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1.
采用博弈分析的方法,对数字图书馆信息服务过程中著作权保护问题进行研究,提出建立数字图书馆与用户、数字图书馆与著作权人的不完全信息静态博弈模型;研究博弈双方的混合策略纳什均衡和策略反应函数,并在混合策略纳什均衡解的基础上,推导出博弈空间,探寻有效规避数字图书馆信息服务过程中著作权侵权问题的方法,认为应从加大对用户违规使用数字资源的处罚力度、建立行业自律机制、加强著作权人监督机制等方面采取相应措施。 相似文献
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企业实施软件项目的过程是一种发生在企业与软件公司之间的合作博弈和动态博弈。本文用博弈论的方法从定性和定量两个角度分析企业与软件公司之间的这种博弈行为,得出结论:只有企业明确项目目标,充分向软件公司展示需求,同时软件公司提供正确的项目解决方案和产品,双方积极努力合作,才能实现博弈的纳什均衡,即双方利益最大化。 相似文献
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政府官员有个人利益主体和公共利益代表双重身份,按照公共选择理论,人们愿意选择失真但符合个人利益的信息,政府官员也愿意选择失真但符合个人利益的政府信息。为此,政府官员可以采用个人造假、向外部转嫁和与公众博弈3种手段实现其目标。公众与政府双方博弈力量不均衡就无法实现纳什均衡,从而导致政府信息失真。 相似文献
4.
分析NPI模式下委托—代工企业知识共享中的收益和成本,在合作与不合作两种情况下建立两阶段博弈模型,运用纳什均衡理论分析知识共享过程得到均衡解,从而证明当双方知识互补性比较高的前提下,选择合作才能实现高的知识共享率。 相似文献
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6.
孔令夷 《科学学与科学技术管理》2015,(1)
我国企业越来越热衷于研发外包以便更快获取先进技术及新产品,因此研究各种要素及外包条件对RD外包博弈中攻防结构及接发包商效用的影响具有较高价值。在两方RD外包模式下,研究RD外包博弈均衡的双方效用值;设计效用流转及触发威慑规则,对几种研发外包情境中的攻防格局及效用分配做了比较研究。发现,纳什外包博弈均衡解是功利思想和平等思想原则的整合;对于发包商而言,效用流转及威慑触发条件下的新均衡解都优于一般均衡解,而且效用流转相对于威慑触发对发包商的攻防位势更有利,使其均衡效用改进幅度更大。 相似文献
7.
三方博弈的纳什均衡求解 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
纳什均衡以其一致预测性在非合作博弈中占有十分关键的作用和地位,本文将分析完全信息静态博弈中的最简单多数博弈,即存在三个博弈方的情况,并列举几个典型例子归纳求解纳什均衡的一般方法. 相似文献
8.
分析在不同的市场结构下,不同属性的标准在被采纳过程中,企业与企业之间以及企业与政府之间的博弈行为,并通过相应的博弈模型试图找到不同状况下博弈的纳什均衡解,为标准被顺利采纳提供针对性政策参考。 相似文献
9.
纳什均衡以其一致预测性在非合作博弈中占有十分关键的作用和地位，本文将分析完全信息静态博弈中的最简单多数博弈，即存在三个博弈方的情况，并列举几个典型例子归纳求解纳什均衡的一般方法。 相似文献
10.
对纳什均衡作了简要回顾,指出知识链成员组织间的知识共享行为实际上是一种博弈行为,并指出这种博弈最终会达到混合策略下的纳什均衡;阐述了极大熵准则的概念,分析了用极大熵准则对纳什均衡的估计;用实例论证了极大熵准则对纳什均衡的估计在知识链组织间知识共享行为中的应用. 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
15.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
16.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
17.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
19.
Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
20.
WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献