-18 columns and retinyl acetate as an internal standard.
Significant decease in serum cholesterol and LDL was observed in patients with cancers of esophagus, colon, stomach, pancreas
and gallbladder respectively.
Retinol was reduced in all forms of cancers but pronounced decrease was observed in oesophagus, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach
and colon. Serum Retinol in all patients was directly correlated with total cholesterol and LDL. These findings suggest that
therapeutic modalities of this vitamin could be planned for these patients, as vitamin A is known to act as an antioxidant
for prevention of certain cancers. 相似文献
19.
Meera S. Ghadge Purva P. Naik Bijaynath P. Tiwari Ruprekha M. Hegde Tanaji J. Matale 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(1):97-99
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. Available staging procedures to detect breast cancer
are bone scan, chest X-ray, liver ultrasonography, computerized tomography, estimation of tumor markers like carbohydrate
antigen (CA15-3) and carcino embryonic antigen. These procedures are expensive and may not be required in all cases. Out of
70 patients studied, 55 had normal CA15-3 and 15 had elevated levels of Ca15-3. Eight (14.5%) of the 55 patients with normal
CA15-3 had abnormal bone scan. Fifteen patients had CA15-3 levels above the normal range and among these 9 (60%) had abnormal
bone scan. While prime facie it would appear that a high level of CA15-3 correlate with abnormal bone scan, it is also true
that the numbers are small at present and conclusions about the validity of CA15-3 as marker of bone metastasis may be premature. 相似文献
20.
R. Nalini C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia Purnima M. Makhija Sheila Uthappa 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):165-168
Prognostic factors influence the modality and course of therapy in breast cancer. These include both histopathological and
biochemical variables. This study was aimed to find out if any correlation exists between the biochemical tumor marker-serum
CA 15.3, and the lymph node staging of Nottingham’s Prognostic Index (NPI). It was observed that serum CA 15.3 showed a statistically
significant correlation with lymph node staging of NPI. Therefore it is concluded that CA 15.3 can be utilized as a useful
prognostic marker, particularly in cases where histopathological variables such as tumor size and grade have been altered
by pre-operative chemotherapy. 相似文献