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本研究基于生态位理论构建了区域创新生态系统生态位适宜度评价指标体系和评价模型,并对中国30个省市2009-2018共十年的区域创新生态系统进行评价。研究结果表明：⑴ 中国整体的创新生态位适宜度较低,但进化空间较大,发展趋势较好;⑵ 中国的创新引领地区和创新领先地区共涵盖20%的省市,其余为创新落后地区,创新生态系统发展呈现区域不均衡;⑶ 在区域分布方面,创新生态位适宜度呈现从东部到西部递减趋势。此外,采用GM（1,1）模型预测系统对2020-2024五年的生态位适宜度进行预测,研究结果表明：⑴ 2020-2024年,中国整体的创新生态位适宜度将有所提升;⑵ 在权重方面,2020-2024年,生境生态位将继续占据区域创新生态系统最重要的位置。 相似文献
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运用生态位适宜度模型测算我国30个省市2010—2018年区域创新生态系统的适宜度,采用系统GMM和中介效应分析方法,实证研究区域创新生态系统适宜度对生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚的创新驱动影响。研究表明,我国区域创新生态系统生态位适宜度呈现区域不平衡特征。区域创新生态系统的生态位适宜度越高,越有助于促进产业协同集聚。技术创新在此过程中的中介效应显著。分项来看,创新群落对产业协同集聚负向作用显著,创新资源和创新环境的效应不显著,创新能力对产业协同集聚具有正向作用。 相似文献
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在创新生态系统理论基础上,分析系统稳定性、网络结构与创新生态位的关联,并对系统稳定性与创新生态位之间的关系提出研究假设,构建创新生态系统内主体之间的研发协作关系网络。通过计算汽车产业中核心企业创新生态位适宜度,运用SNA分析对核心企业群落形成的产业创新网络进行结构测度,从而进行实证检验。结果发现：系统结构中网络聚集度与创新生态位适宜度呈倒U关系;核心度与创新生态位适宜度正向相关;系统的效能中网络接近中心性和中介中心性与创新生态位适宜度正向相关。最后,针对研究结果提出对应结论建议。 相似文献
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新时代创新引领发展对培育和优化创新生态系统提出新要求,需要准确客观评价区域创新生态系统健康状况。基于传统生态位适宜度模型进行改进修正,采用PCA分析法对生态因子赋权以解决评价指标共线性问题,提炼创新生态系统的开放性、多样性与协同性、演进性与成长性、可持续性等固有特征,从特性角度重构区域创新生态系统健康评价指标体系。从描述性分析和定量分析两个角度对省域和城市两个不同层次的区域创新生态系统进行健康评价。研究表明,模型与指标适合评价创新生态系统的健康度;我国区域创新生态系统健康度不平衡状况仍在加剧。培育优化创新生态系统要注重久久为功,突出新增长极,形成内生动力,促进创新行为者融合共生。 相似文献
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基于可视化技术对态势感知系统的支撑机制,构建林业产业生态位演化因子的态势感知可视化模型,以提取并识别合理的、科学的、适宜的林业产业生态位演化因子,为林业产业环境优化和生态位"扩态增势"提供整合性的决策依据。研究表明:第一,林业产业生态位演化是由资源、需求等利导因子,技术、政策和体制等限制因子共同推动,不同因子的优势度存在较大差异;第二,要不断强化高优势度的因子,也要持续关注低优势度的因子,以实现东北国有林区林业产业生态位优化和林业产业正向演化。 相似文献
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为探究以传统制造企业为核心的数字创新生态系统构建过程,并弥补以往主要从意义建构单一认知层面探讨问题的不足,选取潍柴动力股份有限公司为研究对象,运用纵向单案例研究方法,基于意义建构与资源编排相结合的视角,探索核心企业意义建构、资源编排与数字创新生态系统构建的内在机制。结果发现：（1）意义建构及其跨层次传递是推动数字创新生态系统构建的先决条件,意义建构的形成和转变是核心企业为匹配适应环境中技术与需求变化的结果;（2）核心企业始于领导层面的跨层次意义建构及其引发的资源编排行为,以及二者的交互和协同演进是推动数字创新生态系统构建的核心机制;（3）意义建构通过资源编排获得反馈,不断对自身认知进行迭代,最终实现从生态基础搭建到生态共享,进而发展到创新生态可持续发展。从而得到启示：核心企业数字创新生态系统构建的关键驱动因素是管理者认知,同时管理者要充分重视引导高管团队、企业及企业间形成统一认知的意义给赋行为,并充分重视资源编排行为的价值。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献