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1.
Jeremy. P. Alexander Bartholomew Spencer Alice J. Sweeting Jocelyn. K. Mara Sam Robertson 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(15):1699-1707
This study investigated the influence of match phase and field position on collective team behaviour in Australian Rules football (AF). Data from professional male athletes (years 24.4 ± 3.7; cm 185.9 ± 7.1; kg 85.4 ± 7.1), were collected via 10 Hz global positioning system (GPS) during a competitive AFL match. Five spatiotemporal metrics (x-axis centroid, y–axis centroid, length, width, and surface area), occupancy maps, and Shannon Entropy (ShannEn) were analysed by match phase (offensive, defensive, and contested) and field position (defensive 50, defensive midfield, forward midfield, and forward 50). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that field position had a greater influence on the x-axis centroid comparative to match phase. Conversely, match phase had a greater influence on length, width, and surface area comparative to field position. Occupancy maps revealed that players repositioned behind centre when the ball was in their defensive half and moved forward of centre when the ball was in their forward half. Shannon Entropy revealed that player movement was more variable during offence and defence (ShannEn = 0.82–0.93) compared to contest (ShannEn = 0.68–0.79). Spatiotemporal metrics, occupancy maps, and Shannon Entropy may assist in understanding the game style of AF teams. 相似文献
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目的探究赛会制规则下中超联赛参赛球队攻防综合实力,并对队伍实力分布进行合理的档位划分,为评价赛会制下中超球队技战术水平提供参考。方法采用文献资料法、TOPSIS法、秩和比法和数理统计法对2020赛季中超联赛参赛队伍攻防技术指标表现进行分析。结果1)在进攻方面北京国安、广州恒大的进攻>0.6978,进攻实力较强。在防守方面上海上港、江苏苏宁的防守>0.6121,防守实力较强。2)在进攻指标上,进球数、控球率、关键传球、禁区内进球4项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。在防守指标上,抢断、失球2项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。3)根据攻防RSR值可将16支球队分为5个档次。江苏苏宁、广州恒大、北京国安、上海上港攻防RSR>0.7273,属于A档球队;天津泰达、青岛黄海攻防RSR<0.2906,属于E档球队。结论中超联赛强队与弱队在进攻指标上具有显著性差异,在部分防守指标上差异不明显。特殊赛制对本赛季中超参赛队伍排名产生一定影响。 相似文献
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亚、非足球队攻防技战术的比较 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对参加本届世界杯的亚、非九国足球队在比赛中的攻防技战术进行了比较分析，结果表明非洲球队所表现出的整体实力仍强于亚洲，其攻防技战术的整体性有所提高。亚洲球队两极分化，韩、日足球队的技战术水平明显优于中、沙两队，他们全攻全守的整体性打法，符合足球运动的发展方向，为我们提供了可借鉴的经验。 相似文献
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采用现场统计、数理统计、逻辑分析等方法,从运动员的年龄,及外线射门、中锋射门、防守反击、六打五攻防等技战术应用效果,分析全国男子水球冠军赛中各队伍的竞技能力的基本特征。结果显示：我国各男子水球队发展不平衡,各队整体实力差异明显,且各队的整体厚度不够,除广东队和上海队外,其余各队缺乏核心队员和技战术特色风格等;队员在技战术上不够细腻,控制比赛节奏能力还需进一步提高。中国男子水球队要整体发展提高,还需遵循水球运动的发展规律,加强人才培养及技战术训练实践和训练理念的改变,重视训练的科学化,积极探索水球运动的制胜因素,确立正确的指导思想。 相似文献
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One important factor for effective operations in team sports is the team tactical behaviour. Many suggestions about appropriate players' positions in different attack or defence situations have been made. The aims of this study were to develop a classification of offensive and defensive behaviours and to identify team-specific tactical patterns in international women's volleyball. Both the classification and identification of tactical patterns is done by means of a hierarchical cluster analysis. Clusters are formed on the basis of similarities in the players' positions on the court. Time continuous data of the movements, including the start and end points during a pass from the setter, are analysed. Results show team-specific patterns of defensive moves with assessment rates of up to 80%. Furthermore, the recognition of match situations illustrates a clear classification of attack and defence situations and even within different defence conditions (approximately 100%). Thus, this approach to team tactical analysis yields classifications of selected offensive and defensive strategies as well as an identification of tactical patterns of different national teams in standardized situations. The results lead us to question training concepts that assume a team-independent optimal strategy with respect to the players' positions in team sports. 相似文献
7.
Abstract One important factor for effective operations in team sports is the team tactical behaviour. Many suggestions about appropriate players' positions in different attack or defence situations have been made. The aims of this study were to develop a classification of offensive and defensive behaviours and to identify team-specific tactical patterns in international women's volleyball. Both the classification and identification of tactical patterns is done by means of a hierarchical cluster analysis. Clusters are formed on the basis of similarities in the players' positions on the court. Time continuous data of the movements, including the start and end points during a pass from the setter, are analysed. Results show team-specific patterns of defensive moves with assessment rates of up to 80%. Furthermore, the recognition of match situations illustrates a clear classification of attack and defence situations and even within different defence conditions (≈100%). Thus, this approach to team tactical analysis yields classifications of selected offensive and defensive strategies as well as an identification of tactical patterns of different national teams in standardized situations. The results lead us to question training concepts that assume a team-independent optimal strategy with respect to the players' positions in team sports. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):215-223
Abstract There is a need for a collective variable that captures the dynamics of team sports like soccer at match level. The centroid positions and surface areas of two soccer teams potentially describe the coordinated flow of attacking and defending in small-sided soccer games at team level. The aim of the present study was to identify an overall game pattern by establishing whether the proposed variables were linearly related between teams over the course of the game. In addition, we tried to identify patterns in the build-up of goals. A positive linear relation and a negative linear relation were hypothesized for the centroid positions and surface areas respectively. Finally, we hypothesized that deviations from these patterns are present in the build-up of goals. Ten young male elite soccer players (mean age 17.3, s=0.7) played three small-sided soccer games (4-a-side) of 8 minutes as part of their regular training routine. An innovative player tracking system, local position measurement (LPM), was used for obtaining player positions at 45 Hz per player. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate the proposed linear relation of the key variables. Correlation coefficients indicate a strong positive linear relation during a whole game for the centroid position in all three games, with the strongest relation for the forward-backward direction (r>0.94). For 10 out of 19 goals a crossing of the centroids in this direction can be seen. No negative linear relation was found for surface area (?0.01 < r<0.07). From this study, we concluded that over the course of a whole small-sided game, the forward-backward motion of the centroids is most strongly linearly related. Furthermore, goals show a specific pattern in the forward-backward motion of the centroid. Therefore, surface area and particularly centroid position may provide a sound basis for a collective variable that captures the dynamics of attacking and defending in soccer at team level. Future research should develop these ideas further. 相似文献
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Wouter Frencken Harjo de Poel Chris Visscher Koen Lemmink 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1207-1213
Abstract In soccer, critical match events like goal attempts can be preceded by periods of instability in the balance between the two teams' behaviours. Therefore, we determined periods of high variability in the distance between the teams' centroid positions longitudinally and laterally in an international-standard soccer match and evaluated corresponding match events. Position data were collected with AMISCO Pro®. Inter-team distance variability was calculated over a 3-s moving window. Out of the 242 match periods that exceeded the variability criterion, 51 were dead-ball situations. Match events identified through longitudinal inter-team distance primarily related to defending players moving forward-backward after a longitudinal pass. Match events identified through lateral inter-team distance mainly corresponded with defending players moving laterally following sideways passing. One of two goals and two of fourteen goal-attempts were preceded by a period of high variability. Together, periods of highly variable inter-team distance were associated with collective defensive actions and team reorganisation in dead-ball moments rather than goals or goal attempts. Inter-team dynamics quantified (mutual) reorganisation of the teams and marked teams' collective defensive ability to respond to attacking explorations. 相似文献
11.
Abstract In soccer, critical match events like goal attempts can be preceded by periods of instability in the balance between the two teams' behaviours. Therefore, we determined periods of high variability in the distance between the teams' centroid positions longitudinally and laterally in an international-standard soccer match and evaluated corresponding match events. Position data were collected with AMISCO Pro?. Inter-team distance variability was calculated over a 3-s moving window. Out of the 242 match periods that exceeded the variability criterion, 51 were dead-ball situations. Match events identified through longitudinal inter-team distance primarily related to defending players moving forward-backward after a longitudinal pass. Match events identified through lateral inter-team distance mainly corresponded with defending players moving laterally following sideways passing. One of two goals and two of fourteen goal-attempts were preceded by a period of high variability. Together, periods of highly variable inter-team distance were associated with collective defensive actions and team reorganisation in dead-ball moments rather than goals or goal attempts. Inter-team dynamics quantified (mutual) reorganisation of the teams and marked teams' collective defensive ability to respond to attacking explorations. 相似文献
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Michael J. Rennie Stephen J. Kelly Stephen Bush Robert W. Spurrs Damien J. Austin Mark L. Watsford 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1682-1689
ABSTRACT The current study aimed to describe the distribution of physical and technical performance during the different phases of play in professional Australian Football. The phases of play (offence, defence, contested play, umpire stoppages, set shots and goal resets) were manually coded from video footage for a single team competing in 18 matches in the Australian Football League. Measures of physical performance including total distance (m), average speed (m · min?1), low-speed running (LSR, <14.4 km h?1), high-speed running (HSR, >14.4 km h?1), accelerations (2.78 m · s?2) and decelerations (?2.78 m · s?2) were derived from each phase of play via global positioning system (GPS) devices. Technical skill data including tackles, handballs and kicks were obtained from a commercial statistics provider and derived from each phase of play. Linear mixed-effects models and effect sizes were used to assess and reflect the differences in physical and technical performance between the six phases of play. Activity and recovery cycles, defined as periods where the ball was in or out of play were also described using mean and 95% confidence intervals. The analysis showed that several similarities existed between offence and defence for physical performance metrics. Contested play involved the highest total distance, LSR, accelerations, decelerations and tackles compared to all other phases. Offence and defence involved the highest average speed and HSR running distances. Handballs and kicks were highest during offence, while tackles were highest during contested play, followed by defence. Activity and recovery cycles involved mean durations of ~110 and ~39 s and average speeds of ~160 and ~84 m · min?1, respectively. The integration of video, GPS and technical skill data can be used to investigate specific phases of Australian Football match-play and subsequently guide match analysis and training design. 相似文献
13.
运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、秩和比法等对进入第31届奥运会男子篮球决赛阶段的12支球队的攻防指标进行了研究。研究显示:在进攻端,美国、西班牙、澳大利亚、塞尔维亚4支球队排在前4名,中国男篮的进攻RSR值为0.21,在所有参赛球队中垫底。在防守端,西班牙、法国、克罗地亚、美国排在前4名,中国队的防守RSR值为0.35,列所有参赛球队的第11名。攻防综合方面,美国、西班牙、澳大利亚是表现最为出色的球队,中国男篮的攻防RSR值为0.13,在所有参赛球队中垫底。本届奥运会形成了美国男篮实力出众、欧洲球队整体实力强劲、大洋洲和非洲篮球进步明显、亚洲篮球远远落后于世界篮球的新格局。 相似文献
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冰球比赛的得分是通过射门实现的,射门技术情况能体现一个球队的进攻能力以及整体实力,更是能否赢得比赛的关键。通过对2014年索契冬奥会男子冰球半决赛、决赛射门技术情况的统计,发现：世界冰球强队队员射门技术中运用较多的依次是拉射、击射,运用较少的依次是弹射、垫射;射门有效率都不是很高,最高的加拿大队的射门有效率不过为74.19%,最低的是美国队射门有效率为70.96%;各队射门的位置绝大多数在前场区域,而很少部分在中场区和后场区。提示我们：在今后的训练中加强对垫射、挑射、弹射这三种射门技术的练习,并且需要提高射门的有效性。 相似文献
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This study examined the changes in external outputs, including metabolic power variables, and internal response whilst considering contextual factors on physical performance variables during rugby league match play. Physical performance (total distance, high-speed running and high-power distances, average metabolic power), heart-rate (percentage heart-rate peak and training impulse), collisions (attacking and defensive) and contextual (time in attack, time in defence, time out of play) data were collected from 18 rugby league players during 38 games throughout two National Rugby League seasons. Physical variables were highest in the first 10-min period of each half (P < 0.001). Heart-rate indices peaked in the second 10-min period and were lower during second half periods (P < 0.001). Few differences existed in collisions and contextual factors across 10-min periods. Physical variables were highest during the first 5-min period compared to the final (P < 0.001). There was no difference in heart-rate response, attacking collisions or contextual factors between these periods. Following the peak 5-min period in the match, there were reductions in physical, heart-rate, defensive collisions and contextual factors (P < 0.001). The data show temporal changes in physical performance, heart-rate response and collisions during rugby league match play, although these are affected by contextual factors. 相似文献
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CBA2016-2017赛季常规赛已经结束,通过数据分析法、逻辑分析法等对20支队伍在常规赛38轮的比赛数据(如攻防效率、主场优势、与季后赛队伍和非季后赛队伍比赛的差异、每节净胜分、逆转能力)进行统计分析。针对中国男篮在攻防效率,球队队员的心理承受能力及外援的引进等方面提出发展对策,旨在为CBA及中国男篮的发展提供理论参考。 相似文献
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目的了解当今世界篮坛的竞争格局及各队的整体实力,为我国竞技篮球发展提供参考。方法运用文献资料法、录像观察法、TOPSIS法、RSR法等对第18届篮球世界杯16强球队的攻防技战术指标进行分析。结果与结论1)在进攻方面,塞尔维亚、美国2队的进攻进攻能力较强(>0.67);在防守方面,澳大利亚、阿根廷、美国、西班牙4队的防守能力较强(>0.719)。2)在攻防综合能力方面,根据RSR值的大小可以将16支球队划分为5档。3)在进攻指标上,得分、助攻、投篮命中率、三分命中数、被侵犯5项指标在不同档次球队间存在极显著性差异(p<0.01),进攻篮板、投篮命中数、三分命中率3项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。4)在防守指标上,防守篮板、个人犯规、防守犯规3项指标在不同档次球队间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、录像观察法和数理统计法对2012赛季中超联赛前四名球队所有比赛的进攻、防守等数据,进行统计对比分析。研究结果表明每支球队各有各的风格,各项进攻和防守数据反映了各支球队的风格和打法;广州恒大和北京国安比较注重控球率,善于把握比赛的节奏,通过中前场的传递循序渐进地寻求进攻机会,高效的进攻和突破形成了很多前场任意球的机会;江苏舜天和贵州人和比较注重从整体稳固防守中积极运用快速反击打法,在快速的反击中寻求破门的机会,良好的下底传中意识和头球技术也给两队的胜利奠定了基础。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、录像观察、数理统计及对比分析等研究方法,对参加2015年男篮亚锦赛的16支参赛球队的攻防实力进行比较研究,同时对当前亚洲男篮的竞争格局进行深入地分析。结果表明:在2015年亚锦赛中,最终取得较好名次和成绩的男篮球队其进攻和防守实力均较强,攻防综合实力强的球队其整体实力也优于其它队伍。中国男篮的进攻和防守Ci均位列16支参赛球队的第1位,进攻和防守实力十分突出,且攻防综合实力也排在第1,球队的整体优势较为明显。此届亚锦赛16支参赛队伍的竞争格局可分为5个档次,中国男子篮球队的攻守综合实力最强,也是唯一一支属于第1档次行列的球队,同时菲律宾、伊朗、中华台北以及韩国等七支球队的整体实力也较强,且都处于第2档次行列。 相似文献
20.
中国、美国和挪威女子足球队技、战术打法特点的研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过对第27届奥运会中国、美国和挪威女子足球队之间比赛有效进攻配合及中前场丢球后防守方法与效果的统计、分析和研究，阐述了3个队在进攻和防守上的各自特点。 相似文献