共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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③运动能力鉴定,实验室检查结果与慢性疲劳。慢性疲劳的运动员运动能鉴定通常表现最大作功能力及最大血乳酸水平降低。Costill曾报告一例过度训练的越野跑运动员,最大摄氧量不变而奔跑能力降低,即在一定摄氧量下奔跑速度降低。我们和其他研究者发现,过度疲劳和交感型慢性疲劳时,心率和亚极量负荷时摄氧量增加,而血乳酸浓 相似文献
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关于机体在运动中的最大摄氧量和无氧阈 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
任冀军 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》1999,(2)
最大摄氧量和无氧阈在运动训练中具有不同的作用,通过最大摄氧量和无氧阈的生理机制及其关系的阐述,为科学地运用最大摄氧量和无氧阈来提高运动成绩,提供科学依据。 相似文献
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关于最大摄氧量的限制因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孟思进 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(2):43-46
影响最大摄氧量的生理学因素有:氧运输系统被称为中枢因素,骨骼肌氧利用系统被称为外周因素。研究表明,运动形式不同,限制因素不同。心肺系统是人体在完成最大全身运动时最大摄氧量的限制因素,而骨骼肌内外周氧扩散梯度及线粒体容量是人体在完成局部肌肉活动或单侧肢体运动时起主要限制作用。而线粒体容量和氧运输能力在解释不同动物物种间的最大摄氧量差异时是很重要的。 相似文献
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一、最大摄氧量提高体育锻练对老年人最大摄氧量的影响各家看法不一。伯尼斯泰发现,13名70—80岁老年人经过5—6周间歇运动后,直接测得最大摄氧量没有变化。这可能是由于受训者开始的适应水平较高(每公斤体重每分钟最大摄氧量27毫升,1.21毫克分子)或测定方法简单所致。与此相反,伯瑞等人报告,在极限下强度下(最大心率为126次/分,最大乳酸浓度是400毫克/100毫升),5名男、3名女性老人,经三个月间歇运动后,最大摄氧量提高了38％。如果继续增加运动强度,最大摄氧量明显增加,并伴有最大心率、收缩压、乳酸浓 相似文献
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最大摄氧量被视为有氧能力生理指标和耐力成绩指标.运动员的最大摄氧量与耐力成绩高度相关.然而,同项目运动员,如经过专业化训练的跑步运动员,其最大摄氧量与运动成绩的相关性则不是很高.为什么在最大摄氧量相近的个体中,耐力成绩却各不相同? 相似文献
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最大摄氧量(VO_2Max)是人体在运动时心肺功能参数均已达到最大值,这时人体在单位时间内从吸入气中摄取的最大氧量。最大摄氧量是反映人体在极量负荷时心肺功能贮备能力和评定人体有氧工作能力的重要指标,特别与长跑运动员的成绩紧密相关。因此,历来为运动医学专家和教练员所重视。并广泛应用于体育教学和运动训练。目前在欧美和日本等国家已普遍采用心肺功能仪直接测定最大摄氧量,迅速而准确,但该仪器价格昂贵,操作条件要求很高,直接测定最大摄氧量时,受试者主观感觉相当难受,不易在运动实践中推广应用。 相似文献
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关于最大摄氢量的限制因素 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
孟思进 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(2):43-46
影响最大摄氧量的生理学因素有：氧运输系统被称为中根因素，管路肌氧利用系统被称为外周因素。研究表明，运动形式不同，限制因素不同。心肺系统是人体在完成最大全身运动时最大摄氧量的限制因素，而分路肌内外周氧扩散梯度及线粒体容量是人体在完成局部肌肉活动或单侧肢体运动时起主要限制作用。而线粒体容量和氧运输能力在解释不同动物物种间的最大摄氧量差异时是很重要的。 相似文献
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Charles W. Suggs 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):195-205
Abstract Heart rate response to exercise and recovery after exercise were studied analytically on the basis that any energy extracted from a muscle must ultimately be supplied by oxidation. Any discrepancy between oxygen supply rate and equivalent oxygen consumption rate was assumed to be made up by utilizing a finite reserve; thus allowing supply to lag consumption at the onset of exercise. Heart rate was assumed and experimentally demonstrated to be linearly related to oxygen supply rate during both steady-state and the transition period after exercise starts or stops. During recovery the withdrawals from reserves are repaid as heart rate returns to normal. Consideration of these factors resulted in an exponential heart rate response equation which closely agreed with observations. Coefficients, evaluated from experimental data, gave average time constants of 1.2 to 1.7 sec. with recovery being slower than response to exercise. Integration of this equation over the exercise range gave an estimate of the deficiency of supply as compared to consumption. A similar integration over the recovery phase indicated that in this range, supply exceeded consumption by at least as much as it was deficient during the exercise phase. 相似文献
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目的：探讨康复训练后冠心病人进行定量负荷运动时有氧工作能力和心肌供氧的变化，以此为康复效果的评估提供依据。方法：25名男性冠心病人参加了12周有氧多样化运动康复训练，训练前、后对他们在递增负荷运动中的生理和临床指标进行了测定。结果：1）反映冠脉血流和心肌耗氧量的指标RPP，康复训练前在跑台的V级负荷时已超过200，康复训练后增加幅度则有显著下降（P〈0．01）；2）康复训练前受试者的血乳酸浓度（BL）在Ⅳ级运动负荷之后出现了突增（达到4．6mmol／L），而康复训练后他们运动中的BL增加平缓，始终保持较低水平；3）康复训练前在V级运动负荷时受试者的ST下降达到-0．9mm水平，这已接近心肌缺血的阈值，训练后心肌供血出现了明显的改善。结论：康复训练前冠心病人运动中反映运动系统缺氧的BL突增领先于心肌缺血阈值的到达；与康复训练前相比，康复训练后冠心病人在进行相同负荷运动时显示出有氧工作能力有所增强，心肌供氧状况有所改善。 相似文献
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肥胖男青年对两种强度有氧运动的生理代谢反应比较 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
目的:分析两种强度有氧运动过程中机体能源物质动员的特点,为制定减肥运动处方提供理论依据。方法:8名无系统运动训练史的非继发性肥胖男青年进行40%和65%V。O2max强度有氧运动,监测运动过程中受试者HR、血压及RPE等生理指标和血清GLU、TG、FFA及GH等生化指标的变化。结果:40%V。O2max有氧运动过程中HR、收缩压、RPE及血清GLU水平显著低于(舒张压显著高于)65%V。O2max有氧运动;血清GH水平有降低趋势;血清TG、FFA水平显著高于65%V。O2max有氧运动。40%V。O2max有氧运动过程中,脂肪动员程度较大,随着运动强度的增加,机体糖代谢加强,脂代谢减弱。结论:肥胖者宜采用40%V。O2max有氧运动进行减肥健身锻炼,不仅能更大程度地动员脂肪供能,而且相对不易疲劳,主观体力感觉也易于接受。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine oxygen consumption (VO(2)) during and after a single bout of low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement. Eleven healthy men performed the following three types of circuit resistance exercise on separate days: (1) low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement: 50% of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) and 4 s each of lifting and lowering phases; (2) high-intensity resistance exercise with normal movement: 80% of 1-RM and 1 s each of lifting and lowering phases; and (3) low-intensity resistance exercise with normal movement: 50% of 1-RM and 1 s each of lifting and lowering phases. These three resistance exercise trials were performed for three sets in a circuit pattern with four exercises, and the participants performed each set until exhaustion. Oxygen consumption was monitored continuously during exercise and for 180 min after exercise. Average VO(2) throughout the exercise session was significantly higher with high- and low-intensity resistance exercise with normal movement than with low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement (P < 0.05); however, total VO(2) was significantly greater in low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement than in the other trials. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the total excess post-exercise oxygen consumption among the three exercise trials. The results of this study suggest that low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement induces much greater energy expenditure than resistance exercise with normal movement of high or low intensity, and is followed by the same total excess post-exercise oxygen consumption for 180 min after exercise. 相似文献
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不同锻炼行为阶段的体育消费心理 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
基于跨理论模型和体育消费认知决策模型,采用对587名知识分子问卷调查数据,对不同锻炼行为阶段的体育消费心理进行了比较分析,结果表明,1)在前意向→意向→行动阶段,体育消费需要呈现上升趋势;在坚持阶段,体育消费需要少量下降;2)随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展,体育消费满意度呈现逐渐提高的趋势;提高满意度有利于锻炼者向高一级行为阶段转变;3)随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展,体育消费意愿呈现出逐渐增强的趋势,处于高锻炼行为阶段的个体更愿意在体育锻炼上花钱。建议:体育营销把前三个锻炼行为阶段作为体育消费者培育阶段,通过薄利的产品和满意的服务促进更多的体育消费者更快地发展到锻炼行为坚持阶段,培养忠诚的体育消费者,追求在锻炼坚持阶段产生的长期可持续发展的收益。 相似文献
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通过查阅国内相关文献资料,分析了短跑运动能量消耗的基本规律。由于短跑技术动作的不规范、缺乏准备活动或准备不充分、肌肉的紧张、全程节奏紊乱、肌肉柔韧性差、过度紧张的心理,造成了运动员身体能量的大量消耗,致使能量不足而出现肌肉损伤现象。并由此论述短跑运动员肌肉能量消耗与肌肉损伤的相关机理,提出了有利于运动员能量储备的训练方法。 相似文献
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糖尿病是21世纪一种常见的慢性病，是继心脑血管病和癌症之后的第三大疾病。北京市大约有80万糖尿病患者。其中，大约有76万人属于2型糖尿病。运动可以增强机体对胰岛素的敏感性，有助于降低血糖和血脂，增强体质。开发糖尿病运动处方、开展运动处方对降低血糖的影响的研究对治疗糖尿病，提高居民的健康水平具有重要意义。通过实验证实，按照低强度、长时间、周期性、全身大肌肉群参加的有氧运动为主要锻炼内容的运动处方对降低2型糖尿病患者的血糖有明显的辅助作用，并且不会使血糖升高，对于控制糖尿病的血糖水平有积极意义。 相似文献
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Warren K. Palmer 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):1054-1059
Abstract This study was designed to compare man's normal working physiological performance to that during rapid dehydration and rehydration. Seven trained men participated in submaximal exercise trials at three conditions (normal, dehydrated, and rehydrated). During each test measurements were recorded on the subject's rectal temperature change during exercise and recovery, exercise and recovery minute heart rates, minute volume, oxygen consumption, respiratory quotient, ventilatory efficiency, and oxygen pulse. Analysis of the data, employing analysis of variance and Duncan's Multiple Range Test, indicated significant differences in mean exercise and second minute recovery heart rates, with an elevation during the dehydration test, and a return to normalcy for the rehydration test. Oxygen pulse decreased notably with dehydration, returning to normal with rehydration. Mean rectal temperature change, first minute recovery heart rate, oxygen consumption, ventilatory efficiency, minute volume, and respiratory quotient did not exhibit significant change. 相似文献