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1.
We investigated general vocabulary and academic vocabulary growth trajectories of adolescent language minority students using an individual growth modeling approach. Our analytical sample included 3161 sixth- to eighth-grade students from an urban school district in California. The language minority students in our sample were classified as initially fluent English proficient (IFEP), redesignated fluent English proficient (RFEP), or limited English proficient (LEP) students. The analytical sample was not a nationally representative sample and included a great number of Asian students and students who receive gifted and talented education. Students were assessed at four time points on a standardized measure of general vocabulary and a researcher-developed academic vocabulary test. On both vocabulary measures, IFEP students slightly outperformed English-only (EO) students on average, and EO students scored higher than RFEP and LEP students at baseline. RFEP and LEP students showed slower rate of growth than their EO peers in general vocabulary. While both EO and language minority students showed summer setback with general vocabulary knowledge on average, the magnitude of summer setback was not as great for LEP students. In academic vocabulary, all subgroups of language minority students showed more rapid rate of growth than their EO peers. Only the REP students experienced a change in the learning trajectory during the summer months. We discuss the implications of these findings for all language groups. 相似文献
2.
Marschark M Sarchet T Convertino CM Borgna G Morrison C Remelt S 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2012,17(1):61-74
This study explored relations of print exposure, academic achievement, and reading habits among 100 deaf and 100 hearing college students. As in earlier studies, recognition tests for book titles and magazine titles were used as measures of print exposure, college entrance test scores were used as measures of academic achievement, and students provided self-reports of reading habits. Deaf students recognized fewer magazine titles and fewer book titles appropriate for reading levels from kindergarten through Grade 12 while reporting more weekly hours of reading. As in previous studies with hearing college students, the title recognition test proved a better predictor of deaf and hearing students' English achievement than how many hours they reported reading. The finding that the recognition tests were relatively more potent predictors of achievement for deaf students than hearing students may reflect the fact that deaf students often obtain less information through incidental learning and classroom presentations. 相似文献
3.
Geoffrey F. Schultz 《The Urban Review》1993,25(3):221-232
A correlational study examined relationships between socioeconomic advantage, achievement motivation, and academic performance in an urban elementary school population of 130 minority students (African-American, Hispanic). Level of socioeconomic advantage (more/less) was determined by school records and eligibility for participation in a compensatory school-lunch program for low-income children. A self-report measure of students' self-efficacy, intrinsic value, and self-regulatory learning orientation was used to determine level of achievement motivation (high/low). Performance data in reading and mathematics were obtained from an individually administered achievement test. Multivariate analyses revealed that socioeconomic advantage and achievement motivation are significant mediators of academic performance in minority children, independent of intellectual ability. The classroom implications of socioeconomic advantage and achievement motivation on individual differences in academic performance of minority children in urban elementary schools are discussed. 相似文献
4.
少数民族大学生英语写作教学策略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对少数民族与汉族大学生的大学英语写作成绩的对比,发现前者成绩明显低于后者。之所以出现这种状况,除学生入学英语水平差异外,大学英语写作课程、大学英语写作教学都没有针对少数民族学生的具体情况进行也是不可忽视的因素。为了有针对性地提高少数民族大学生的英语写作水平,本文从建构少数民族大学生英语写作网络自主学习平台,进行分班分级教学和改进写作课的教学方法三个方面提出了解决办法。 相似文献
5.
刘风 《青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007,(3):135-138
学习自我效能和归因理论是当今世界备受关注的动机理论,是学生学业成就的良好＂预测器＂。本文以不同生源的250名藏族学生为调查对象,研究了藏族学生的学习自我效能和归因方式,为提高多民族地区的教育教学管理水平,培养合格的少数民族专业技术人才,提供科学依据。 相似文献
6.
William B. Armstrong 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(8):681-695
Growth in the use of testing to determine student eligibility for community college courses has prompted debate and litigation regarding over the equity, access, and legal implications of these practices. In California, this has resulted in state regulations requiring that community colleges provide predictive validity evidence of test-score?based inferences and course prerequisites. In addition, companion measures that supplement placement test scores must be used for placement purposes. However, for both theoretical and technical reasons the predictive validity coefficients between placement test scores and final grades or retention in a course generally demonstrate a weak relationship. The study discussed in this article examined the predictive validity of placement test scores with course grade and retention in English and mathematics courses. The investigation produced a model to explain variance in course outcomes using test scores, student background data, and instructor differences in grading practices. The model produced suggests that student dispositional characteristics explain the high proportion of variance in the dependent variables. Including instructor grading practices in the model adds significantly to the explanatory power and suggests that grading variations make accurate placement more problematic. This investigation underscores the importance of academic standards as something imposed on students by an institution and not something determined by the entering abilities of students. 相似文献
7.
《教育实用测度》2013,26(4):403-410
Providing an equal education for the 3.5 million children who do not have a sufficient knowledge of the English language and to help them participate fully in mainstream classrooms is a growing challenge for U.S. public schools. Education reform and accountability initiatives in several states are beginning to include limited English proficient (LEP) students in their assessment efforts. Educators recognize the importance of maintaining rigorous standards and high expectations for language minority students. Legal mandates require periodic assessments of LEP students' progress and the allocation of additional resources where needed. Texas leads the country in bringing about academic accountability for LEP students-through evaluating and reporting annually on their progress in English-language literacy and in their learning of school subjects, and by documenting the steady growth in successful performance on state tests by this special population. 相似文献
8.
Daugherty Lindsay Gerber Russell Martorell Francisco Miller Trey Weisburst Emily 《Research in higher education》2021,62(7):1086-1111
Traditionally colleges have relied on standalone non-credit-bearing developmental education (DE) to support students academically and ensure readiness for college-level courses. As emerging evidence has raised concerns about the effectiveness of DE courses, colleges and states have been experimenting with approaches that place students into credit-bearing coursework more quickly. To better understand which types of students might be most likely to benefit from being placed into college-level math coursework, this study examines heterogeneity in the causal effects of placement into college-level courses using a regression discontinuity design and administrative data from the state of Texas. We focus on student characteristics that are related to academic preparation or might signal a student’s likelihood of success or need for additional support and might therefore be factors considered for placement into college-level courses under “holistic advising” or “multiple measures” initiatives. We find heterogeneity in outcomes for many of the measures we examined. Students who declared an academic major designation, had bachelor’s degree aspirations, tested below college readiness on multiple subjects, were designated as Limited English Proficiency (LEP), and/or were economically disadvantaged status were more likely to benefit from placement into college-level math. Part-time enrollment or being over the age of 21 were associated with reduced benefits from placement into college-level math. We do not find any heterogeneity in outcomes for our high school achievement measure, three or more years of math taken in high school.
相似文献9.
Although a large literature explores the achievement gap between minority and non-minority students, very little is known about whether disparities in access to technology are partly responsible. Data from the first-ever field experiment involving the random provision of free computers to low-income community college students for home use are used to explore whether home computers are beneficial to minority students. I find that minority students receiving free computers achieved better educational outcomes than the control group that did not receive free computers. Minority students may have benefitted more from receiving free computers because of fewer alternatives for accessing home computers due to lower rates of computer ownership among family, friends, and relatives. Implications for the achievement gap and policy are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Two studies examined students classified as having learning disabilities (LD) who had received course substitutions for the college foreign language (FL) requirement. In the first study, 42 students at one university were divided into groups and compared on measures of IQ, academic achievement, FL aptitude, college grade point average (GPA), and FL and English grades. Findings showed that most of the 42 students had been classified as LD in college after experiencing problems in FL courses. Comparisons based on students' performance on measures of FL aptitude, native language skill, and performance in FL courses showed few significant group differences. In the second study, the 42 students from the first study were compared with 86 students at another university who had also been classified as LD and received course substitutions for the college FL requirement. Comparisons on demographic information and measures of IQ, academic achievement, FL aptitude, college GPA, and FL GPA showed few significant differences between the two groups. Both studies suggest that students classified as LD at different universities exhibit similar demographic, cognitive, academic achievement, and FL aptitude profiles and that educators should not make the a priori assumption that students classified as LD require course substitutions for the FL requirement or experience problems with FL learning. 相似文献
11.
利用Oxford(1990)编制的语言学习策略量表(SILL),对广西贺州市富川瑶族自治县两所中学的235名高二学生进行了问卷调查,分析了他们英语学习策略使用的总体情况,且对学习策略的使用是否与英语成绩存在相关关系及高分组与低分组学生、男生与女生在策略的使用上是否存在差异进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)学生最经常使用的策略是补偿策略,使用频率最低的是记忆策略;(2)高分组学生在记忆、认知、元认知及情感策略的使用上显著高于低分组学生;女生在记忆、认知、元认知、情感及社交策略上的使用频率显著高于男生;(3)除补偿策略外,其余五项策略与英语学习成绩显著相关,元认知策略对英语成绩具有36%的预测力,对瑶族高中学生英语学习成绩影响最大。 相似文献
12.
Chenoa S. Woods Toby Park Shouping Hu Tamara Bertrand Jones 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2019,43(1):5-25
Academic underpreparedness is an issue for many first-time-in-college students, particularly those entering community colleges. Whereas many underprepared students enroll in developmental education, research has indicated that traditional remediation may not increase students’ chances for success. Therefore, states and colleges have begun to implement new course placement strategies to increase the accuracy of initial course placement and new instructional approaches to better serve their developmental students. Specifically, in 2013, the state of Florida passed Senate Bill 1720 which redesigned developmental coursework and placement policies across the Florida College System. The reform lifted developmental education placement exam testing and course enrollment requirements for certain exempt students, irrespective of prior academic preparation or achievement. The current study focuses on these exempt students—those who had the option to bypass developmental education—who were also underprepared, and their initial course selection and subsequent success in their gateway (introductory college-level) English course. Using statewide student-level data and logistic regression techniques, the results indicated that level of preparation was related to students’ course enrollment and gateway English course success. Students slightly underprepared in reading or writing were more likely than severely underprepared students to enroll in the gateway English class, relative to a developmental reading or writing course. In reading and writing, slightly underprepared students were more likely to pass English, relative to severely underprepared students. The authors consider the findings in light of recent national changes to developmental education and offer recommendations for policy and practice. 相似文献
13.
编制大学生学业成就量表,以某理工高校的在校大学生为调查对象,实施大学生学业成就调查。结果发现:当前大学生学业成就总体良好,人际沟通和自我管理好于学习认知和专业能力;大三学业成就最低,大四有所回升;学生干部的学业成就好于非学生干部的学业成就。针对大学生学业成就的现状和特点,从不同方面提出提升大学生学业成就的建议。 相似文献
14.
Moisés Próspero Shetal Vohra-Gupta 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(12):963-975
The study reported in this article investigated motivation and integration dimensions that influence college academic achievement of first-generation students compared to nonfirst-generation students. Participants consisted of 277 ethnically diverse students who were attending a community college. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses revealed that motivation and integration dimensions contributed significantly to academic achievement for first-generation students, but not for nonfirst-generation students. Specifically, among first-generation students, academic integration contributed to higher grade point averages while extrinsic motivation and amotivation contributed significantly to lower grades. Implications of these finding and recommendations are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Carol Ward Benjamin G. Gibbs Rilee Buttars Patricia Grace Gaither Bert Burraston 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2013,18(4):312-335
This study examines math and English standardized test score progress of students who participated in the 21st century program across 2 years of involvement with a focus on the learning trajectories of limited English proficiency (LEP) students. We find that math and English scores are highly associated with the school and program type—even within a single school district. LEP participants are the furthest behind but have the highest gains compared to other participants. Results vary based on the type of outcome (math or reading), the type of activity (academic or enrichment), and the grade level (elementary or middle school). 相似文献
16.
社会资本对美国少数民族参与高等教育的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
美国高等教育入学机会中存在明显的种族差异 ,白人的中学毕业生比黑人和西班牙裔的中学毕业生更容易进入大学。对于影响高等教育入学机会的因素 ,教育经济学集中研究家庭收入和政府财政支持对入学机会的影响 ,把高等教育看作一种投资来分析投资回报率、大学学位的收入等对学生入学选择的影响。本文以社会资本理论为框架 ,提出家庭内部及家庭与学校之间的社会关系和社会网所产生的资源 ,对美国少数民族学生高等教育入学机会产生显著影响。笔者以长期跟踪调查研究的美国两万多名学生为样本 ,运用因素分析法测定社会资本的各个指标 ,同时分别从学生和学校两个维度进行多层次分析。多层次分析结果表明 :在学生水平上 ,家庭的社会经济地位、中学的专业成绩和中学选修的课程对美国少数民族学生的高等教育入学机会产生显著影响。在学校方面 ,学校社会经济地位的平均水平、教会学校以及家庭的教育期望也深刻影响着美国少数民族学生的高等教育入学机会。 相似文献
17.
Rodney A. Clifton Raymond P. Perry Lance W. Roberts Tracey Peter 《Research in higher education》2008,49(8):684-703
Researchers have recently claimed that there are substantial differences in the psychosocial dispositions and academic achievement
of male and female college students. To test this proposition, a sample of 854 undergraduate students were selected from a
major Canadian Research-1 university. Multiple regression analyses assessed the effects of gender and several other independent
variables on coping strategies, academic control, self-esteem, and grade point averages. Few differences emerged between the
genders on the psychosocial dispositions or on academic achievement. The results suggest that both male and female students
can improve their coping strategies and academic control, which together directly affect their academic achievement. 相似文献
18.
This article argues for the importance of integrating a focus on language, literacy, and academic development for United States-educated language minority (US-LM) students, sometimes called Generation 1.5. It describes four initiatives at community colleges in California that aim to do so. US-LM students have completed some K–12 schooling in the United States, but their English is considered by community college faculty, staff, or assessment measures to be inadequate for college-level instruction. Although enacting effective language and literacy support for Generation 1.5 has centered on debates about whether these students belong in English as a Second Language (ESL) or remedial English courses, how they can best be identified and tested, or whether they should be taught in separate classes, we argue that more fundamental shifts are needed. Instead of conceiving of students’ language and literacy development solely in terms of progress through ESL or remedial English sequences, educators designing support for US-LM students must also consider larger contexts of students’ academic progress, promoting students’ development of language and literacy for success in academic and professional settings as well as progress toward completing credits required for associate degrees, certificates, and transfer to four-year institutions. 相似文献
19.
Aaron M. Perez Judy McShannon Pat Hynes 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):379-385
Community college administrators look for strategies to help students. GRASP (Gaining Retention and Achievement for Students Program) is a semester-long faculty development program that coaches community college instructors about simple, effective teaching strategies that promote student academic achievement. GRASP is founded on the belief that academic achievement is based on good teaching, which begins with faculty development. The major assumption for GRASP is that faculty are the single most important factor for student success. GRASP was offered at Doña Ana Community College (DACC). Located in Las Cruces, New Mexico, just 40 miles from the border of Mexico, DACC has a student population that is 70% minority. Results for GRASP indicate that overall student success improved by 7.9%, and that overall student retention improved by 4.0% for students participating in GRASP. 相似文献
20.
This study examines the academic performance and “engagement” of ethnic minority students at a leading university in southwest China. Results indicate that ethnic minority students have significantly lower grades, lower class ranking, and have failed more courses than majority Han students. Results also show that the level of student-faculty interaction (SFI) for ethnic minority students is significantly lower than for Han students. Study results also indicate that average scores in coursework and student ranking among their cohorts are significantly, but weakly, correlated with SFI. The study concludes that SFI may have little influence on students’ academic achievement itself, but would help students integrate into the college community, enabling a sense of belonging, which is a major factor in supporting academic success among ethnic minority students. 相似文献