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1.
为了解农村校长领导力是如何影响学生学业成绩的,该研究在黑龙江、山东、广东、浙江四个省份的农村学校进行了调研。研究发现:农村校长领导力及其要素对学生学业成绩均有显著的独立影响;不同农村学校特征下校长领导力各要素对学生学业成绩影响存在差异;在将所有中介变量投入到模型中后,教师集体效能、积极学校文化、中性学校文化、消极学校文化的中介效应以及直接效应均显著。其中,教师集体效能、积极学校文化、中性学校文化中介效应值为正向的,起到的是积极的促进作用,而且教师集体效能和积极学校文化中介效应占总效应比例均较大;农村校长领导力的直接效应虽然占总效应比例也较大,但它与消极学校文化都是负向的,起到的是阻碍或消减作用。因此,农村学校办学过程中,校长要不断反思与改进校长领导力实践,以增强其对学生学业成绩的直接影响;组织建设富有积极价值的学校文化,为教师集体效能提升搭建平台,以增强其对提升学生学业成绩的中介效应。 相似文献
2.
An introduction to the special issue addressing positive psychology and its “place” in and implications for schools is provided. The articles contained within the issue are described within the context of our perspective regarding positive psychology in schools. As the study of positive psychology continues to evolve, it is likely that its application within other fields (including school psychology) will be more clearly expressed. We contend that the “success” of introducing, implementing, and sustaining positive psychology within schools may be dependent on its early yet also sustained integration across multiple contexts. And, a “positive” school psychology will require attention to the convergence of multiple, diverse areas of literature. The articles within this special issue begin this movement toward finding either a place for positive psychology within school psychology or a place for school psychology within positive psychology. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 1–5, 2004. 相似文献
3.
Eisuke Saito Miki Watanabe Robyn Gillies Ikuo Someya Takashi Nagashima Masaaki Sato 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2015,45(4):489-518
Recent research has emphasised educating children about positive behaviours to overcome delinquency issues, but there is little clarification of what factors lead to positive behaviours. This study analyses factors that led to children’s positive behaviours at a junior high school in Japan, which experienced a dramatic turnaround after implementing school reform using Lesson Study for Learning Community (LSLC). In this study, the results of a mixed-methods analysis show that if children receive psychological support they are likely to psychologically support others and, similarly, those who receive concrete help tend to offer concrete help to others. To foster learning cultures in which this happens, it is critical to engage the entire school in appropriate changes: for example, teachers’ positive attitudes towards children and learning are important factors encouraging children to support others. 相似文献
4.
Sheila M. Clonan Sandra M. Chafouleas James L. McDougal T. Chris Riley‐Tillman 《Psychology in the schools》2004,41(1):101-110
Implicit within a perspective of positive psychology is the assumption that environments can be promoted to foster individual strengths through a preventative focus and the development of positive institutions. Given that the development of positive institutions has direct implications for school psychology, this paper begins to draw attention to the potential of positive psychology within school systems. Throughout the paper, it is suggested that a focus on schools may serve as the nexus between the movement in positive psychology searching to promote positive human development and the institutions that could serve as the vehicle for this development. Historic and emerging trends are examined, with particular attention to how positive psychology could promote the development of positive schools (institutions) that foster success for all students. Specifically, the parallel histories of discontent with deficit‐oriented practice in the fields of mental health and school psychology are reviewed, and precursors to building and maintaining positive institutions that focus on working within the existing system to promote lasting change are explored. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 101–110, 2004. 相似文献
5.
Exposure to multiple forms of violence is common amongst adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in South Africa. Adolescents’ exposure to violence at home, in school and in their communities can lead to detrimental outcomes in education. In particular, adolescents who are more frequently exposed to multiple forms of violence are at risk of school delay. This paper investigates the potential for supportive parenting to protect against adolescents’ school delay in this context. With this aim, this paper applies structural equation modelling to a sample of 503 adolescents exposed to multiple forms of violence from 40 socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. Adolescents’ self-report data on child abuse in the family, school and community, and adolescents’ perceptions of positive parenting, consistent discipline, good monitoring, parental involvement and social support were analyzed. Results showed that perceptions of more positive parenting and consistent discipline moderated the relationship between more frequent exposure to multiple forms of violence and school delay. Our findings suggest that supportive parenting has the potential to protect against school delay for poly-victimized adolescents in South Africa. 相似文献
6.
Mark D. Terjesen Matthew Jacofsky Jeffrey Froh Raymond DiGiuseppe 《Psychology in the schools》2004,41(1):163-172
Traditional approaches for working with children and families in the schools focus on problems and disturbance. The concept of positive psychology as a way to change this focus is offered through exploration of its integration within school psychology. Specifically, the application of positive psychology can form the basis of preventive practices within the school setting. Examples of this application are provided within common roles of the school psychologist (consultation, direct work, educational assessment and planning). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 163–172, 2004. 相似文献
7.
School is a very important element of society. Students and teachers learn many lessons, academic and otherwise, that influence
their personal well-being and academic success. Often, however, school does not provide the positive learning or working environment
that is most beneficial for our students and teachers. As a first year principal, Pepper realized that a more positive school
climate was the key to confronting many of the challenges in the school where she worked. Through an autoethnographical approach
supported by her personal journals, Pepper's experiences are described as she witnessed the negative effects that an authoritarian
leadership style had on school climate and, subsequently, the morale and success of students and teachers within the school
setting. As she made the change to a transformational leader, she came to realize that this leadership style had a more positive
effect on the learning and working environment. Her change in leadership style and guidance, with input from teachers, staff,
students, parents, and community members, resulted in the school becoming a more positive, caring place to learn and work
for everyone involved.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Maria Eugénia Ferrão Alcino Pinto Couto 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(1):174-190
This article focuses on the use of a value-added approach for promoting school improvement. It presents yearly value-added estimates, analyses their stability over time, and discusses the contribution of this methodological approach for promoting school improvement programmes in the Portuguese system of evaluation. The value-added model is applied to longitudinal data gathered from a representative sample of students enrolled in primary school, using mathematics scores as outcome variable. The estimates are used to determine a systematic positive or negative school value-added effect. Results indicate that at least 41% of schools remain at the same level over 3 years, 15% present an instable pattern, and approximately 40% show a positive or negative trend. It is argued that these results, especially those that reveal systematically underperforming schools, could have relevant implications for educational policy geared towards school improvement. 相似文献
9.
Positive behavior interventions and supports are increasingly utilized in school systems throughout the nation, particularly the school‐wide multi‐tiered support framework. Given such trends, and the basis of these practices in psychological principles and research, it is important to identify how school psychologists are trained to contribute to such efforts, their involvement in intervention activities, and their perceptions of this approach. We surveyed a national sample of 557 school psychologists regarding their training, involvement, and perceptions of positive behavior supports. The results indicate that although most respondents had a variety of training experiences in multiple behavior‐related areas, one quarter did not report receiving any training related to school‐wide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS). Although 35% of school psychologists reported employment in schools implementing SWPBIS, these schools varied in the SWPBIS elements in place. Implications for school psychology training and practice are addressed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
10.
马锦华 《洛阳师范学院学报》2011,30(2):114-116
采用量表法以358名高中学生为被试样本进行心理测验,考察职业高中学生与普通高中学生缺陷感量表各因子与情感各纬度的关系.结果显示,普通高中学生正性情感和快乐感均显著高于职高学生;职业高中学生自尊心较低,自信心不足;自尊与学习能力是情感各纬度稳定有力的预测指标,它们能预测职高学生的负性情感和预测普高学生的正性情感.体能预测职高学生的正性情感,人际自信和外貌预测普高学生的负性情感. 相似文献
11.
As Apple iPads are increasingly being adopted in schools for educational purposes, school administrators are seen as the key facilitators in the implementation of this new technology. This survey-based quantitative study investigated the impact of receiving iPad training on school administrators’ attitudes towards iPad use in their professional lives and in the classroom by teachers. The participants consisted of 51 elementary and secondary school administrators in one of the largest public charter school systems in a southwestern state. School administrators reported that iPads were effective tools for administrative tasks and personal organization. Results also suggest that school administrators in this study had positive views regarding the potential of iPads’ current and future use in the classroom by teachers. Furthermore, the training process had a positive effect on the school administrators’ development of iPad skills and knowledge. 相似文献
12.
高中生积极心理品质培养研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
培养高中生的积极心理品质是高中积极心理健康教育的任务和核心。本文根据高中生生理、心理发展的特点以及高中生积极心理品质发展的现状,提出了高中生应重点培养的八项积极心理品质：思维与洞察力、谦虚、信念希望、持重、执着、真诚、创造力、领导力。在此基础上,本文提出了高中生积极心理品质培养的五项策略：牢固树立积极心理健康教育理念;引导学生进行积极心理体验;积极争取家长配合,形成教育合力;开展丰富多彩的活动;构建积极心理品质培养网络。最后,本文用实例详细展示了如何培养高中生的积极心理品质。 相似文献
13.
Communication between educators in preschool and school settings has been promoted consistently in research literature and policy as a practice to enhance children’s transition to school. Underlying the practice are the assumptions that communication between educators is (a) a way of building on children’s learning and responding to their diverse needs and interests as they start school and (b) a means of developing positive relationships between educators. Whilst it is an advocated practice, there has been little research about the consequences of preschool–school communication or exploration of the ways in which the practice might support positive transition experiences. This paper specifically addresses what happens for educators as a result of preschool–school interactions. The communication experiences of preschool and school educators reported in an online questionnaire provide important insights into the impact of intersetting communications, particularly on educator relationships. Most outcomes for relationships between educators in preschool and school settings were reported to be positive. However, the results contest the notion that preschool–school communication automatically results in the development of positive relationships; relationships which support collaboration between educators as children start school. 相似文献
14.
Catherine Mulryan-Kyne 《Educational studies》2014,40(4):377-395
The school playground experience is an inevitable part of school life for primary school children. For most children, the experience is a positive and enjoyable one that contributes to their physical and social well-being and has been associated with enhanced attention and learning in the classroom. For some children, however, the playground can be a frightening and dangerous place in which aggressive behaviour and bullying can be experienced and/or witnessed. The recognition of this fact has, in some cases, led to the reduction or elimination of playground time. Many intervention programmes aimed at promoting positive in-school behaviour and preventing negative behaviours, including bullying, have been developed and used with positive results in schools. This paper provides a research-based commentary on some of the positive and negative features of playground life for children and some of the successful intervention programmes that have been developed and used. It is argued that facing the issues and problems presented by negative playground behaviour and dealing with them in a positive way, rather than avoiding them with policies that restrict the freedom of children to interact and engage with peers in the playground, is essential for the well-being of children and school staff. The paper calls for further research to inform school policy and action in this area. 相似文献
15.
Gary N. Marks 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3):267-287
The purpose of this paper is to identify school effects on student performance for tertiary entrance in Australia, taking into account student-level predictors using longitudinal data from the 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study. It finds that aspects of schooling, such as positive attitudes to school and disciplinary climate, affect student performance at the student level but not generally at the school level. The socioeconomic context of schools has no effect on student performance when taking into account schools' academic context. Apart from academic context, teacher shortage, academic press, and teacher efficacy were the only school factors that had positive significant effects on student performance. The policy implications are that school-based policies are unlikely to improve performance or promote equity, but, instead, policies should focus more on students falling behind, who are found across the school system, not limited to a small proportion of schools with particular characteristics. 相似文献
16.
Wen Fan 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2017,28(4):578-607
While much empirical research concerns job tenure, this paper introduces the concept of school tenure and further examines whether and how school tenure impacts student outcomes using a rich set of cohort data from England’s secondary schools. Using the number of times a student switched schools during the academic year as an instrument to measure school tenure to fully account for endogeneity issues, the resulting two-stage least squares estimates suggest that the effects of school tenure are positive and heterogeneous across students. While advantaged students are more likely to gain when their own school tenure is longer, disadvantaged students benefit if their peers have longer tenure. This significant heterogeneous effect suggests that school tenure may not simply act as the inverse of school mobility but may represent a potential determinant of student achievement and an effective school-specific measure for policymakers and practitioners. The relevant implications are accordingly discussed. 相似文献
17.
Martin Camiré 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(4):495-511
Millions of high school student-athletes in North America practice sport, and national federations communicate through their mission statements that this fosters student-athletes’ positive development. The purpose of the current study was to review the recent literature to examine whether the educational claims made for youth development in the context of high school sport are substantiated by empirical evidence. The review indicates that recent research efforts have focused primarily on the positive outcomes and that much less is known of the possible negative outcomes of participation in high school sport. Researchers have examined stakeholders’ perspectives on development, but studies are scarce that objectively measure the actual developmental outcomes of participation in high school sport. The little available evidence indicates that adult stakeholders seldom interact and do not collaborate to foster student-athlete development. This narrative review provides insights on the current status of research on high school sport, and recommendations are provided to further facilitate youth development in this setting. 相似文献
18.
Andrew Martinez Susan D. Mcmahon Crystal Coker Christopher B. Keys 《Psychology in the schools》2016,53(8):817-830
Student behavioral problems pose a myriad of challenges for schools. In this study, we examine the relations among teacher and school‐level constructs (i.e., teacher collaboration, supervision/discipline, instructional management), and student‐related outcomes (i.e., high‐risk behaviors, barriers to learning, student social–behavioral climate). Teachers across 29 high schools, in a large urban school district serving primarily low‐income students, completed self‐report surveys. Multilevel regression was used to test both individual‐ and school‐level predictors of student outcomes. Findings suggest that teacher practices at the individual and school levels are linked to student high‐risk behaviors, barriers to student learning, and school climate. More specifically, findings indicate that better supervision/discipline and instructional management are associated with fewer high‐risk behaviors and barriers to learning. More instructional management is also linked to positive social–behavioral climate. Results from this study highlight the association between teacher practices and a range of student‐related problem behaviors, and suggest that system‐level interventions in the school may have positive effects. 相似文献
19.
Carolyn MacCann Anastasiya A. Lipnevich Jeremy Burrus Richard D. Roberts 《Learning and individual differences》2012,22(2):235-241
This study examines whether problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidant coping strategies predict key outcomes in a sample of 354 high school students. The four outcomes considered are: academic achievement, life satisfaction, positive feelings towards school, and negative feelings towards school. Results demonstrate that coping incrementally predicts all four outcomes above and beyond the effects of the Big Five personality factors, vocabulary, and demographic variables. Incremental prediction is strongest for school feeling variables, where coping predicts 17.4% of the variance in positive feelings, and 15.9% of the variance in negative feelings. All three coping styles are important in predicting different outcomes: problem-focused coping predicts grades, life satisfaction, and positive feelings about school; emotion-focused coping predicts negative feelings only; and avoidant-focused coping predicts both positive and negative feelings about school. Results suggest that coping styles are an important variable for school outcomes, and that the effectiveness of different strategies differs depending on the outcome considered. 相似文献
20.
Margie Campbell-Price 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2018,18(3):189-200
School websites are one way in which school leaders inform the public about their school’s vision, values, achievements and the learning opportunities on offer in a way that highlights its distinctiveness in the most positive light. If outdoor education is perceived as a valued learning context and/or helps to differentiate one school from another, it is likely that it would be reflected on a school’s website. An interpretive thematic analysis of the websites of 20% of the secondary schools in New Zealand suggested that outdoor education has a presence in schools, although the magnitude of this presence depended on the priorities school leaders wished to promote. The positive outcomes and opportunities afforded by outdoor education were portrayed to emphasize a school’s appeal. However, policy and design constraints of websites restricted teachers’ input into their content, making it somewhat challenging to gauge the relationship between the presence of outdoor education on a school website and the quality of its pedagogical practice. 相似文献