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1.
Francesca Caena 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(3):311-331
This article analyses the growing focus on teacher competences in European policy discourse against the backdrop of global convergences in education reforms. It traces key ideas, policy recommendations, peer learning and documents which underscore the relevance of teacher quality for education improvement, as recently stressed in the European Commission Communication and Staff Working Documents Rethinking Education. The intertwining of teacher competence frameworks with other areas of education policy is outlined — key competences in school education, the quality of initial teacher education, and the continuous professional development of teachers — teasing out reasons for their central role. Some insights from research and peer learning then explore key implications in the defining and implementing of teacher competence frameworks in national education systems. A comparative viewpoint further analyses current policy trends about teacher competences across European national contexts, in discourse and practice. In order to do so, a framework of analysis takes into account system features as key variables affecting national policy — roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, governance and education cultures, and the status of the teaching profession. Across the variety of policy practices, the analysis endeavours to trace some emerging patterns and trends, highlighting paradigmatic national examples, with some food for thought. 相似文献
2.
The concept of competence is a recent introduction into the curricula of the Spanish education system, and applies to vocational training and university, but also to basic education. In both cases, the meaning and use of the term have differed, sometimes giving rise to confusion. There can be no doubt, however, that this incorporation has been of significant impact. On the one hand, it has generated considerable debate between those who consider the concept to respond to economistic arguments, removed from educational realities, and those who believe it to have a transformation potential that cannot be ignored. On the other, incorporation of the concept is leading to a series of modifications in school practices and in teaching and learning with whose consequences we are not yet acquainted. This article analyses the situation created by the introduction of key competences in Spanish compulsory education and seeks to gauge the potential this offers for improving opportunities for success at school. The authors believe that key competences are a reformulation of educational intentions, whose consequences for schools and teaching practices largely depend on the new interpretation of learning in the light of different approaches and research traditions. 相似文献
3.
Lourdes Meroño Antonio Calderón José L. Arias-Estero Antonio Méndez-Giménez 《Cultura y Educación》2019,31(1):31-66
The purposes of this paper were twofold: (a) to analyse primary school teachers’ perceptions of the inclusion of the key competences in the curriculum; and (b) to test a hypothetical prediction model about the inclusion of the key competences in the curriculum according to their perceptions. The participants were 1,010 teachers from 110 schools. The results showed that the teachers need training on this new competency-based approach to teaching, learning and evaluation. The hypothetical prediction model confirmed the high predictiveness of pre-service teacher education and continuous professional development regarding the proper development of the main elements of competency-based learning which contribute to achieving the purposes of today’s education. One of the possible recommendations that could facilitate the inclusion of the key competences in the curriculum according to their perception is teacher training geared towards pedagogical models adapted to the reality of teaching today which optimize teachers’ professional performance and students’ academic achievement. 相似文献
4.
The evolution in Europe towards more competence-based curricula in the last ten years or so is the result of several exogenous factors and a determined European policy. The Reference Framework of Key Competences for Lifelong Learning, a Recommendation approved by the European Parliament and the Council in 2006, and the work carried out within the Open Method of Coordination as well as by European research bodies have had a significant impact on Member States' curriculum reforms. This article shows that some terminology issues, both conceptual and practical, may explain, together with other causes, the diverse formulations of key competences and the way in which they are being integrated into the compulsory education curricula by the Member States or at intra-national levels. The focus of the article is on cross-curricular competences because these are the key competences which require the most significant innovations in teaching and learning practices, on assessment tools and procedures, and school organisation. The analysis illustrates the main differences and convergences in policy formulation and implementation strategies among the EU Member States. It also identifies key obstacles that must be overcome for an effective implementation before suggesting some policy recommendations. 相似文献
5.
ABSTRACT The French special education system has been formed around two educational groups, according to the perception of the possibilities of schooling for disabled children and adolescents. One has been organized around learning difficulties, and concerns children and adolescents whose abnormality is produced by the school institution. The other was developed around re‐education, and the re‐education of disabled children refused admission by the schools. The 1970s witnessed the appearance of an indisputable official policy in favour of integration into schools, implemented through diverse and numerous private and public initiatives. This policy and these initiatives are being translated more and more clearly, in many respects, into reality, yet they come up against the prevailing ways of thinking on institutionalization of care and education of children said to be disabled. In particular, the persisting dichotomy between an educational approach which is focused on the management of learning difficulties in schools, and the education of children with disabilities rooted within a medical orientation, stressing ‘re‐education’ (the teaching of social skills to children) or ‘re‐adaptation’ (training of various sorts with the intention of improving employment prospects) continues to exert a strong influence on possible reforms. 相似文献
6.
核心素养既是21世纪人才竞争的重要参数,也是引导各国人才培养的风向标。在此背景下,湖南文理学院对英语师范生核心素养的培养问题进行了探究,构建了"LATTE"核心素养培养体系。后来,学院对此体系进行了升级,形成了包含"互联网+语言"、"互联网+学术"、"互联网+教学"、"互联网+团队"四大核心素养的"I-LATT"核心素养培养体系。基于此,文章首先阐释了"I-LATT"核心素养培养体系中四大核心素养的内涵和培养目的;随后以"综合英语"课程为例,介绍了"I-LATT"核心素养培养体系的教学应用;最后通过问卷调查,分析了"I-LATT"核心素养培养体系中四大核心素养运用的满意度和存在的问题。"I-LATT"核心素养培养体系的提出,可为新时代英语基础教育人才的培养和师范教育的有效开展提供参考。 相似文献
7.
终身教育视角下的高职院校学生的关键能力包括终身学习的能力、方法能力和社会能力这三个大的维度。在现阶段高职院校学生关键能力的培养中还存在一些问题：如课程设置过于偏重培养学生的专业能力,导致学生关键能力不足、学校对“学生关键能力”定位不准确造成培养方式与实际情况偏离、教师教学方法和教学手段的保守阻碍学生关键能力的形成、学校跟企业契合度不够,影响人才培养模式的优化。因此,高职院校应该多跟企业沟通,优化人才培养模式、完善就业指导课程体系,在终身教育的视角下,革新职教理念,更新教学方法;开展校园文化建设,提高学生综合素质。此外,国家教育机关应制定一个统一的高职学生关键能力教学评价标准,使学生掌握受益一生的关键能力。 相似文献
8.
陈紫天 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2007,9(1):90-93
教师素质的好坏直接影响教育质量的高低,教师教育担负着提高教师素质的重任,可见教师教育改革是教育改革的关键。在20世纪80年代以来的西方新一轮教育改革中,许多国家都将教师培养和培训的改革作为重点。美国的专业发展学校和英国的校本教师培训就是这种改革的产物,它们所反映的面向中小学实际需要的教师教育观,在一定程度上代表了未来教师教育的发展方向。因此,考察英美教师教育改革的经验,能为我国当前的教师教育改革提供有益的启示。 相似文献
9.
Gaby Weiner 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(3):189-207
This paper argues that past debates concerning class influences on education in the UK were inadequate because they disregarded girls' and womens' values and life patterns. New analytic frameworks involving a synthesis of gender, class and other social formations are needed to develop an understanding about how changing patterns of wealth and poverty and/or recent British educational reforms have affected student learning and life‐chances; and therefore how inequalities may be challenged. The paper draws on a range of sources including a recent study of the impact of recent British education policy changes on gender relations in schools. 相似文献
10.
Geoff Hayward 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(1):117-145
Developing learning programmes to enhance the formation of generic skills is an international concern in education and training policy. This paper provides a broad survey of the development of generic skills policy in England from 1975 to 2002, drawing on both the economic and educational literature. It demonstrates that, despite an evident demand for generic skills in the English economy, successive waves of education and training policy intended to stimulate the supply of such skills have failed to deliver the desired results. Such failure is accounted for using a policy instruments and institutions framework. This suggests that the failure of generic skills policy can be attributed to a combination of weak policy design, the interaction of generic skills policy with other market‐led reforms of education and training in England, and broader exogenous socio‐economic trends. The paper concludes that current initiatives to develop key skills for all 16–19 learners in England are unlikely to succeed without substantial changes in the current education policy environment. 相似文献
11.
Implications of social network sites for teaching and learning. Where we are and where we want to go
This conceptual paper deals with some of the implications that the use of social network sites, though not originally developed and conceived for learning purposes, have for schools and academic activities when they are used as tools able to modify and innovate teaching/learning practices and academic culture. Beside the differences that characterize the two contexts, the attention that social network tools are progressively gaining in schools and higher education practices and pedagogies requires adjustments in learning and teaching that should be constantly considered by educators and policy makers. These environments are also presenting new and crucial opportunities for teacher training and teachers’ professional development. The purpose of the study is to reflect on some significant challenges and opportunities offered by social network sites, and how to exploit the latter, in relation to a number of themes. These themes have been identified as those that deserve better comprehension and further research investigation: communication between students and teachers and appropriate professional behaviours; pedagogical and technological challenges related to incorporating social networking practices into teaching and academic practices; how social networking can be exploited for teachers’ professional training and development. The study also provides some implications for policy and practice. 相似文献
12.
Many countries whose economies are in transition have initiated ambitious education reforms intended to modernize their education systems to better respond to the needs of new social and economic realities. Albania is a good example of a society that is emerging from a closed planned socialist system and moving fast to an open society and knowledge‐based economy. As an essential tool in transforming people's knowledge and skills to promote a knowledge society, teaching must reflect, among other things, an active role for students and multilateral communication to support productive learning in classrooms. The aim of this study was to generate scientific evidence for policy‐makers about whether teaching in the first grade of upper secondary schools meets these criteria. Based on our observation data from 303 classrooms in 34 schools in Albania, analyzed using the categories of Flanders' interaction analysis, we found that teacher talk occupies more than 70% of all lesson time and that student‐initiated talk constituted less than 30 seconds within a typical 45‐minute lesson. We conclude that unless education policies give a high priority to supporting teachers in transforming teaching in schools to promote productive, interactive learning, students will not be able to acquire the knowledge and skills they need within a modern knowledge society. 相似文献
13.
Since 1998, the Flanders’ educational government in Belgium has been urging teacher education institutions by decree to implement competences in teacher training programs. Since then, years have gone by, and institutions have acted in order to achieve the competence-based goals. However, have they succeeded in implementing them? This is the research question that is central to the current study. An online survey inquiry was set up in eight elementary teacher education institutions using two questionnaires; one for final year elementary institution pre-service teachers, who were about to graduate at the time of completing the questionnaire (N = 218), the other for teacher trainers throughout the elementary teacher training program (N = 51). Ten years after the decree was issued, results show that competence-based education has become a reality in terms of its implementation. However, the process has not yet come to an end. Whereas some competences are clearly present in the institutions’ policies and practices (e.g. teacher as guide to learning and development, teacher as subject expert), others are poorly represented (e.g. teacher as partner of parents, external parties and as a member of the educational community). Moreover, teacher trainers tend to take four different approaches to the implementation of competences (1) during internship, (2) through the institution’s policy and program planning, (3) by means of their integration in both theoretical and practical components of the curriculum and finally, (4) a lack of implementation because the competences are considered insufficiently applicable by the teacher trainers. In particular, more experienced and subject expert teacher trainers tend to adopt the final approach more often than do younger colleagues and pedagogues. Student teachers’ results, on the other hand, suggest important differences between institutions concerning their understanding of competences and the integration of these competences in the curriculum; suggesting different paces of adaptation between teacher education institutions. Moreover, even within schools, the trajectory towards implementation is not always clear for all members of the teaching team, nor for the students of most teacher education institutions. Consequently, there is still important work to be done in order for successful competence-based change to occur. 相似文献
14.
《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(2):39-48
Since the beginning of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, profound changes have taken place in Tsinghua University under the guidance of Chairman Mao's proletarian revolutionary line. The Communist Party has led in reforming the old educational system, teaching principles and methods. A new scholastic pattern synthesizing teaching, research, and productive labor has emerged. Besides running various kinds of factories of its own, the university has lined up a number outside, making it possible for schooling to be closely integrated with productive labor and social practice and for intellectuals to integrate themselves with the worker and peasant masses, thereby changing the situation in the old schools in which education was divorced from proletarian politics, the masses and productive labor. These reforms have effectively guaranteed the implementation of the educational policy laid down by Chairman Mao that "education must serve proletarian politics and be combined with productive labor." 相似文献
15.
This article argues that the social practice of learning (SPL), involving life-long learning, meta-learning, deep reflection,
and dialogue in a community, should be the distinguishing knowledge base of schools in the twenty-first century. This article
also analyses the strategies and challenges of the recent education reforms in Singapore through the lens of an SPL education
paradigm. Although the Singapore government has done much to train teachers, trim syllabi and introduce new ways of teaching
and learning, such as project work, the real challenge is to go beyond the provision of structural changes to the substance
of the epistemological reform. 相似文献
16.
Wei Jianguo 《Chinese Education & Society》2018,51(4):272-281
Abstract Exploring classroom teaching reform centered on student development is a fundamental requirement for deepening education and teaching reform in undergraduate education worldwide. Shanxi Normal University places the reform of classroom teaching reform at the center of their efforts to raise the quality of undergraduate education. The implementation of the classroom teaching reforms at Shanxi Normal University has been focused on finding solutions to practical teaching problems. The new approaches to teaching and learning satisfy the requirements of both student development and societal development while addressing key problems in university education and teaching reform. In this article, the authors explain the rationale for focusing on classroom teaching reform, and describe how the classroom teaching reforms were promoted at Shanxi Normal University as well as how the quality of student training has been improved. Our goal in implementing reforms to classroom teaching has been to not only improve education and teaching vitality at Shanxi Normal University, but also provide lessons and experience to stimulate classroom teaching reform at other universities. 相似文献
17.
目前,国内外大学教育学院虽然在办学定位、组织机构、学术研究、人才培养、社会服务等方面不尽相同,各有特色,但也存在一些共同之处,如都致力于培养高质量人才,都积极进行学术交流与科学研究等。我国教育学院应进一步加强改革,在国际性战略的推动下实现错位发展、优势发展与科学发展;积极引进与培养具有国际竞争力的人才,形成团队,为学院发展打下坚实基础;用国际性理念建立精干高效的管理、教学与研究机构,努力打造具有国际水准的一流的教育学学科。 相似文献
18.
Christopher Pierce Brown 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2009,36(5):423-430
As early childhood education becomes more regulated through a range of education reforms and mandates, early childhood teacher
educators are seeking ways to prepare their preservice teachers to address these policy constraints through appropriate teaching
practices that foster learning with understanding. Using the National Research Council’s conception of learning as a framework
for analysis, this article considers strategies to achieve this goal by first presenting findings from a case study that examined
the training of a sample of preservice teachers who were both educated in high-stakes learning classrooms as well as taught
to be early educators in these same environments. This article then uses these findings to the make case for practical and
political approaches to teaching that can assist teacher educators in preparing their students for this regulated field of
early education. 相似文献
19.
目前,国内外大学教育学院虽然在办学定位、组织机构、学术研究、人才培养、社会服务等方面不尽相同,各有特色,但也存在一些共同之处,如都致力于培养高质量人才,都积极进行学术交流与科学研究等。我国教育学院应进一步加强改革,在国际性战略的推动下实现错位发展、优势发展与科学发展;积极引进与培养具有国际竞争力的人才,形成团队,为学院发展打下坚实基础;用国际性理念建立精干高效的管理、教学与研究机构,努力打造具有国际水准的一流的教育学学科。 相似文献
20.
20世纪90年代以来,各国都在竞相提高外语教育水平。作为超级大国的美国对中小学外语教育前所未有的重视,并进行了收效颇丰的外语课程改革,其改革具有如下特点:外语教育观念的转变颇大,对课程的重视度提高;开设的外语语种较以前更加丰富,并且随着形势而变化;课程内容综合化;教学方法生动活泼,重视培养学生交际能力;课程评价科学化;重视外语教师的培养和发展;广泛应用现代化教学手段。对比我国英语教育现状,可以从中得出以下启示:科学定位外语课程的价值;出台积极的外语教育政策;建立完整的外语课程指导框架;实施有效的外语教学和学习策略;营造良好的外语学习氛围;综合运用现代教育技术,拓宽学生学习外语的渠道;重视外语教师教育,提升外语教师的综合能力;完善外语课程评价体系。 相似文献