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1.
Ali Farhangi Dariush Norouzian Mohammad Reza Mehrabi Mohsen Chiani Zahra Saffari Maryam Farahnak Azim Akbarzadeh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(4):406-417
The objective of this study is to induce experimental diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin in normal adult Wistar rats via comparison of changes in body weight, consumption of food, volume of water, urine and levels of glucose, insulin and C-peptide in serum, between normal and diabetic rats. Intra-venous injection of 60 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin in 250–300 g (75–90 days) adult Wistar rats makes pancreas swell and causes degeneration in Langerhans islet β-cells and induces experimental diabetes mellitus in 2–4 days. For a microscopic study of degeneration of Langerhans islet β-cells of diabetic rats, biopsy from pancreas tissue of diabetic and normal rats, staining and comparison between them, were done. In this process, after collagenase digestion of pancreas, islets were isolated, dissociated and identified by dithizone method and then with enzymatic procedure by DNase and trypsin, the islet cells changed into single cells and β-cells were identified by immune fluorescence method and then assayed by flow-cytometer. Donor tissue in each step of work was prepared from 38 adult male Wistar rats weighted 250–300 g (75–90 days). Transplantation was performed in rats after 2–4 weeks of diabetes induction. In this study, the levels of insulin, C-peptide and glucose in diabetic rats reached to normal range as compared to un-diabetic rats in 20 days after transplantation of islet cells. Transplantation was performed under the cortex of testis as immunoisolated place for islet cells transplantation. 相似文献
2.
A. Akbarzadeh D. Noruzian Sh. Jamshidi A. Farhangi M. R. Mehrabi B. Lame Rad M. Mofidian A. Allahverdi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):71-76
Insulin injection is the main way to combat against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus effects. Today in some laboratories
in the world, the investigators are trying to find some treatments for this disease with insulin-secreting pancreatic islet
cells transplantation. Donor tissue in each step of work was prepared from 36 adult male wistar Rats weighted 250–300 grams
(75–90 days). Transplantation was done in rats after 2–4 weeks induction of diabetes with 60mg/kg of streptozotocin injection
by intravenous method. Encapsulation of pancreatic islet cells allows for transplantation in the absence of immunosuppression.
This technique that is called “immunoisolation” is based on the principle that transplanted tissue is protected for the host
immune system by an artificial or natural membrane. In this study, the levels of insulin, C-peptide and glucose in diabetic
rats have been reached to normal range as compared to un-diabetic rats in 20 days after transplantation of islet cells, so
that testis is immunoisolated place for islet cells transplantation. Inside the testis subcutaneously and intrapretoneally
implantation of pure islet cells graft, that is a natural immunoisolation method, rapidly and permanently normalized the diabetic
state of streptozocin-administered animals. 相似文献
3.
Sheshadri Narayanan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(1):78-82
Structural similarity between a viral protein and a self-component can trigger an autoimmune response, which is the basis of molecular mimicry. Alternatively an invading virus can induce an inflammatory response which in turn can initiate an attack by hitherto dormant T cells on a specific self-antigen, a phenomenon which is referred to as Bystander Activation. Several viruses share amino acid sequences with target self-proteins. A widely studied viral interaction is the structural mimicry of a small portion of coxsackie virus to a specific region of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) which is expressed by the β cells of the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to the destruction of insulin producing cells and the onset of Type I insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Knowledge of specific epitopes in GAD susceptible to autoimmune attack can permit devising therapeutic strategies for the prevention and suppression of IDDM. 相似文献
4.
M. Halim Eshrat 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):54-63
InAyurvedic system of medicine in India, not only extracts of one plant or the other but also a combination of plant extracts are used
for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present paper reports the combined effect ofAbroma augusta andCoccinia indica known to be useful for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurveda on the fasting blood sugar, glucose tolerance and lipid profile
of Streptozotocin (STZ) induced albino rats. 300mg of water extract of the mixture of dried powdered roots ofA. augusta and leaves ofC. indica in equal proportions was given once daily for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of treatment of Streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats,
the fasting blood sugar came down to almost normal value and improvement in glucose tolerance and serum lipid profile were
also observed. 相似文献
5.
D. Gomathi M. Kalaiselvi G. Ravikumar K. Devaki C. Uma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(2):221-226
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine metabolic disorders. Dual endocrine deficits of impaired insulin action (insulin resistance) and inadequate insulin secretion create an environment of chronic hyperglycemia and general metabolic disarray. Oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic pathogenesis. Oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin (STZ) has been shown to damage pancreatic beta cell and produce hyperglycemia in rats. The present study was made to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of the Evolvulus alsinoides in STZ induced rats. The antioxidant activities were done by using standard protocols. For histopathological analysis, the pancreatic tissues of all experimental groups were fixed with 10 % formalin for 24 h then the samples were stained with hematoxylin–eosin for the microscopic observation. Our results showed the significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and increases in the antioxidant (both enzymatic and nonenzymatic) levels after treatment with standard as well as the E. alsinoides. There is no significant difference between control and plant alone group rats. The histopathology reports also revealed non-toxic effect and protective effect of E. alsinoides in the kidney of STZ induced diabetic rats. Our result indicated that the E. alsinoides extract effectively increased the antioxidant level thereby it prevents oxidative stress during diabetes mellitus and also it showed the protective effect on kidney of STZ induced rats. Hence it can be used to maintain the antioxidant level during diabetes mellitus. 相似文献
6.
Nasrin Ziamajidi Hamid Behrouj Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir Fatemeh Lotfi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(2):147-153
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, which is strongly associated with liver dysfunction. Hyperglycemia, through an oxidative stress pathway, damages various tissues. Herbal medicine is a good candidate to ameliorate hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. In this study, the effects of aqueous Allium sativum (garlic) extract (AGE) on gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated in the liver tissue of diabetic rats. Four groups of rats contained normal control rats, garlic control rats (AGE), Streptozotocin (STZ) + nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats (DM), and diabetic rats treated with garlic (DM + AGE). Glucose levels and liver enzymes activities were determined by colorimetric assay in the serum. Gene expression of iNOS by real-time PCR, NO levels by Griess method, oxidative stress parameters by spectrophotometric method and histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining method were evaluated in the liver tissues. Glucose levels, activities of liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers, iNOS gene expression, and NO production increased significantly in diabetic rats in comparison with control rats, whereas after oral administration of garlic, these parameters decreased significantly, close to the normal levels. Hence, the beneficial effects of garlic on the liver injury of diabetes could be included in the hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties of garlic via a decrease in gene expression of iNOS and subsequent NO production. 相似文献
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8.
N. A. Eltahawy H. N. Saada A. S. Hammad 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):207-213
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) in insulin disturbance and hyperglycemia associated with brain oxidative damage in streptozotocin-treated rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered to male albino rats as a single intraperitoneal dose (60 mg/kg body weight). GABA (200 mg/Kg body weight/day) was administered daily via gavages during 3 weeks to STZ-treated-rats. Male albino rats Sprague–Dawley (10 ± 2 weeks old; 120 ± 10 g body weight) were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats and treated in parallel. (1) Control group: received distilled water, (2) GABA group: received GABA, (3) STZ group: STZ-treated rats received distilled water, (4) STZ + GABA group: STZ-treated rats received GABA. Rats were sacrificed after a fasting period of 12 h next last dose of GABA. The results obtained showed that STZ-treatment produced hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency (similar to type1 Diabetes). These changes were associated with oxidative damage in brain tissue and notified by significant decreases of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in parallel to significant increases of malondialdehyde and advanced oxidation protein products levels. The histopathology reports also revealed that STZ-treatment produced degeneration of pancreatic cells. The administration of GABA to STZ-treated rats preserved pancreatic tissue with improved insulin secretion, improved glucose level and minimized oxidative stress in brain tissues. It could be concluded that GABA might protect the brain from oxidative stress and preserve pancreas tissues with adjusting glucose and insulin levels in Diabetic rats and might decrease the risk of neurodegenerative disease in diabetes. 相似文献
9.
Mohamed Ahmed Abdelmoaty M. A. Ibrahim N. S. Ahmed M. A. Abdelaziz 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(2):188-192
Quercetin (QE), one of natural flavanoid group, was widely distributed as a secondary metabolite in plant kingdom. It has
been believed that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the present study
was the evaluation of possible effects of QE on blood glucose and antioxidant enzymes in experimental streptozotocin (STZ)-induced
diabetes in rats. STZ was injected intraperitoneally with single dose of 50 mg/kg for diabetes induction. QE (15 mg/kg bw
day, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection) was injected for 3 days prior to STZ administration; these injections were continued
to the end of the study (for 25 days). Glucose tolerance test and random plasma glucose were done for all animals. Cellular
antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were
measured in pancreatic homogenates. Quercetin had no effect on plasma glucose level of normal animals but its pre- treatment
was able to prevent diabetes induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocintreated rats. Antioxidant enzyme activity
significantly decreased in STZ induced diabetic group. QE treatment significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities.
It could be concluded that quercetin, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties, exerting its beneficial antidiabetic effects. 相似文献
10.
STZ诱导的糖尿病对骨密度和血清睾酮的影响（英文） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的：探讨链脲霉素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病对大鼠骨代谢的影响及机制。材料与方法：雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成3组: 正常组（n = 6），糖尿病组（n = 5）和胰岛素治疗糖尿病组 (n = 5)。大鼠尾静脉一次性注射STZ（50 mg/kg 体重），选择空腹12 h血糖大于12 mmol/L的大鼠为本实验所需的糖尿病模型。治疗组大鼠每天在同一时间给予1.8－2.2U的胰岛素。实验周期为持续32天。采用双能X线骨吸收法（DEXA）测定股骨密度，ELISA法测定血清雄性激素睾酮水平，生化分析仪测定血清碱性磷酸酶、钙、磷浓度。结果：糖尿病大鼠的股骨密度和血清睾酮均显著低于正常组（P < 0.01），血清总碱性磷酸酶明显高于正常组和胰岛素治疗组（P < 0.01）。三组之间血钙和血磷的水平无明显差异。胰岛素治疗后糖尿病大鼠的骨密度、血清睾酮与总碱性磷酸酶得到明显的改善。结论：糖尿病严重影响骨密度，胰岛素缺乏及雄性激素降低是导致糖尿病性骨质疏松重要原因。胰岛素治疗能预防骨流失和提高血清睾酮浓度。 相似文献
11.
Anjali C. Warrier Narasimha Y. Rao Devdutta S. Kulpati Tarun K. Mishra Bhaskar C. Kabi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1995,10(1):9-13
There was increase in erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in red blood cells (RBC's), white
blood cells (WBC's) and plasma, in 30 patients of confirmed diabetes mellitus, 10 each of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
(IDDM or type I), non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or type II) and diabetes with ketoacidosis when compared
with 20 healthy individuals (controls). Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c%, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol levels were
also elevated in all the cases when compared with controls. The increase was more in diabetic ketoacidosis group. Significant
positive correlations were seen between erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and ADA activities in RBC's, WBC's and plasma. It is
suggested that decreased tissue adenosine levels due to increase in ADA activity, is related to the severity of hyperglycemia
and lipid peroxidation in diabetes mellitus. 相似文献
12.
Shahid Iqbal Mohammed Narendra Subhash Salunkhe Kishor Sukhlal Vishwakarma Vijay Laxminarayan Maheshwari 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):153-162
The present study was undertaken to evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Cayratia trifolia root extract against streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental rats to scientifically validate its use against diabetes in some parts of India. Ethanolic extract, showing the highest activity in in vitro experiments, was prepared in saline and administered orally to streptozotocin induced albino Wistar diabetic rats for 21 days. Biochemical parameters liver and muscles glycogen and in vivo antioxidant activity in normal, diabetic control, standard (metformin) and treated animals were determined and compared. Attempt was made to isolate, purify and characterize one of the major secondary metabolites in extract by range of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Treatment of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats with ethanolic root extract (500 mg/kg) caused significant (P < 0.01) reduction in blood glucose (312–178 mg/dL), increase in body weight (181–219 g) and serum insulin (1.28–2.26 IU/dL). It also maintained lipid profile and tests of liver and kidney functions within normal range as compared to diabetic control rats and almost at par with standard drug metformin. The oxidative stress induced decline in glutathione and catalase in liver and kidney tissues showed recovery nearly to normal level as a function of treatment. The GC–MS profile of the extract showed relatively high concentration of β-sitosterol which was characterized by different spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The result scientifically and comprehensively validate the reported use of roots of this indigenous plant against diabetes. A strong antioxidant activity of the ethanolic root extract suitably compliments the antidiabetic effect. 相似文献
13.
BackgroundThe harmful effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications have become a major global public health problem. In this study, the effects of Momordica charantia saponins (MCS) on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and insulin signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats were investigated.ResultsMCS could attenuate the tendency of weight loss of the model rats. It could also improve glucose tolerance; reduce fasting blood glucose, nonesterified fatty acid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol; and increase the insulin content and insulin sensitivity index of the rats. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased, and the content of malondialdehyde decreased in the liver and pancreas tissues of rats in MCS-treated groups significantly. In addition, the expression of p-IRS-1 (Y612) and p-Akt (S473) increased, and the expression of p-IRS-1 (S307) decreased in the liver tissues and pancreas tissues of rats in MCS-treated groups significantly.ConclusionMCS has an antidiabetic effect, which may be related to its improving the lipid metabolism disorder, reducing oxidative stress level, and regulating the insulin signaling pathway.How to cite: Jiang S, Xu L, Xu X, et al. Anti-diabetic effect of Momordica charantia saponins in rats induced by high-fat diet combined with STZ. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.12.001. 相似文献
14.
Dhanaraj Karthik Soundherrajan Ilavenil Balasubramanian Kaleeswaran Sivanesan Ravikumar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(3):221-230
The uncontrolled hyperglycemia can lead to disturbances in the cell structure and functions of organs. This study was performed to analyze the “differential proteome” change in rat liver associated with diabetes mellitus in relation to effects of an anti-diabetic herb, Cynodon dactylon leaf extracts. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan (150 mg/kg/bw) and treated with C. dactylon leaf extracts (450 mg/kg/bw/day/orally). The liver proteins were subjected to proteome analysis using the advanced technologies i.e., 2D electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. Comparison of 2-DE protein distribution profiles among the livers from normal, alloxan-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with C. dactylon leaves identified three proteins that were up-regulated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats i.e., nucleophosmin, l-xylulose reductase and carbonic anhydrase III which are known to be mainly involved in ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, cell proliferation, tumor suppression, glucose metabolism, osmo-regulation, water–CO2 balance and acid–base balance. These results help us to understand the elucidation of molecular mechanism connected to liver function and insulin associated with diabetes mellitus. These identified proteins were primarily involved in cell proliferation and homoeostasis of liver tissues upon the treatment with C. dactylon leaf extracts. 相似文献
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16.
Azim Akbarzadeh Dariush Norouzian Ali Farhangi Mohammad Reza Mehrabi Shirin Jamshidi Davood Zare Morvarid Shafiei 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):57-61
Flow cytometry has been employed as a method to study homogeneity of isolated islet subpopulations. After collagenase digestion
of rat pancreas and elutriation of tissue fragments, islets were isolated and dissociated, and cells were analyzed and sorted
according to their low forward angle light scattering properties by using automated flow cytometry. A standardized procedure
was developed for the preparation of rat islet cell grafts for purification of islet cells. In this process, after collagenase
digestion of pancreas, islets were isolated, dissociated, identification by dithizone method and then with enzymatic procedure
by DNase and trypsin, the islet cells changed into single cells and beta cells were identified by immunofluorescence method
and then assayed by flow cytometry. Methods have been developed for the preparation of suspension of viable rat pancreatic
islet cells and their analysis and sorting in the fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACC IV, Becton Dickinson, Sunnyvale,
Ca). Flow cytometry of these cells indicated that there were 91% of beta cells in cell suspension. Most of the exocrine particles
were lost during digestion. Purified endocrine islet cell grafts were prepared by pure beta-cells, without endocrine non-beta
cells. The purified aggregates were devoid of endocrine non-beta cells and damaged cells. 相似文献
17.
Meena Verma Sangeeta Paneri Preetha Badi P. G. Raman 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):142-146
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is the most rapidly growing chronic metabolic disorder in the world. With
advancement in the age and duration of diabetes there is a gradual tendency for the level of blood sugar to rise along with
a subsequent increase in the HbA1c as well as in the fasting insulin level. Whether this is an aging process or increased
frequency of diabetes is still controversial. The correlation between glucose and insulin sensitivity is consistent with the
idea that the degree of chronic hyperglycemia is a cause of excessive insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, i.e. the insulin
resistance which characterizes type 2 diabetes but not nondiabetic subjects matched for age, gender, family history and duration
of diabetes. The study comprised a total of 76 subjects out of which 30 were normal, non-diabetic persons and the rest 46
were diabetics with different duration of time in years, after being diagnosed diabetic. Data was analyzed after dividing
the subjects into four groups—Group 1 comprised of one year old diabetics, Group 2 was made up of those, who had diabetes,
for the past 2–5 years, Group 3 included patients who were diabetic since more than 5 years and Group 4 included non-diabetics
as the normal control group. The results obtained indicated that the HbA1c levels showed a significant increase with the duration
of diabetes as well as the insulin level showed a significant correlation after adjustment for age, sex and duration of diabetes. 相似文献
18.
R. Shukia S. B. Sharma D. Puri K. M. Prabhu P. S. Murthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(1):169-177
Many plants have been used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indian system of medicine and in other ancient systems of the world. Out of these only a few have been evaluated as per modern system of medicine. From many such plants only extracts have been prepared and their usefulness evaluated in experimental diabetes in animals. In some plants likeAllium cepa, Allium sativum, Ficus bengalensis, Gymnema sylvestre, Pterocarpus marsupium etc. active hypoglycemic principles have been isolated and their mechanism of action studied. Most of them seem to act directly on pancreas (pancreatic effect) and stimulate insulin level in blood. Some have extra pancreatic effect also by acting directly on tissues like liver, muscle etc. and alter favourably the activities of the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and other pathways. Since the plant products have less side effects, they have the potential as good hypoglycemic drugs. They may also provide clues for the development of new and better oral drugs for diabetes. 相似文献
19.
Richa Vaishya Janardhan Singh Harbans Lal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):195-197
Effect of irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy.
Polyuria, proteinuria, blood urea, creatinine clearance, and urinary electrolytes were determined to assess kidney damage.
There was a significant increase in urine volume, urinary protein and blood urea in STZ induced diabetic rats. On the other
hand, irbesartan treatment resulted in a significant reduction in urinary protein and blood urea in these rats. Irbesartan
treatment also improved creatinine clearance and exhibited a natriuretic effect in these animals. Results suggest that irbesartan
treatment ameliorate STZ induced diabetic nephropathic changes, in rats. 相似文献
20.
Shivkumar Chauhan Nirmalendu Nath Vinay Tule 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):238-242
Picrorhiza kurrooa is mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of many disorders, but it has not been subjected to systematic
scientific investigations to assess its antidiabetic effect. The oral administration of aqueous and methanol extracts of P.
kurrooa rhizomes (250 and 500 mg / kg body weight / day) for 15 days significantly reduced blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin
and increased total hemoglobin, plasma insulin in alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rats. The treatment also showed significant
correction in the level of nitric oxide radicals, superoxide radicals, peroxynitrite radical, lipid peroxidation, glutathione,
glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the pancreas
of alloxan diabetic rats. 相似文献