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1.
明代宦官专权的形成及其原因探析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
明代宦官之祸超过汉唐,明代宦官专权的形成有一个逐渐发展的过程。从明初太祖朱元璋禁止太监干预朝政,到成祖朱棣重用宦官,至宣宗朝秉笔太监当权,形成了宦官专权局面。明代宦官专权形成的原因,首先,是明代君主集权专制制度发展的结果;其次,是宦官机构完备的结果;再次,是宦官对厂卫操纵的结果。总之,明代宦官专权是封建专制制度发展的必然产物。  相似文献   

2.
督东厂官校缉事,是明代宦官掌握的一项重要权力。一般认为,宦官刺事始于永乐朝。事实上,太祖朱元璋已开始用宦官刺察外事。成祖朱棣夺位后,营建北京,始正式建立东厂。正统以前,东厂"行事权"尚有限。景泰帝代位后,大大强化了这一权力。而复辟的天顺朝,却是锦衣卫权势大张的时期。成化初年,再命内臣领校尉缉事,东厂始为定制。  相似文献   

3.
明代专制主义皇权高度强化,其主要标志是宦官擅政.而王振则足宦官擅政的第一人。本文试从专制主义皇权的强化和王振擅政的联系来分析明代宦官的必然性和偶然性,以及王振擅政对明代政治的影响.一、宦官擅政是明代强化专制主义皇权之所必然中国封建社会如从秦汉算起,到明初已延续了近一千六百年。在封建社会里,历代封建帝王都注意加强专制主义以维护统治。明朝专制主义皇权的强化就是历史演变的必然趋向。明朝建立后,以朱元璋为首的明初统治者吸取历代统治经验,一方面严禁外戚、大臣专权,尤其是明太祖诛胡惟庸,罢丞相制后,进一步堵绝了大臣专权的道路,从形式上解决了自封建社会以来长期存在的君权与相权的矛盾.使其专制主义皇权的强化程度高于历代皇朝。另一方面,明太祖朱元璋对汉唐  相似文献   

4.
朱元璋的政策失误和明朝宦官专权   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
宦官专权乱政是明朝政治的重要特征,本拟从朱元璋实行的杀戮功臣、封藩、废丞相等政策与明朝宦官专权的关系进行论述。结论中:朱元璋的政策失误对明朝宦官专权起了他未曾科到的渊源作用。  相似文献   

5.
明代的宦官专权乱政危害程度是古代历史少有的,明代宦官专权之所以惨烈,即有中国古代史中其它朝代宦官专权的共性、一般性原因,也有明代自己独特的原因。本文将对明代宦官乱政专权的原因做深入的研究分析。  相似文献   

6.
宦官专权乱政是明朝政治的重要特征,本文拟从朱元璋实行的杀戮功臣、封藩、废丞相等政策与明朝宦官专权的关系进行论述。结论是:朱元璋的政策失误对明朝宦官专权起了他未曾料到的渊源作用。  相似文献   

7.
明代宦官崇佛风气十分浓厚,其中以京城宦官最具代表性。他们广泛参与共建寺院,供养僧人,违例度僧以及各种佛事活动中,并且组织养老义会,许多宦官死后也葬在寺院内.对宦官与寺院共修的关系和宦官与寺院宗教生活的关系进行了梳理,并分析了引发宦官群体崇佛的种种特殊原因,指出明代宦官的大规模的崇佛建寺,使佛教势力不断发展和膨胀,对明代历史进程产生了不能忽视的重要影响。  相似文献   

8.
略谈靖江藩王与桂林文化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
朱元璋建立了明朝政权。为了强化君主专制主义的集权统治,他先后做了两件大事,一是封藩,二是废相。朱元璋对他的子孙,采取“分封而不锡土,列爵而不临民”的制度,目的是为了既能屏卫天子,又不至于“尾大不掉”,重蹈汉、晋封王的覆辙。然而历史的发展变化不象朱元璋所想的那样,在他去见上帝之后,建文帝开始削藩,燕王朱棣以“清君侧”为名,发动“靖难之役”,攻入南京,夺取了帝位,朱棣即明成祖。燕王朱棣发动兵变,表明了朱元璋的封藩,和君权高度集中的明朝政治是格格不入的。故  相似文献   

9.
中国的宦官制度源远流长,明代宦官人数之众多、机构之庞大、职能之全面在中国历史上堪称一绝.明代宦官专擅朝政局面的出现,严重激化了统治集团内部的矛盾.宦官如何能够得到如此特殊的地位,值得研究.本文试图从宦官的职守来看宦官在明代的地位.  相似文献   

10.
明代宫廷中有为数众多的宦官来自于少数民族和外国,从一个侧面反映着明代与周边民族地区和国家的密切交往。宦官政治的背景下,这部分宦官在宫廷中的地位和影响也颇引人瞩目。  相似文献   

11.
汉字倒说     
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。  相似文献   

12.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

13.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

14.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

15.
钱生钱!     
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了  相似文献   

16.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.  相似文献   

17.
The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.  相似文献   

18.
王菲 《华章》2007,(12):273-273
Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.  相似文献   

19.
现在,我们可以没有面包,没有钱,没有房子,没有车子……但我们唯独不能丢失的是高尚的情操,笃定的信念,还有,满满的希望!  相似文献   

20.
Using virtual reality for interactive design gives a designer an intuitive vision of a design and allows the designer to achieve a viable, optimal solution in a timely manner. The article discusses the process of making the Virtual Reality System of the Humble Administrator's Garden. Translating building data to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) is by far unsatisfactory. This creates a challenge for computer designers to do optimization to meet requirements. Five different approaches to optimize models have been presented in this paper. The other methods are to optimize VRML and to reduce the file size. This is done by keeping polygon counts to a minimum and by applying such techniques as object culling and level-ofdetail switching.  相似文献   

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