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1.
Neil Mercer 《教育心理学家》2013,48(3):148-168
In recent years, researchers in evolutionary psychology and anthropology have proposed that the distinctive nature of human cognition is the product of our evolution as social beings; we are born with “social brains” that enable us to manage complex social relationships in ways other animals cannot. I suggest that the concept of the social brain is potentially useful for understanding the dynamic, iterative relationship between individual and collective thinking, and the role of language in mediating that relationship. However, I argue that its current conceptualization is too narrow and individualistic; the concept should be redefined to take account of the distinctive human capacity for thinking collectively. I suggest that Vygotskian sociocultural theory offers a framework for this reconceptualization, which would then enable us to achieve a better understanding of the relationship between “intermental” (collective) activity and “intramental” (individual) intellectual activity and development. I use this theoretical base to propose three explanations for the observed effects of collaborative learning on individual learning and development. 相似文献
2.
《British Journal of Educational Studies》2012,60(2):221-246
Abstract Given the instructional challenges posed by the influx of minority-language children in North America, this article attempts to examine early childhood bi- or multilingualism in one of the fastest growing ethnic minority groups in Canada, Korean-Canadians. By drawing on a Vygotskian perspective, the article focuses on the affective and social aspects of learning for culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) children and their families. With an emphasis on the integration of language and thought, this article first identifies the instructional applications of Vygotskian perspectives and then describes iterative phases of design-based research aimed at developing technology-mediated collaborative learning environments for trilingual Korean-Canadian children. The technology-mediated collaborative learning environment supported young CLD children's affective, social and cognitive needs and created meaning-centered collaborative learning environments. The paper concludes with a consideration of implications of this technology-mediated collaborative learning environment so as to assist teachers who might be confronted with the educational needs of the growing population of CLD children. 相似文献
3.
Peter Silcock 《Education 3-13》2013,41(3):316-329
The Cambridge Primary Review's (CPR) preference for a Vygotskian model of schools learners and learning rather than a Piagetian is queried. There are weaknesses and uncertainties with major Vygotskian ideas such as the ‘zone of proximal development’, ‘internalisation’, ‘joint construction’, ‘language mediation’ and educational acculturation, relative to the Piagetian, while human scientific research with babies suggesting inherited capability thrust humans forearmed into physical and social worlds gives some succour to Piaget's cause. The Vygotskian and CPR premise that teachers can push learners beyond developmentally set limits is not unadulterated good news, depending on how we judge education's acculturation purposes and depending on the kind of learners we want within our educational system. 相似文献
4.
Tanis Bryan 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2003,18(2):94-98
The purpose of this article is to respond to Bernice Wong's questions regarding the efficacy of the risk and resilience model for studying social problems in students with learning disabilities. Two factors render this framework particularly inviting to special education researchers. First, it is inherently optimistic because it assumes that once we identify factors that contribute to resilience, we can train less‐resistant individuals to be more resilient. As such, it moves us away from deficit models to empowering models. Second, the model forces us to look beyond the characteristics of the individual to consider external factors that have a significant influence on development and behavior. At the same time, however, we still need to advance our knowledge regarding the basic dimensions of social problems among students with learning disabilities. Hence, this article argues for multiple approaches to advancing knowledge about students with learning disabilities. 相似文献
5.
The article reviews the social-educational theorization of the early Soviet psychologist L. S. Vygotsky (1896–1934) in the light of the impact of communicative globalization in educational practice. Vygotsky proposed four “genetic domains” for investigating higher cognitive processes: the phylogenetic (humans undergoing natural evolution), the cultural-historical (social activity of humans), the ontogenetic (individual lifespan), and the microgenetic (immediate events). Vygotskian sociocultural theory is widely used in educational research, especially Vygotsky’s notion of mediated development via tools and signs. Since Vygotsky, communicative globalization has transformed educational potentials. Nevertheless, provided adjustments are made to Vygotsky’s genetic method to incorporate time-space compression, the mutual presence of the genetic domains, and the glonacal heuristic, Vygotskian theory continues to be useful in socially-situated investigations of educational development and transformation, and opens another way into the global, for example investigation of the role of global mediation in learning. 相似文献
6.
社会文化理论视角下的外语课堂与语言学习 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘学惠 《课程.教材.教法》2011,(7)
心理语言学取向的二语习得研究为我们提供了诸如输入、输出、形式聚焦等一系列十分有用的概念框架,对语言教学实践也产生了积极影响。但课堂二语习得的更多层面还有待探究。源于维果茨基学说的社会文化理论包括中介、内化、活动、最近发展区等核心概念在内的丰富思想,对我们理解二语课堂的活动系统、教师的中介作用和课堂互动与促进发展的关系等,会提供一种更宽阔的视野。 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Educational Research》2003,39(1-2):99-111
Research in Mexican and British schools provides an empirical basis for arguing that, by the use of certain kinds of interactional strategies, teachers can enable children to become more able in managing individual and joint reasoning and learning activities in the classroom.The research described is based on a sociocultural conception and analysis of education, which focuses on the ways that children can be inducted into the communicative and intellectual activities of the classroom as a ‘community of enquiry’. The research has provided (a) an account of strategies teachers use, and for relating teacher’s scaffolding to the interactive process of knowledge construction; (b) an analysis of ways that children talk when working together on joint activities; and (c) a practical method for promoting children’s effective collaboration, communication, reasoning and learning, successfully tested with British and Mexican primary school children. The results of the research are discussed in relation to a Vygotskian conception of the relationship between ‘intermental’ (social) and ‘intramental’ (psychological) development. 相似文献
8.
人类的学习是在社会活动中,以言语为中介,通过积极思维,主动掌握人类社会历史经验和积累个体经验的过程。对于学生来说,学习外语,不仅要掌握外语知识,而且要在掌握必要的语言知识的同时,熟练掌握运用外语进行交际的各种技能。也就是说,我们掌握一门外语,就是要掌握有关的知识和技能,使其平衡发展。 相似文献
9.
Brian Hudson 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2013,22(3):349-360
Abstract In a context where ever greater emphasis is placed on the need to exploit the potential of information and communications technology, this article argues the need for a theoretical underpinning to such developments. In higher education, the emphasis is often placed on the assumed improved cost-effectiveness associated with ‘flexible’ and ‘independent’ student learning as one of the major benefits, although such notions as flexible and independent learning tend to be taken for granted. It is argued further that even where benefits to learning are emphasised, these are often founded on relatively impoverished views of learning. Often such views fit with a technocentric and positivist perspective on learning, emphasising as they do individualism, information delivery and a limited role for the tutor. This article outlines an alternative theoretical perspective based upon Vygotskian social psychology, activity theory and social practice. Such a perspective is characterised by an emphasis on interaction, communication and collaboration. Learning itself is seen as an aspect of participation in communities of practice, in which the human relationships between teachers and students are seen as fundamental. The theory is exemplified with reference to the use of computer-mediated communication in teacher education using FirstClass computer conferencing software. 相似文献
10.
We review Brown and Kloser’s article, “Conceptual continuity and the science of baseball: using informal science literacy
to promote students science learning” from a Vygotskian cultural-historical and dialectic perspective. Brown and Kloser interpret
interview data with student baseball players and claim that students’ conceptual understanding articulated in vernacular genres
involves continuities (similarities) with the canonical scientific explanations. In this commentary, we suggest that the authors’
approach presupposes the dichotomy of the formal and the informal, which brings the authors’ attention to continuity into
the separation of cognition from language. We propose a Vygotskian approach that points out the problem of theorizing cognition
(conceptual understanding) by depending on specific forms of representation (e.g., scientific terms). As alternative, we envision
a Vygotskian cultural-historical approach to language, which considers different, irreducible modes of communication as an
integrated whole and therefore allows theorizing cognition without dichotomizing it from the concrete ways by which human
being communicates. We provide an exemplary analysis of a lecture talk in a university physics classroom and exemplify dialectic
theories that explain the development of conceptual understanding. We discuss that this Vygotskian dialectic approach shows
that people communicate scientific concepts through hybridization, which does not reproduce a genre self-identically; the continuity of conceptual understanding involves dis/continuity. 相似文献
11.
《校园英语(教研版)》2014,(19):4-6
Communicative Language Teaching(CLT)plays a vital role in foreign language teaching.Learners may improve their communicative language profi ciency under CLT mode.Many researches on Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory show that learning as a social and cultural rather than individual phenomenon takes place through meaningful interaction with people,and thus the people in the environment are essential to the development of new knowledge.This paper mainly analyses Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory in CLT mode.The conclusions in this paper may help the readers gain an insight into the relations between the Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and CLT as well as awaken the awareness of designing the activities for teaching. 相似文献
12.
Ivar Bråten 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(4):305-320
In this article it is demonstrated that topics discussed in contemporary metacognitive research are integral parts of Vygotsky's (1978, 1986) theory of cognitive development. This conclusion is reached through a discussion of Vygotsky's views of self‐regulation, the relationship between self‐awareness and self‐regulation, and the relationship between awareness/regulation on the one hand and cognitive process on the other. The uniqueness of a Vygotskian approach to metacognition is also specified. This uniqueness resides in Vygotsky's focus on the sign system of human language, on the linguistic tools of thought and the central role they play in mediating cognitive performance. 相似文献
13.
As digital media devices have been increasingly used in early childhood educational settings, this study examined whether the iPad with a Vygotskian social development approach—namely, More Knowledgeable Other—can be integrated into low-income preschool classrooms to improve science learning. An analysis of variance was used to examine the overall improvement and differences in improvement among English language learners, children with special needs, and children without special needs or English language learner status. Results showed that all participants improved their science learning abilities as a consequence of the iPad instruction. Among all groups, English language learner children benefitted more than the other groups, but only with a game that had less verbal directions. There were no significant differences by gender. 相似文献
14.
Ortrun Zuber-Skerritt 《Educational Action Research》2018,26(4):513-532
The purpose of this article is to provide an educational, theoretical, and methodological framework for using a special kind of action research, namely PALAR (participatory action learning and action research). This integrated methodology of lifelong action learning (AL) and participatory action research (PAR) has been developed over the past 25 years. It has been proven to be an effective approach to individual, professional, organizational, community (and generally practice) development. PALAR can be instrumental in pursuit of social justice and is well suited for both experienced and beginning researchers interested in researching and improving their own practice. The article illustrates with case examples how this framework has been put into practice for various programs in a variety of fields and countries. The PALAR framework is the basis for a generic program design, structure, and content, and for processes of learning, teaching, assessment, evaluation, and leadership development. It is a systemic and systematic program on how to design, justify, conduct, evaluate, write, and publish research that is particularly useful for community or work-based theses at master’s, professional doctorate, and PhD levels. An original feature of this article is its comprehensive overview and summary of the theory and practice of PALAR for the first time, with references to further readings. 相似文献
15.
文章结合社会网络分析法、内容分析法和统计分析法,通过实证研究分析了在线协作学习中集体责任和个体生成角色的发展动态,及其对知识建构过程的协同促进作用。研究结果表明,在线协作学习过程中,集体责任的三个特征(参与意识、协同交互、均衡发展)与个体生成角色(探究引申、知识促进、知识整合、探究管理)的分布形态之间存在相互促进、动态演进的复杂关系,且两者共同影响协作对话本质。探讨在线协作学习中集体责任与个体生成角色之间的关系,有助于创设在线协作学习环境,并为知识建构提供策略性参考。 相似文献
16.
The development of new tools for collaboration, such as social software, plays a crucial role in leisure time and work activities. The aim of this article is to summarize the research in the field of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). This is done particularly from the perspective of the blurred line between individual (personal) and group-level (shared) learning that the use of the new tools has forced us to re-think. First, individual and group-level perspectives to learning are discussed to make sense of the major notions of how learning is understood in CSCL research. Second, based on this theoretical grounding, it will be further elaborated what this means to the pedagogical design of educational practices utilizing emerging technological landscapes. And third, two different empirical examples will be presented to illustrate the variety of emerging technological landscapes meeting the needs of future learning. 相似文献
17.
18.
教学评估是促进学生学习并检验教学质量的必要过程环节。以维果茨基的社会文化理论为主要理论基础的动态评估兼重学习过程监控和学习效果考评,将其纳入我国商务英语教学评估体系的教学设计及其实施效果表明,将动态评估与传统静态考试评估相结合,有利于实现优势互补,促进商务英语学习者知识、能力和素养的全面发展。 相似文献
19.
Barohny Eun 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2010,40(4):401-418
Theories of human development and learning provide an essential framework in which to understand the mechanisms involved in the process of formal instruction as a specific form of teaching and learning in the school setting. The sociocultural theory of development, founded on the works of Lev Vygotsky, espouses the view that social interaction among two or more people is the greatest motivating force in human development. Communication, via the use of language, provides one of the most effective means of social interaction. By collaborating toward a common cultural goal, people co‐construct new knowledge by building on each participant's contribution. Based on the main tenets of sociocultural theory, the following eight interrelated principles for instruction are presented, namely, that it should be: mediated; discursive; collaborative; responsive; contextualized; activity‐oriented; developmental; and integrated. 相似文献
20.
Sue Dockett 《International Journal of Early Years Education》1998,6(1):105-116
This article explores the role of play in one specific area of cognitive development. It is suggested that children's engagement in shared pretend play promotes the development of a representational theory of mind in at least two ways: through generating a sense of cognitive conflict as children encounter views and ideas that contrast with their own understandings (a Piagetian perspective) and through the construction of understandings that come from interacting in a social context and engaging in the shared construction of knowledge (a Vygotskian perspective). The compatibility of Piagetian and Vygotskian approaches is discussed.
The article reports an investigation of the shared pretense of four‐year‐old children. This study involved two groups of children, one of which participated in a program aimed at increasing the complexity of the shared pretense in which children engaged and one group who did not participate in these experiences. From this study, the significance of complex shared pretense and the relationship of this to children's developing understandings of mind is discussed. 相似文献