共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
汪敏飞 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,48(1):76-78
语言具有任意性,与语言的任意性相对应的是语言的象似性,它是指语言符号与其所指之间存在的对应关系。杜撰词和原型词之间存在着一定的语音、形态、语义理据,它们之间的共同基础往往是借助于原有的语言词汇和语义知识,依靠联想去激活读者的创新思维来达到或获得独特的交际效果。杜撰词往往具有映象象似、拟象象似或隐喻象似等象似性特征。 相似文献
2.
宋然然 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,29(5):119-121
象似性是认知语义学的中心内容之一。它是指语言符号的能指与所指之间的自然联系,其研究对于了解语言和认知之间的关系有重要意义。从修辞的角度看,语音象似性、数量象似性、距离象似性和顺序象似性都会产生积极的修辞效果。 相似文献
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形式与意义之间的关系历来是语言学界颇具争议的一个话题。索绪尔将能指与所指的关系界定为“任意性”,但认知语言学的研究成果表明：象似性是语言的本源性特征。从认知角度出发。对英汉语中句法象似性的几个主要体现层面：距离象似性、数量象似性、顺序象似性及标记象似性进行分析,可以为英汉语中的相关规则和表达形式提供理据。 相似文献
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语言象似性主要论述语言形式与所指意义之间的理据关系。本文试图探索语言符号在语用层面的相似性,提出四条语用象似性原则,包括语用数量象似性原则、语用顺序象似性原则、语用距离象似性原则和语用标志象似性原则,并分析证明语用象似性原则的存在。 相似文献
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杨晴 《湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2006,28(3):150-153
象似性普遍存在于文学与非文学篇章之中,对于诗歌语言而言,象似性是其规则,并被强调为制约诗歌篇章结构的原则之一。诗歌中的象似性体现在它的词,句法,篇章以及语义上。本文将简单论述用映象象似,拟象象似和隐喻象似的原则欣赏诗歌。 相似文献
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句法象似性在《高级英语》教学中的运用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
象似性是当今认知语言学中的热门话题之一,它是指语言符号的能指与所指之间的自然联系,其研究对了解语言和认知之间的关系有重要意义。语言结构的象似性是指语言结构与人的经验结构或概念结构之间的自然联系,而句法象似原则是其重要原则之一。本文分别论述距离象似性,数量象似性,顺序象似性在《高级英语》教学中的运用。 相似文献
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张序娅 《和田师范专科学校学报》2009,28(6):141-142
语言符号既有任意性,也有象似性。象似性是当今认知语言学研究中的一个重要课题。是指语言符号的能指与所指之间的自然联系。象似性存在于语言的各个方面．语言象似性特别是句法象似性是客观存在的。本文在讨论句法象似性的基本原则基础上,探讨句法象似性在语法教学中的重要性。 相似文献
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《佳木斯教育学院学报》2016,(12)
本文运用象似性理论分析李清照词中的映像象似,拟象象似和隐喻象似,从而揭示诗词中形式与意义的深层含义及认知机制,证明象似性理论的阐释力,也为诗词赏析提供一种新的视角。 相似文献
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本文从认知语言学的象似性理论出发,探讨英汉凝固词词序问题,揭示出英汉语凝固词词序受顺序象似性、接近象似性以及文化观念等认知因素的制约。 相似文献
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本文调查研究了中国手语方言之一的上海手语名词手势因年龄因素所产生的变异.调查结果表明:两个不同年龄组的聋人在打斯瓦迪什词表中的92个名词手势时没有特别显著差异;而113个其他的名词手势中有14个在手形、位置、手动及手动方向存在明显差异.调查发现上海手语名词手势存在年龄变异,语言经济原则、社会变革、科学技术的发展及语言接触是产生变异的主要原因. 相似文献
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Recent research into signed languages indicates that signs may share some properties with gesture, especially in the use of space in classifier constructions. A prediction of this proposal is that there will be similarities in the representation of motion events by sign-naive gesturers and by native signers of unrelated signed languages. This prediction is tested for deaf native signers of Australian Sign Language (Auslan), deaf signers of Taiwan Sign Language (TSL), and hearing nonsigners using the Verbs of Motion Production task from the Test Battery for American Sign Language (ASL) Morphology and Syntax. Results indicate that differences between the responses of nonsigners, Auslan signers, and TSL signers and the expected ASL responses are greatest with handshape units; movement and location units appear to be very similar. Although not definitive, these data are consistent with the claim that classifier constructions are blends of linguistic and gestural elements. 相似文献
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语言是人类特有的高级心理机能,其基本材料是词。词汇是目前语言学研究最活跃、最富有成果的领域之一,词汇识别也是现代认知心理学和心理语言学研究的重要问题。在目前的研究中,汉语词汇的几种表征与加工机制仍然存在争议,并且汉语词汇的横向、纵向研究发展迅速。回顾以往研究我们发现,汉语词汇的研究主要集中在:汉语双字词使用频率的研究、汉语双字词语义作用的研究、汉语合成双字词的研究,以及汉语成语加工的研究。今后汉语词汇加工研究的重点是:寻找出汉语词汇通达的规律以及通达过程中的眼动机制和脑机制,建立汉语词汇识别的认知加工模型。 相似文献
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根据皮尔士的象似性理论,文字可分为象形字、引得字和记号字三种类型。汉字中的所谓记号字,其实大部分可以归入形体和所记录的语言单位的音义两方面之间有着一定现实性联系的宽式象形字、宽式形声字等。它们可以统称为引得字。与记号字相比,引得字概念强调汉字的理据性。包括记号字、引得字和古代"六书"在内的"全八书"是覆盖古今全部汉字的一种归类方法。 相似文献
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Johnston T 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2001,6(4):235-257
Results of the noun-verb pair comprehension and production tests from the Test Battery for Auslan Morphology and Syntax (Schembri et al., 2000) are re-presented, re-analyzed, and compared to data from two other cases also dealing with noun-verb pairs: the Auslan lexical database and a comparison of Auslan and American Sign Language (ASL) signs. The data elicited through the test battery and presented in this article confirm the existence of formationally related noun-verb pairs in Auslan in which the verb displays a single movement and the noun displays a repeated movement. The data also suggest that the best exemplars of noun-verb pairs of this type in Auslan form a distinct set of iconic (mimetic) signs archetypically based on inherently reversible actions (such as opening and shutting). This strong iconic link perhaps explains why the derivational process appears to be of limited productivity, though it does appear to have "spread" to a number of signs that appear to have no such iconicity. There appears to be considerable variability in the use of the derivational markings, particularly in connected discourse, even for signs of the "open and shut" variety. Overall, the derivational process is apparently still closely linked to an iconic base, is incipient in the grammar of Auslan, and is thus best described as only partially grammaticalized. 相似文献
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The study examined the role of sign language and fingerspelling in the development of the reading and writing skills of deaf children and youth. Twenty-six deaf participants (13 children, 13 adolescents), whose first language was Chilean Sign Language (CHSL), were examined. Their dactylic abilities were evaluated with tasks involving the reading and writing of dactylic and orthographic codes. The study included three experiments: (a) the identification of Chilean signs and fingerspelled words, (b) the matching of fingerspelled words with commercial logos, and (c) the decoding of fingerspelled words and the mapping of these words onto the writing system. The results provide convergent evidence that the use of fingerspelling and sign language is related to orthographic skills. It is concluded that fingerspelling can facilitate the internal representation of words and serve as a supporting mechanism for reading acquisition. 相似文献
17.
中国聋人手语脑功能成像的研究 总被引：9，自引：8，他引：9
本研究采用功能性磁共振脑成像 (fMRI)技术 ,首次以中国手语作为实验材料 ,通过外显手语和内隐手语刺激的比较 ,探查中国手语在聋人左、右半球大脑皮层的功能定位情况。研究的结果表明 :( 1 )手语与有声语言的绝大多数功能区是叠合的 ,与正常人和美国手语的研究结果相似 ,聋人的视觉性语言优势半球也是在左半球。语言的半球单侧化现象以及语言大脑功能定位区很少受语言模式特征的影响。 ( 2 )聋人手语的信息加工过程包括语言加工和视觉空间认知 ,语言加工模块与空间认知加工模块之间是存在一定的共享成分 ,这为跨模块可塑性理论提供了实证依据。 ( 3 )研究进一步表明 ,手语是一种有助于促进聋人大脑语言区活动的刺激 ,倡导在聋教中采用“双语教育”和强调中国手语的语言地位 相似文献
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Inclusion of deaf children in regular classrooms is often described as unsuccessful. The present article shows how communicative and metacommunicative strategies used in teacher(s)-deaf students(s) interactions may facilitate inclusion. A fourth-grade classroom was investigated where a coteaching approach--a master teacher working with a teacher trained in Brazilian Sign Language (BSL)--was used. The class, 7 deaf and 19 hearing students, was selected because of the teacher dyad's effectiveness with these students. The teachers' interactive styles and strategies are highlighted, along with communicative and metacommunicative processes that occurred between them and the deaf students. The authors show that meanings are co-constructed not only through words or BSL but through nonverbal actions. Relational metacommunicative strategies make integration more effective and learning easier and more pleasant; therefore, dialogue with deaf children entails more than the mere use of words, either vocally or with signs. 相似文献
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In the current study, we report two eye movement experiments investigating how Chinese readers process incremental words during reading. These are words where some of the component characters constitute another word (an embedded word). In two experiments, eye movements were monitored while the participants read sentences with incremental words whose first two characters (Experiment 1) or last two characters (Experiment 2) constituted a word (referred to respectively as “head-embedded” and “tail embedded”). Reading times on these words were longer when the frequencies of the embedded words were lower. However, this was only seen on first fixation duration for head-embedded words. These results suggest that embedded words are activated when Chinese readers process incremental words, and that this activation is earlier for a head-embedded word than for a tail-embedded word. These results support a hierarchical model which assumes that the representation for whole word is activated via the representation of its constituent morphemes. 相似文献
20.
美国手语既不同于英语,也不同于手势代码英语,它有着自己独特的语法规则和使用要求.如在句子的语序上和书面语言、口语不同,聋人往往将需要强调的内容放在最后.在使用动词时根据其方向性分为单一方向、多向和无方向性三类.动词的时态需要用表示特定时间的手势来说明.在将手势组成句子时,按主题说明式、因果关系和刺激反应式、真实时间顺序式和从总体到具体的句型.作为一种视觉语言,它更强调用面部表情、体态语言等配合手势表达情意.如在表达否定思想时伴以摇头;在于聋人进行交往时要考虑光线、位置、动作的方向等因素;在有必要使用指拼时,双方都要以单词为单位来表达感知.这样才能实现有效的交流. 相似文献