共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Peter Riley Bahr 《Research in higher education》2013,54(2):171-200
Nationally, a majority of community college students require remedial assistance with mathematics, but comparatively few students who begin the remedial math sequence ultimately complete it and achieve college-level math competency. The academic outcomes of students who begin the sequence but do not complete it are disproportionately unfavorable: most students depart from the community college without a credential and without transferring to a four-year institution. Interestingly, however, many of these students continue to attend the community college after they exit the remedial math sequence, sometimes for an extended period. One is led to ask why students who do not complete the sequence generally are not finding their way to an alternative credential objective that does not require college-level math competency, such as a career and technical education certificate, sometimes referred to as a vocational certificate. In this study, I explore three possible answers to this question, including difficulty navigating to the alternative credential, declining participation in the community college, and declining academic performance. I find that all three of these explanations contribute (to varying degrees) to explaining the low rate of certificate completion among remedial math students who do not achieve college-level math competency. 相似文献
2.
Does Mathematics Remediation Work?: A Comparative Analysis of Academic Attainment among Community College Students 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
Peter Riley Bahr 《Research in higher education》2008,49(5):420-450
Postsecondary remediation is a controversial topic. On one hand, it fills an important and sizeable niche in higher education.
On the other hand, critics argue that it wastes tax dollars, diminishes academic standards, and demoralizes faculty. Yet,
despite the ongoing debate, few comprehensive, large-scale, multi-institutional evaluations of remedial programs have been
published in recent memory. The study presented here constitutes a step forward in rectifying this deficit in the literature,
with particular attention to testing the efficacy of remedial math programs. In this study, I use hierarchical multinomial
logistic regression to analyze data that address a population of 85,894 freshmen, enrolled in 107 community colleges, for
the purpose of comparing the long-term academic outcomes of students who remediate successfully (achieve college-level math
skill) with those of students who achieve college-level math skill without remedial assistance. I find that these two groups
of students experience comparable outcomes, which indicates that remedial math programs are highly effective at resolving
skill deficiencies.
相似文献
| Peter Riley BahrEmail: |
3.
Paul A. Illich Cathy Hagan Leslie McCallister 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):435-453
Community colleges utilize open-door admission policies to provide educational opportunities for all students, including those who are academically under-prepared in one or more areas. Current approaches to assisting under-prepared students include the targeted delivery of remedial courses in math, English, and reading. This approach typically relies on the use of standardized placement tests to determine whether students have remedial needs. Based on those placement test scores, students may have a remedial need in only one of the core academic areas (e.g., math, English, or reading). In such cases, students may concurrently enroll in required remedial courses and college-level courses unrelated to the area in which they are considered to be academically under-prepared. The research reported in this article evaluated the assumption that a student's under-preparedness is limited to a specific area by assessing the college-level performance of students concurrently enrolled in remedial and college-level courses. The results show that college-level pass rates are much lower among students concurrently enrolled in remedial courses who do not successfully complete one or more of these remedial courses. These students under-perform irrespective of the type of college-level course. In contrast, students who pass their remedial courses are generally successful in their college-level courses. Policy implications in regard to developmental education are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Matthew M. Chingos Rebecca J. Griffiths 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2017,10(4):794-816
Every year many students enter college without the math preparation needed to succeed in their desired programs of study. Many of these students struggle to catch up, especially those who are required to take remedial math courses before entering college-level math. Increasing the number of students who begin at the appropriate level of math has become an important focus for educators and policymakers. We conducted randomized experiments of low-cost online summer math programs at three universities to test whether this type of intervention can increase access to math preparation, improve placement and enrollment in fall math classes, and improve performance in first-year math courses. Students who received the intervention engaged with the platform, though at relatively low rates, and were more likely to retake the placement test and improve their scores than students in the control group. However, these improved scores did not translate into enrolling in higher level math courses, obtaining more math credits, or improving grades in math-related courses during the first year of college. Thus, providing students access to this online tool did not improve their math skills. 相似文献
5.
Richard J. Torraco 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(12):1198-1202
Much has been written about the disappointing record of remedial education. At least 40% percent of students never complete their remedial courses, hindering their access to college-level courses. Amid the clamor for reform, new programs are emerging in which scholars and practitioners collaborate on the development of models of instruction that hold promise for improving the college readiness of underprepared students. Scholar-practitioner collaboration requires a reconception of the research process and the meaning of practice. It also requires practitioners to reflect on their practice as partners in the research process. We conclude that the voices of those teaching and managing remedial education, not just those of researchers, are necessary to arrive at remedial education policies and practices that are effective and sustainable. 相似文献
6.
This study investigates the link between basic math skills, remediation, and the educational opportunity and outcomes of community college students. Capitalizing on a unique placement policy in one community college that assigns students to remedial coursework based on multiple math skill cutoffs, I first identify the skills that most commonly inhibit student access to higher-level math courses; these are procedural fluency with fractions and the ability to solve word problems. I then estimate the impact of “just missing” these skill cutoffs using multiple rating-score regression discontinuity design. Missing just one fractions question on the placement diagnostic, and therefore starting college in a lower-level math course, had negative effects on college persistence and attainment. Missing other skill cutoffs did not have the same impacts. The findings suggest the need to reconsider the specific math expectations that regulate access to college math coursework.
相似文献7.
Peter Riley Bahr 《Research in higher education》2007,48(6):695-725
Prior research has established that the depth and breadth of remedial need in basic skills (math and English) exhibited by
a student at college entry are strongly and negatively associated with the likelihood of achieving college-level competency
in those subjects (i.e., successful remediation). This well-documented finding is built upon a body of work employing either
simple bivariate analyses or regression analyses that assume additive effects. Yet, there are reasons to suspect that multiple
basic skill deficiencies, rather than exhibiting additive effects alone, may exhibit a negative multiplicative interaction
effect on the likelihood of successful remediation. In this research, I test the hypothesis that the negative effect of math
deficiency increases in magnitude with decreasing English competency. Although the data support this hypothesis, I find that
this interaction does not have substantive importance in the face of the powerful direct effect of math deficiency on the
likelihood of successful remediation in math.
Direct all correspondence to the author at the Department of Sociology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202 (peter.bahr@wayne.edu).
I am indebted to Tim Brown, Willard Hom, Myrna Huffman, Tom Nobert, Mary Kay Patton, and Patrick Perry of the Chancellor’s
Office of California Community Colleges for their assistance with the data employed in this study, and to Dr. John C. Smart
and the anonymous referees of Research in Higher Education for their recommendations concerning improving this work. 相似文献
8.
This article argues for the importance of integrating a focus on language, literacy, and academic development for United States-educated language minority (US-LM) students, sometimes called Generation 1.5. It describes four initiatives at community colleges in California that aim to do so. US-LM students have completed some K–12 schooling in the United States, but their English is considered by community college faculty, staff, or assessment measures to be inadequate for college-level instruction. Although enacting effective language and literacy support for Generation 1.5 has centered on debates about whether these students belong in English as a Second Language (ESL) or remedial English courses, how they can best be identified and tested, or whether they should be taught in separate classes, we argue that more fundamental shifts are needed. Instead of conceiving of students’ language and literacy development solely in terms of progress through ESL or remedial English sequences, educators designing support for US-LM students must also consider larger contexts of students’ academic progress, promoting students’ development of language and literacy for success in academic and professional settings as well as progress toward completing credits required for associate degrees, certificates, and transfer to four-year institutions. 相似文献
9.
Peter Riley Bahr 《Research in higher education》2009,50(7):691-714
Variables that address student enrollment patterns (e.g., persistence, enrollment inconsistency, completed credit hours, course
credit load, course completion rate, procrastination) constitute a longstanding fixture of analytical strategies in educational
research, particularly research that focuses on explaining variation in academic outcomes. However, nearly all measures of
enrollment patterns are handicapped by untested assumptions about a more fundamental measure, namely students’ rate of progress.
In this paper, I first explain how a variety of widely used measures of enrollment patterns are inextricably linked to students’
rate of progress. I then describe a method of modeling mathematically students’ rate of progress that employs hierarchical
(multilevel) discrete-time event history analysis of repeated events. I conclude with an empirical example of the application
of this method in which I test several hypotheses concerning students’ rate of progress through the remedial math sequence
toward the outcome of college-level math competency. In addition to the utility of the method that is proposed here, the issues
discussed in this paper have important practical implications for institutional research, particularly with respect to the
use of the various measures of enrollment patterns to explain variation in students’ attainment.
相似文献
| Peter Riley BahrEmail: |
10.
Regina A. Rochford 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):345-355
In 2008, Queensborough Community College incorporated service learning into 15 remedial reading and writing courses. To determine its impact, statistical analyses were performed, and they demonstrated significantly (a) higher GPAs, (b) improved rates of retention, and (c) the completion of more college credits among service learning participants. In addition, an ANOVA revealed insights into the individual service-learning projects. It was determined that the most effective programs (a) directly connected the service-learning activity to the course curriculum, (b) provided multiple experiences performing tasks, and (c) placed students in community-based organizations appropriate for their level of literacy. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Experimental Education》2012,80(1):47-56
The collection of data by the National Center for Educational Statistics for the High School and Beyond study offered an opportunity to examine differences in achievement and attitudinal measures among students in regular, remedial, and advanced classes. Groups of low achieving and high achieving sophomores and seniors were identified on the basis of overall grades. Comparisons were made between students in regular and ability-grouped English and mathematics classes. The data were consistent with views that grouping leads to improved achievement and attitude toward subject matter for students in regular and remedial classes. The data were not consistent with a view that remedial group placement leads to poor self-concept or attitude toward school. 相似文献
12.
Amiel T. Sharon 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(2):60-62
Randomly selected students required to take a remedial English course at a community college were placed in a regular English course on an experimental basis. The experimentally placed students were compared with those who enrolled in a regular course after passing a remedial course and with those who did not require remediation. Comparisons were made on ability, persistence, performance, and satisfaction. The remedial course had no effect on student satisfaction and persistence but a modest effect on subsequent course performance. The experimental methodology described can provide the college researcher with a basis for determining whether there is a need to revise or eliminate current remedial courses. 相似文献
13.
Susan R. Butler 《Annals of dyslexia》1991,41(1):119-127
An innovative integrated remedial reading program has been developed based on recent research findings. My longitudinal studies
have revealed that poor reading compounds itself over the years. The majority of children with reading disabilities currently
remain in regular classrooms with varying techniques being used depending upon individual school directives and current educational
theory.
Despite current remedial techniques, the poorer reader tends to remain so throughout the school years. Innovative techniques
must be developed in the hope of altering this pattern.
This paper presents one alternative strategy which can be used to upgrade reading skills and break the cycle of reading failure.
The Reading Assistance Tutorial Pack (R.A.T. Pack) is a carefully sequenced series of activities that enables the learner
to experience the motivating and reinforcing properties of success through all stages of phonetic and reading skills development.
It is a systematic, multidisciplinary remedial reading program based on sound behavior, psycholinguistic and cognitive theories
of learning—incorporating listening, speaking, seeing, writing, thinking, and comprehension skills. The R.A.T. Pack demands
a high percentage of on-task behavior and trains phonological processing strategies. Functional language use is promoted through
enjoyable activities involving sentence construction, cloze passages, puzzles, games, and other creative manipulations of
the surface features of languages. The program has proven successful in schools, homes, and clinics. 相似文献
14.
At community colleges, student preparedness for college-level work is a significant initial barrier. Over 70% of community college students are reported to be inadequately prepared for college mathematics. Because students need to pass college-level math in order to enroll in subsequent courses required for their majors or to complete general requirements for their degrees, community colleges have searched for instructional redesign approaches that can produce more positive results. This study reports on a developmental math redesigned curriculum that dramatically improved student course completion rates and resulted in some advantage in enrolling in college-level math compared with their peers in the traditional developmental sequence. Results are discussed in terms of their practical significance and implications for further research. 相似文献
15.
Berent G Samar V Kelly R Berent R Bochner J Albertini J Sacken J 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》1996,1(3):167-178
Indirect tests of writing competency are often used at the college level for a variety of educational, programmatic, and research purposes. Although such tests may have been validated on hearing populations, it cannot be assumed that they validly assess the writing competency of deaf and hard-of-hearing students. This study used a direct criterion measure of writing competency to determine the criterion validity of two indirect measures of writing competency. Results suggest that the validity of indirect writing tests for deaf and hard-of-hearing baccalaureate-level students is weak. We recommend that direct writing tests be used with this population to ensure fair and accurage assessment of writing competency. 相似文献
16.
Daugherty Lindsay Gerber Russell Martorell Francisco Miller Trey Weisburst Emily 《Research in higher education》2021,62(7):1086-1111
Traditionally colleges have relied on standalone non-credit-bearing developmental education (DE) to support students academically and ensure readiness for college-level courses. As emerging evidence has raised concerns about the effectiveness of DE courses, colleges and states have been experimenting with approaches that place students into credit-bearing coursework more quickly. To better understand which types of students might be most likely to benefit from being placed into college-level math coursework, this study examines heterogeneity in the causal effects of placement into college-level courses using a regression discontinuity design and administrative data from the state of Texas. We focus on student characteristics that are related to academic preparation or might signal a student’s likelihood of success or need for additional support and might therefore be factors considered for placement into college-level courses under “holistic advising” or “multiple measures” initiatives. We find heterogeneity in outcomes for many of the measures we examined. Students who declared an academic major designation, had bachelor’s degree aspirations, tested below college readiness on multiple subjects, were designated as Limited English Proficiency (LEP), and/or were economically disadvantaged status were more likely to benefit from placement into college-level math. Part-time enrollment or being over the age of 21 were associated with reduced benefits from placement into college-level math. We do not find any heterogeneity in outcomes for our high school achievement measure, three or more years of math taken in high school.
相似文献17.
吉标 《课程.教材.教法》2022,42(2):145-152
补救教学是以政府为主导、多方力量参与和为改进低成就学生的学业表现而开展的公益性教育援助。补救教学是促进教育公平和提高教育质量的重要教学活动,在国外大致经历了萌芽兴起、发展完善和成熟扩展三个阶段。世界各国补救教学取得了丰富的理论与实践经验,补救对象不断扩展,补救内容愈益丰富,补救模式愈加多样,保障措施日趋完善。在新时代深化教育综合改革的背景下,应借鉴国外补救教学理论成果,强化本土化理论研究,尝试构建中小学补救教学体系,促进基础教育优质均衡发展,为社会的公平正义提供基础性保障。 相似文献
18.
胡继飞 《广东教育学院学报》2008,28(5):104-108
高师校本课程开发在目前是一个值得认真研究的领域．《生物科普创作》为广东教育学院自主开设的一门校本课程,旨在训练师范生的科普写作技能和提高其从事中学生物教学的能力．课程内容包括10大专题,并结合培养目标和内容性质进行分层设计．建议采用灵活多样的教学策略,包括切块拼接的教学模式．课程实施取得了初步的教学效果,该课程能够比较好地提高师范生的教育教学素养和科普创作技能． 相似文献
19.
Kathleen H. Offenholley 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(9):842-849
In 2012, the City University of New York undertook to examine whether online tutoring would be helpful to remedial algebra students. The research study was done in the spring 2012 semester at the Borough of Manhattan Community College (BMCC). The research question was two-fold: (a) Does online tutoring help improve pass rates among remedial algebra students? and (b) Do remedial algebra students find that online tutoring is helpful? A random sample of eight sections of Elementary Algebra was chosen from the 112 sections of that course offered in the spring semester. This amounted to a total of 195 students in the research sections, with 2,521 remaining students in the control (nontreatment) sections. All students in the eight treatment sections were given access to the Brainfuse online tutoring system. Midterm scores, final exam scores, and opinion surveys were collected. An overwhelming proportion of those who used the service found it helpful (94.7%) and would recommend it to a friend (100.0%). However, the pass rates in the study were nearly the same for the treatment and control groups, and a logistic regression analysis, comparing two statistically matched cohorts, showed no significant differences. One issue was that the sample of those who chose to use the service was small. Also, many of those who needed the most help were not the ones who used the service. It may be that in terms of improving pass rates, outreach and counseling for students could be more efficacious than simply offering a tutoring service. 相似文献
20.
在美国,为大学生提供补习教育是一种极其普遍的现象,其对象主要是那些缺乏基本的读、写、算技能的大学新生,目的在于通过一年左右的补习教育使这些学生获得大学学习所要求的基本的读、写、算的技能,以帮助学生顺利地适应大学的学习生活而过渡到高年级学习。美国大学所实施的补习教育对于提高我国大学对新生适应问题的重视、解决新生所面临的问题有着积极的启示。 相似文献