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蛋白质芯片技术是一种新型蛋白质分析技术。文章介绍了研究它的目的和意义,重点介绍它的研制过程和研究内容以及生物医学应用。 相似文献
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自身免疫性疾病是一大类由于自身免疫系统的免疫耐受或者免疫监视功能异常,引起针对自身抗原的破坏性的免疫反应所导致的疾病。自身免疫性疾病发病部位广泛,结缔组织自身免疫性疾病(类风湿性关节炎),消化系统自身免疫性疾病(肝炎),泌尿系统自身免疫性疾病(肾炎)等等,都是常见的自身免疫性疾病。目前,在 相似文献
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DNA芯片—21世纪的新技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ＤＮＡ芯片技术是９０年代期发展起来的分子生物学新的研究工具。它利用照相平板印刷,寡核苷酸合成以及微加工技术制成含有高密度探针的芯片,与放射性同位素或荧光标记的待测ＤＮＡ样品进行分子杂交,通过计算机检测技术,用于分析ＤＮＡ多态性、发现新基因及基因表达差异等领域。 相似文献
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邹义洲 《科技成果管理与研究》2014,(11):20-20
MICA抗原是一种表达在人体血管内皮细胞表面的糖蛋白分子,由于其编码基因的多态性,人群中不同个体之间拥有完全相同的MICA等位基因的概率低于10%。中南大学邹义洲教授从1999年开始从事MICA基因多态性及其在移植免疫反应中的作用研究,应用液态芯片技术在国际上率先制成MICA多态性抗原-抗体检测系统,发现了人体抗MICA抗体,并在肾移植物酸洗液中检测到了抗供者特异性的MICA抗体。研究表明MICA抗体与肾移植物的免疫排斥有相关性,取得了一系列原创性的研究成果。这不仅对临床器官与造血干细胞移植的配型和术后免疫学检测具有十分重要的理论价值,而且为推广MICA移植抗原在临床移植配型中应用做出了重要贡献。 相似文献
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免疫亲合色谱作为一种高效、简便的样品前处理技术,能够大大提高日常分析检测工作的效能。通过对文献、资料中的实验与研究进行分析和总结,概述免疫亲和色谱技术的原理和特点,阐述了这种先进、高效的技术在食品科学、中药学、环境科学等颤域的应用,显示出免疫亲和色谱技术高效、快速、简便的特点。 相似文献
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本文以TMP102便携式集成数字温度传感器的PCB设计为研究对象,以高校环境环境温度检测为目的,介绍了该芯片的外围电路设计内容、电路板的器件焊接、AMP102便携式数字温度传感器的调试与使用过程。通过此项研究制作一种新型的便携温度检测仪,扩展了在原有数据采集中对USB2.0数据接口的应用,强化了基于该芯片的传感器的器件组成及外围电路板的焊接技术。 相似文献
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Pranab S. Basu Ramdhan Majhi Sudip Chatterjee Sandip K Batabyal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(2):119-123
A method has been developed to separate and identify thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) and thyroid peroxidase autoantibody
(TPOAb) in serum obtained from normal and autoimmune thyroid diseases using phenyl Sepharose CL-4B hydrophobic column. The
protein peaks obtained from hydrophobic column were identified as TgAb and TPOAb by comparing the elution profile of commercially
purified standard thyroid autoantibodies. The similarity of the inhibitory effects of eluted proteins and of standard thyroid
autoantibodies on lectin concanavalin A-RBC interaction confirmed the separation of TPO-Ab and TgAb by the hydrophobic, column.
The eluted fractions from the hydrophobic column were estimated by the radio immunoassay (RIA) to confirm the presence of
both auto-antibodies. This hydrophobic column method offers an advantage of visual inspection of this autoantibodies by graphic
representation of peak height along with their estimation in autoimmune thyroid disorders. 相似文献
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Andrea Te&#x;ija Kuna Lovorka &#x;erek Vedrana Drvar Ana Kozmar Katarina Gugo 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(2)
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) represent a family of autoantibodies targeting ubiquitous cellular constituents and are a hallmark of systemic inflammatory autoimmune rheumatic diseases named connective tissue diseases (CTD). The gold standard method for ANA determination is indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on the human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma cell line type 2 substrate (HEp-2), but with increasing demand for ANA testing, novel methods eased for automation emerged, which allows testing by staff less experienced in this specific field of laboratory diagnostic. In 2016 The working group (WG) for laboratory diagnostics of autoimmune diseases as part of the Committee for the Scientific Professional Development of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CSMBLM) published the data of a survey regarding general practice in laboratory diagnostics of autoimmune diseases in Croatia. Results indicated high diversity in the performance of autoantibody testing as well as reporting of the results and indicated the need of creating recommendations for the assessment of ANA that would help harmonize diagnostics of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases in Croatia. This document encompasses twenty-seven recommendations for ANA testing created concerning indications for ANA testing, preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical issues, including rational algorithm and quality control assurance. These recommendations are based on the relevant international recommendations and guidelines for the assessment of ANA testing and relevant literature search and should help to harmonize the approach in ANA testing and clarify differences in interpretation of the results obtained using different methods of determination. 相似文献
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Walid E. Zahran Magda I. Mahmoud Kamal A. Shalaby Manal H. Abbas 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(3):272-276
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory systemic autoimmune disease, primarily affecting the peripheral joints. Anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin autoantibodies (anti-MCV) of IgG isotype were shown to be a useful diagnostic marker of RA especially in RA patients who were anti-cyclic citrullinated protein autoantibodies (anti-CCP) negative. Nevertheless, published data correlates rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP or anti-MCV antibodies with either erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or serum C-reactive protein (CRP) as markers of disease activity, not investigated the possible correlations of RA autoantibodies towards ESR and CRP in comparison. Herein, we aim to evaluate the usefulness of anti-MCV as a dependable marker in established RA compared with anti-CCP and RF antibodies and to examine correlations between RF, anti-CCP and anti-MCV antibodies towards ESR and serum CRP. Serum RF-IgA, RF-IgM, anti-CCP and anti-MCV levels were measured in 30 patients with RA and 40 patients with other autoimmune diseases (non-RA) compared with 20 normal subjects. Specificity, sensitivity and AUC for RF antibodies, anti-CCP and anti-MCV were calculated towards RA diagnosis. Our results showed that ESR and CRP had significantly higher values in both RA and non-RA patients compared with our healthy controls with observed significant increment in RA patients compared with non-RA patients. An important finding from our study is that 33.3 % of RA patients were anti-CCP negative but being positive towards anti-MCV. Also, in-between 36.7 up to 40 % of RA patients were RF-IgA and RF-IgM negative while being anti-MCV positive. Anti-MCV antibodies showed the highest specificity and sensitivity (97.5 and 86.6 %, respectively) towards RA diagnosis with the highest AUC value (0.920) compared with anti-CCP and RF antibodies. Correlation analyses revealed that there was no significant correlation between ESR along with CRP towards RF-IgA, RF-IgM and anti-CCP while profound highly significant correlation exhibited between ESR and CRP towards anti-MCV data (r = 0.879 and 0.994, respectively). Thus, our data suggest that the assessment of serum anti-MCV autoantibodies along with ESR and CRP considered as a simple laboratory regime for monitoring RA patients to assess and follow-up disease activity. The addition of anti-MCV autoantibodies to serologic markers in the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for RA will add points for patients with negative anti-CCP and RF antibodies. 相似文献
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A self-organization algorithm for image compression and the associated VLSI architecture are presented. A frequency upper-threshold is effectively used in the centroid learning method. Performances of the self-organization networks and traditional nonself-organization algorithms for vector quantization are compared. This new algorithm is quite efficient and can achieve near-optimal results. A trainable VLSI neuroprocessor based upon this new self-organization network has been developed for high-speed and high-ratio image compression applications. This neural-based vector quantization design includes a fully parallel vector quantizer and a pipelined codebook generator which obtains a time complexity O (1) for each quantization vector. A 5 × 5-dimensional vector quantizer prototype chip has been designed and fabricated. It contains 64 inner-product neural units and an extendable winner-take-all block. This mixed-signal chip occupies a compact silicon area of 4.6 × 6.8 mm2 in a 2.0-μm scalable CMOS technology. It provides a computing capability as high as 3.33 billion connections per second. It can achieve a speedup factor of 110 compared with a SUN-4/75 workstation for a compression ratio of 33. Real-time adaptive VQ on industrial 1024 × 1024 pixel images is feasible using multiple neuroprocessor chips. An industrial-level design to achieve 104 billion connections per second for the 1024-codevector vector quantizer can be fabricated in a 125 mm2 chip through a 1 μm CMOS technology. 相似文献
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Suhail Rasool Madhuri Behari Vinay Goyal Mohd Irshad Bansi Lal Jailkhani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(2):124-135
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease that results from antibody mediated damage of Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the neuromuscular junction. The autoimmune character of MG and pathogenic role of AChR antibodies have been established by several workers i.e., the demonstration of anti-AChR antibodies in about 90 % of MG patients. It has been demonstrated that patients with MG also have antibodies against a second protein named presynaptic membrane receptor (PsmR), which is identified by utilizing β-Bgtx, a ligand which binds to PsmR. Using β-Bgtx Sepharose 4B affinity matrix, the PsmR was purified from different regions of human cadaver brain by affinity chromatography. Purified receptor was characterized both by biochemical and immunological procedures. PsmR purified from different regions of the brain shows a specific activity of 0.37 ± 0.01, 0.39 ± 0.02 and 0.43 ± 0.005 nM/ μg of protein in Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Frontal lobe respectively. The affinity purified PsmR from the brain of 87 and 68 kd (parietal lobe, occipital lobe and frontal lobe) shows immunoreactivity with myasthenic sera. These findings suggest that PsmR from brain is another antigen against which autoantibodies are developed in Myasthenia gravis patients. Upon treatment with various enzymes we concluded that PsmR from brain is a glycoprotein in which the immunoreactivity resides in the carbohydrate as well as the peptide epitopes. In conclusion the PsmR is another antigen against which autoantibodies are formed in different regions of brain. These can be used as a diagnostic tool for detecting antibodies in the sera or cerebrospinal fluid of MG patients. 相似文献
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芯片是现代信息社会的关键基础设施,未来人机物三元融合的智能万物互联时代将需要大量不同种类的专用体系结构芯片。然而,芯片设计本身代价很高,具有设计周期长、过程非常复杂、专业门槛高的特点。因此,智能万物互联时代芯片需求多和芯片设计代价高之间产生了巨大的矛盾。文章提出利用芯片学习(Chip Learning)来取代芯片设计以解决上述矛盾,即采用学习的方法来完成芯片从逻辑设计到物理设计的全流程。芯片学习的目标是通过学习使得芯片设计完全不需要专业知识和设计经验,可以在短时间、无人参与的情况下高效完成。 相似文献
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[研究目的]对新兴技术进行识别,有助于跟踪行业的最新发展动态,为企业提供最新的情报。[研究方法]通过分析以往相关文献,针对目前新兴技术识别研究中存在的不足,构建了基于专利SAO结构和多指标评价的新兴技术识别模型。首先,将基于语言层级的SAO结构和基于关键词语义的TF-IDF算法相结合,划分出各项子技术领域;其次,根据新兴技术特征建立多指标评价体系,结合专利数量年度变化,判别出新兴技术;最后,根据术语的语法规则,利用语言过滤器抽取出特定专利文献中的技术术语,识别新兴技术主题。[研究结论]将新兴技术识别模型应用于手机芯片行业,成功识别出了5G基带芯片和新型存储芯片两项新兴技术,与业界动态基本一致,从而验证了该模型的可行性。 相似文献
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生物芯片技术和DNA计算分别是近几年来生命科学与信息科学的新兴研究领域,DNA计算在求解NP问题上存在着硅计算无法比拟的先天优越性。而图的最小顶点覆盖问题是图论中的一个重要问题,目前还没有好的算法。在DNA计算和DNA计算芯片的基础上,采用分子信标编码策略,利用观察荧光来确定图的最小顶点覆盖问题的可行解。利用分子信标模型来解决图的最小顶点覆盖M题,和其它DNA计算方法相比,该方法操作起来更加方便。 相似文献
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Improving methods for high-throughput combinatorial chemistry has emerged as a major area of research because of the importance of rapidly synthesizing large numbers of chemical compounds for drug discovery and other applications. In this investigation, a novel microfluidic chip for performing parallel combinatorial chemical synthesis was developed. Unlike past microfluidic systems designed for parallel combinatorial chemistry, the chip is a single-layer device made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) that is extremely easy and inexpensive to fabricate. Using the chip, a 2×2 combinatorial series of amide-formation reactions was performed. The results of this combinatorial synthesis indicate that the new device is an effective platform for running parallel organic syntheses at significantly higher throughput than with past methodologies. Additionally, a design algorithm for scaling up the 2×2 combinatorial synthesis chip to address more complex cases was developed. 相似文献