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进入21世纪以来的中国经济发展过程中水资源的矛盾进一步加剧,各种水资源问题凸显,例如水资源污染、地下水开采过多、水资源南北东西分布不均衡等各类问题。面对未来一段时期内严峻的水资源问题,如何保障我国的水资源安全,并缓解我国水资源的供给和需求的突出矛盾,以实现国民经济和生态环境的良性互动发展,成为一个拷问我们个人的不可逃避的问题。文章依据国内最新的全国水资源调查分析评估结果,结合了中国水资源的现状和特点的基础上,探讨了目前我国水资源安全存在的一些主要的问题以及有效的解决途径。 相似文献
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"引水入洱"工程,是平衡大理地区城市化、工农业发展、人口集聚和旅游业发展增加的洱海水环境负荷,保障保护生态环境优美所需要的优质水资源供给,实现洱海流域生态环境长远保护和社会经济长期可持续发展的根本途径。借此,提出将剑川水资源涵养区纳入洱海流域生态保护规划区进行统一保护、开发和利用,实施新建桃园水库、羊岑水库,扩建剑湖水库等工程措施与建议。 相似文献
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本文主要阐述了水资源开发利用中存在的环境问题及其产生的主要原因,水资源环境管理的基本内容和方法,即:完善菅理体制和管理组织机构,加强水资源的统一管理;树立水环境资源有偿使用的市场观念,要把其引入水资源管理;实行水污染物总量控制,推行许可证制度,实现水量与水质并重管理;大力发展水资源的安全保障和循环再利用系统;加强水利工程建设,积极开发新水源等问题。 相似文献
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我国城市环境水利问题及其研究方向 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
城市环境水利问题是环境水利学这门新兴学科的一个重要课题。城市环境水利的研究对象是城市水资源与环境及其相互作用,它主要包括下述三个方面的研究内容:(1)城市水资源开发对环境的影响。这种影响有些是有利的,过去在水资源开发中往往有较多的论述;有些是不利的,过去很长时间几乎被忽略了,但是随着水资源开发程度的提高,伴随着高效益的同时,这种不利影响的程度也大大增加了,有时它在决定水资源开发行为中具有举足轻重的位置。环境水利的主要任务之一就是要探讨不利影响的减免措施。(2)环境及其变化对城市 相似文献
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水是人类生命之源,水是经济腾飞的先决条件,水环境不容污染,水资源不是取之不尽用之不完的。随着社会和经济的高速发展,环境问题突出水面。城市水环境的恶化,更加剧了水资源的短缺,影响着人们的身心健康,严重制约着城市的可持续发展。 相似文献
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当今社会,随着科学的发展、时代的进步、人口的迅猛增长,人类赖以生存的环境受到污染,生态环境遭到破坏,环境问题已从地域性走向全球性,人类必须爱护地球,共同关心和解决全球性的环境问题。因为我们"只有一个地球"。水是生命的源泉,没有水,我们的生活将无法继续下去。水资源的污染及短缺是当今社会面临的一个重大问题。青海省西宁市不仅水资源短缺而且面临着严重的水质污染问题,这与每个市民都息息相关。本文就是以此为研究课题,深入了解西宁市城市水污染的具体现状,并根据该现状进行多方面分析,并指出导致这些问题不能及时解决的原因,最后提出并总结了治理水污染的对策。 相似文献
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袁强 《大科技．科学之谜》2014,(6):234-235
随着社会的不断发展,在这个过程中,城市化进程不断加剧,城市工程地质勘察也越发的频繁。城市工程的地质勘察,能在根本上保障对城市内的建筑物进行改造。城市化进程的加剧带来的最终的结果就是城市建筑工程越来越多,这种情况下,会在很大程度上破坏或改造了地质环境,也会在很大程度上对周边的环境产生了影响和破坏。随着城市的日益的发展和进步,在这个程度上,要想切实的最大限度的利用土地,又不会给周围的建筑和环境造成影响,就要全面的进行城市工程地质勘察,保证能通过地质勘察,全面的保证建筑物的稳定和生态环境的平衡,保证更好的推动城市的建设,保证能全面的提高经济效益和社会效益。但是在不断的发展过程中,地质勘察工作中会存在着许多问题。本文主要分析城市工程地质勘察中存在的环境问题及措施。 相似文献
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21世纪水资源管理应着力解决的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水资源是21世纪稀缺的基础自然资源，是一个国家或一个区域综合国力的有机组成部分，是社会经济发展中的重要战略性经济资源。水问题作为我国21世纪经济发展最突出的重大问题，正牵制着社会经济的快速发展，加强水资源统一管理已经是当务之急。我国的水问题主要有三个方面：水资源供需矛盾日益尖锐，干旱缺水，水环境恶化加剧，洪涝水患频繁，经济损失巨大。水问题己成为当前影响我国社会经济可持续发展的制约因素。水问题中突出的又是水资源的使用和保护问题。水资源是不可替代的自然资源，是有限的。但是由于人口数量的增长、经济的发展，工农业和城市对水资源的要求逐年大幅度增长，我国的水量耗用每年约以100亿立方的规模增加。 相似文献
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基于DPSIR概念的城市水资源安全评价及调控 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
城市水资源安全对保障城市和地区的可持续发展起着至关重要的作用,是城市生态安全研究的重要内容之一。文章利用环境系统评价中广泛使用的“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”概念框架（DPSIR）,结合内陆河流域水资源供需调配、水质污染控制以及水资源安全管理理论,从系统动力学的角度出发,构建了流域水资源安全评价DPSIR框架,并以黑河流域中游张掖市甘州区为例,建立水资源系统变化的驱动因素、压力、影响以及人类活动的数学模型,定量分析水资源系统人1：7-经济-水资源之间的相互作用和反馈机制。结果显示：从2002年到2007张掖市甘州区水资源系统总体趋于良性循环;人口增长、社会经济发展、工、农业用水量的增长是引起城市水资源系统压力的主要因素;工业污水、生活污水是造成水资源系统恶化的主要因素。文章最后依据DPSIR模型中关键性控制指标,提取了影响城市水资源系统的主要可调控参数,以期为城市水资源的管理提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献