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1.
认知神经科学通过将脑成像技术和认知心理学的实验范式结合起来,探索人类的行为的深层机制.大脑作为学习的主要器官,是认识神经科学的主要研究对象.认知神经科学关注学习所激活的脑区、神经回路以及激活的时程,从神经活动的层面上阐述学习的机制.大脑学习机制的阐明可以帮助教育工作者改进教学方法,为教育学奠定科学的基础.认知神经科学还...  相似文献   

2.
发展认知神经科学及其对当代教育的启示   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
发展认知神经科学是认知科学、神经科学、人类发展科学的重要交叉学科,是儿童发展研究新的增长点。成熟理论、技能学习理论、交互式特化作用理论是发展认知神经科学目前已形成的三大理论。发展认知神经科学关于神经高级功能的可塑性研究,为终身教育提供了科学依据;关于神经发育的研究,为早期教育提供了科学依据;对神经发育异常的研究,为特殊教育以及神经康复提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

3.
情绪和情绪调节越来越成为大家关注的一个研究领域。本文介绍了情绪和情绪调节的操作定义,提出情绪和情绪调节是相同的过程,并在此基础上提出了它们如何利用相同的过程以及影响情绪和情绪调节的因素。作为新生领域的感情神经科学也与情绪和情绪调节有联系,感情神经科学产生了一些最新的工具来研究情绪,但是这些工具有一定的局限性,我们在此基础上提出了未来研究的方向。  相似文献   

4.
近年来,随着文理科交融与多学科交叉的大力提倡和高速发展,认知科学与教育学领域都对儿童发展观的理解发生了深刻的改变,并且意识到了脑和教育相关的密不可分,"教育神经科学"这一新的学科也应运而生。情绪认知神经科学的新进展主要包括基本情绪脑环路、情绪与认知的交互作用、情绪障碍的神经机制等方面。情绪神经科学知识的掌握可以使教育的实践建立在更加科学的基础上,从而更好地建构课程情感教育目标、评价和教育内容。采用积极教育理念,加强情绪神经科学与教育学的双向交流,将脑科学的最新技术应用到师生互动的教学活动中,无疑是今后发展的方向。  相似文献   

5.
综观主要来自我国心理学界的认知神经科学研究工作及其重要成果,从认知行为的神经机制研究、认知行为心理学理论的神经科学研究、基于脑神经机理构建认知行为心理机制理论模型的研究这三个研究层面评述其对我国心理学发展的学术意义和研究贡献。文章指出,认知神经科学研究强有力地推动了我国心理学的发展,但其尚难以满足心理现象因果解释的要求,不能替代心理科学研究本身。心理学研究者掌握和运用认知神经科学研究方法和技术,旨在使其“服务”于心理学研究,从认知行为的脑神经机制的探索中获得启发而构建心理学理论,这是认知神经科学研究对心理学研究的真正学术意义之所在,目前我国心理学领域在这方面的研究相对不足应引起重视。  相似文献   

6.
教育神经科学是教育科学、认知科学、神经科学等学科知识与技能的高度整合,它是认知神经科学在教育领域的运用,它的兴起使得心理健康教育研究可以尝试通过神经活动来解释精神活动。  相似文献   

7.
最近几十年来,借助科技革命提供的先进设备和研究手段,神经科学获得了突破性发展.其中,视觉系统以其在动物和人类生命活动中的极端重要性,得到了神经科学研究者更为全面、深入的探究.视觉审美研究,应积极吸收其成果,以促进相关研究的有效深入.  相似文献   

8.
近三十年来,认知神经科学的兴起和发展,为我们打开心智的"暗箱",更进一步揭示道德的心智结构开辟了一条可行的路径。通过有关病例分析、反社会行为文献的梳理,分析了情感和认知在人类道德结构中的功能和联系;通过对神经成像学研究的分析,揭示了人类道德心智结构的神经物质基础和机制。  相似文献   

9.
神经精神分析学是一个在整合神经科学与精神分析学的基础上而形成的新兴的跨学科研究领域.神经精神分析学运用神经科学的方法与成果,试图检验、修正、扩展、完善弗洛伊德精神分析学,来实现对人类深层心理的动态研究.作为通过整合神经科学与精神分析学来理解大脑与心灵运动的神经精神分析学正处于起步发展的阶段,其所涉及的核心议题主要集中在意识问题、情绪问题、睡眠与梦问题这三大领域.神经精神分析学既是一个新兴的交叉学科,也是一场学术运动.神经精神分析学体现了科学精神与人文精神的融合统一,在总体上符合时代发展的必然趋势,具有积极的启示意义.  相似文献   

10.
教育神经科学是将心智、脑与教育联结起来为教育奠定科学基础的具有巨大发展潜力的新兴学科。目前,人们用多种术语来指称这个领域,如"心智、脑与教育"、"学习科学"、"教育神经科学"、"神经教育学"、"教育生物学"等,这些名称之间意义不同。教育神经科学将脑功能、脑结构与行为的研究结合起来,其研究方式包括科学研究、转化研究与实践研究。  相似文献   

11.
Disambiguating the components of emotion regulation   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Affective neuroscience and cognitive science approaches are useful for understanding the components of emotion regulation; several examples from current research are provided. Individual differences in emotion regulation and a focus on the context of emotion experience and expression provide additional tools to study emotion regulation, and its development, from a biobehavioral perspective.  相似文献   

12.
近十几年来,随着认知神经科学和脑功能检测技术的飞速发展,音乐与大脑之间的关系日渐引起神经科学家的关注。越来越多的研究表明,音乐学习和训练对人的影响不止于情感,它对脑的发育、认知发展确有一种积极效应。对这一问题的深入研究,不仅可以帮助人类解密大脑"黑匣",而且还能深化人们对音乐教育价值的认识,使音乐教育在更加广义的人类发展和人类潜能开发方面表现出更大的作为。  相似文献   

13.
情绪与记忆的关系很长时间以来都是当今认知神经科学研究的热点课题,对于情绪记忆的研究,研究者也提出了许多理论模型.目前已有大量的研究表明情绪刺激可以促进人们的记忆,但是对于情绪对细节信息的记忆的影响,已有的观点并不一致,研究的结果也不尽相同.有研究证明情绪可以增强对细节信息的记忆,也有研究得出了相反的结论,还有研究者认为情绪增强了中心细节的记忆,却削弱了外围细节的记忆.  相似文献   

14.
Regulatory aspects of development can best be understood by research that conceptualizes relations between cognition and emotion. The neural mechanisms associated with regulatory processes may be the same as those associated with higher order cognitive processes. Thus, from a developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective, emotion and cognition are dynamically linked and work together to process information and execute action. This article highlights the authors' recent efforts at integrating emotion regulation and cognitive processing during the first year of life by focusing on the methodological criteria outlined by Cole, Martin, and Dennis (this issue), and it discusses the idea that emotion and cognition are an intricately bound developmental process.  相似文献   

15.
On the nature of emotion regulation   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
This paper presents a unitary approach to emotion and emotion regulation, building on the excellent points in the lead article by Cole, Martin, and Dennis (this issue), as well as the fine commentaries that follow it. It begins by stressing how, in the real world, the processes underlying emotion and emotion regulation appear to be largely one and the same, rendering the value of the distinction largely for the benefit of analysis. There is an extensive discussion of how the same processes can generate emotions (i.e., are constitutive of emotion) and account for variability of manifestation of emotion in context (i.e., regulate them). Following an extensive review of many of the principles involved in emotion and emotion regulation, the paper presents implications for developmental study of infants and children, includes several methodological recommendations, and concludes with an analysis of the extent to which contemporary affective neuroscience contributes to the study of emotion and emotion regulation.  相似文献   

16.
动物实验对于生物医学、生物技术的发展走着非常重要的作用。但它同时也受到了动物权利保护主义的挑战。人类应该尊重动物福利的合理性存在。动物实验是人所从事的动物实验,人类社会和自然的和谐相处需要科学合理的动物实验。  相似文献   

17.
This report provides an overview of neuroscience research that is applicable for science educators. It first offers a brief analysis of empirical studies in educational neuroscience literature, followed by six science concept learning constructs based on the whole brain theory: gaining an understanding of brain function; pattern recognition and consciousness; mind maps, mnemonics and other learning devices; concrete multisensory experience; higher-order creative reasoning via a multimedia-infused environment and positive emotion in educational settings. It is vital to the future of results-based education that discoveries regarding the cognitive learning process are taken into consideration when designing instruction. This research offers science educators neuroscience-backed information as a foundation to develop results-oriented curricula and teaching methods. Future research could further extend an empirically driven education system.  相似文献   

18.
This article presents a model featuring two types of emotion regulation—reactive and deliberate—and discusses the developmental trajectory of both types. We argue that the later-developing capacity for deliberate control builds on and coevolves with earlier-developing reactive control. Findings from the field of developmental neuroscience are mapped onto this model. The focus is on specific neural "hubs," such as the anterior cingulate cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex, which serve as epicenters for the coupling of cortical and subcortical processes. We propose that an increasing coordination between brain regions during emotional situations subserves more effective and efficient regulation with development. This framework can be used to explain different developmental pathways of regulatory styles that can, for example, lead to aggressive versus anxious modes of emotion regulation. The implications of this framework can help guide educational policy by supporting prevention and intervention strategies for children exhibiting difficulties with emotion regulation.  相似文献   

19.
Traditionally, the teaching of music has tended to be a professional subject within the training of virtuosos in conservatories or a playful subject taught in schools, without due consideration given to the potential it offers to developing cognitive capacities. Advances in neuroscience highlight the importance of learning music in relation to the cognitive benefits derived from its practice. Brain exploration techniques show that practising music places a significant demand on the most developed cognitive functions of the human being, confirming the intervention of different cerebral areas involving a large portion of the brain and an increase in attention and concentration levels. After carrying out a literature review of the current state of the question, some of the most common findings in all fields of musical education are cited, considering aspects that are of particular relevance today, such as interdisciplinarity, emotion, cooperative learning, self-regulation and creativity.  相似文献   

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