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1.
Seonyoung Park 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(6):1215-1228
On the basis of those respondents in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) who change jobs with an intervening period of education reinvestment, the conventional assumption of linearity of log wages in years of schooling is strongly rejected: a typical reinvestment for the 1980 through 1993 period is associated with a rise of about 3.5 percentage points in the estimated return to an additional year of schooling. The estimated marginal rate of return generally rises in the former education level, and reaches the maximum at 15 years of the former level (therefore 16 years of education after reinvestment), where an additional year of investment is associated with a rise in real hourly rate of pay by approximately 20%. Evidence also shows that, while the level of individuals’ risk tolerance affects significantly the probability of returning to school, correcting for sample selectivity makes little difference in the results. Findings in the current paper survive a variety of robustness tests. The current cohort-based evidence is more helpful than existing evidence from cross-sectional data to individuals making schooling decisions. 相似文献
2.
This study provides new and more accurate information about private rates of return to education (RORE) in Malaysia. Most of the prior studies on RORE have not addressed selectivity bias, and those that have are based on an older data set. The findings suggest that for both males and females, the average private returns to education are highest at the secondary (16.5 percent and 27.2 percent, respectively) and university (15.5 percent and 16.1 percent, respectively) education levels. Thus, it is important to pursue education until the secondary level and further to the university level to capture higher returns to education. 相似文献
3.
何振忠 《黄河科技大学学报》2006,8(1):114-117
城市流动人口犯罪问题是农村剩余人口在实现城市化的过程中所引发的社会问题之一。随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立,社会生产力的大发展,农村大批剩余劳动力不断涌向城市,逐渐形成了以经济活动为主体的流动人群。人口的大流动,促进了市场经济的再发展,同时也对刑事犯罪的攀升产生了一定的影响。把握流动人口犯罪的特点,剖析其构成原因,有效地遏制流动人口犯罪,是我们当前不容忽视而值得探讨的一个社会问题。 相似文献
4.
依据吉林省的微观数据,文章分析了社会背景和家庭背景对个人教育收益的影响。在收入方程中引入社会背景变量后,明显地降低了个人教育收益率的估计值。而且,应用隐变量模型采用家庭背景变量作为工具变量之后得到修正的个人教育收益率的估计值为7.5%左右。估计结果表明,社会背景和家庭背景确实对个人教育收益有着显著的影响。 相似文献
5.
The paper provides new estimates of the perceived rates of return to higher education in Cyprus and compares them to previous estimates for the year 1994 in the same country. Both the elaborate and the short-cut methods are used in the estimation of rates of return. The estimated rates are entered as independent variables in logistic regression analysis in order to study the effect of economic considerations on the decision of secondary school students to pursue higher education. The findings show an increase in the perceived rate of return for both higher education and labour market entrants. In agreement with human capital theory, the mean rate of return to higher education expected by higher education candidates is considerably higher than that expected by labour market entrants. In two logistic regression models, the perceived rate of return to higher education, as estimated by both the elaborate and the short-cut methods, has a significant effect on the students’ intention to pursue higher studies. 相似文献
6.
高东 《唐山师范学院学报》2012,34(3):132-133
从唐山市农村劳动力的基本状况及转移就业的特点来看,农村劳动力总量庞大,供求矛盾突出问题将长期存在。国内外环境、政府政策、教育水平等因素影响着农村劳动力在城市中的就业岗位、层次、成本。进入新世纪以来,外出务工农民"回流"现象越来越明显。因此,就地转化成为今后唐山市农村剩余劳动力转移就业的根本途径。 相似文献
7.
农村职业教育是教育事业的重要组成部分,对当前中国农村剩余劳动力转移起着举足轻重的作用。发展农村职业技术教育不仅是提高农村人口整体素质的重要手段．也是加快农村剩余劳动力转移和促进经济发展的最有效途径之一。 相似文献
8.
9.
Maria Eliophotou Menon Elias Markadjis Nikolaos Theodoropoulos Michalis Socratous 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2017,41(6):831-843
Research points to several determinants of the private demand for higher education, which include individual, social, economic, and institutional variables. Of these variables, economic factors are considered to be highly relevant, especially in the current financial crisis. The paper investigates the link between expected rates of return to higher education and the intention of secondary education graduates to pursue university studies. The effect of additional variables influencing the choice of higher education (ability, gender, socioeconomic status [SES], type of secondary school, area of residence) is also examined. The findings show a significant link between the perceived rates of return and the intention of secondary school graduates to enter tertiary education. With the exception of residence, all independent variables are strong determinants of the intention to enter higher education. The paper also points to the considerable effect of the financial crisis on students’ expectations in that respondents reported lower perceived rates of return compared to previous estimates in the same country. The implications of the findings for higher education policy are discussed. 相似文献
10.
农村剩余劳动力素质提升与就业途径——以发展乡村旅游为契机 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
农村剩余劳动力的转移是关系到我国社会发展的重要问题,当前,政府要加大投入、认真督管,农民要转变观念、不断学习,教育部门要重视基础教育、加强旅游职业教育,各方齐抓共管,才能抓住乡村旅游发展的大好契机,促进农村剩余劳动力就业。 相似文献
11.
Björn Öckert 《Economics of Education Review》2010,29(4):504-516
This paper exploits discontinuities and randomness in the college admissions in Sweden in 1982, to estimate the economic return to college in the 1990s. At the time, college admissions were highly selective and applicants were ranked with respect to their formal merits. Admissions were given to those ranked higher than some threshold value. At the margin, applicants were sometimes randomly assigned to college. Exploiting this Regression-Discontinuity design, individuals who were admitted in 1982 are estimated to have about 0.20 years longer college education in 1996. However, the earnings effects for applicants at the margin of admission are insignificant. Controlling for the college admission determinants, the OLS-estimates of the return to college is 1.4 percent in 1991–96. The IV-estimates are not significantly different from the OLS counterparts. 相似文献
12.
David Piachaud 《Higher Education》1975,4(2):201-212
The extent to which economic factors can explain private decisions about staying on at school beyond minimum school leaving age and about going on to higher education is considered. The pattern of continuing education by age and by class is described: most terminate their full-time education at the earliest opportunity but a higher proportion of those with middle-class parents stay on. Differences in private rates of return to the student to staying on at school and to university offer an explanation for the lower proportion dropping out of education at the end of school than at minimum school leaving age. Private rates of return do not explain the variation in the pattern of continuing education between social classes. Costs to parents of continuing their child's education are considered for model families at different income levels. These costs, relative to income level, offer a possible explanation for differences in continuing education between socio-economic groups, and may be an important barrier to equal educational opportunity. 相似文献
13.
人口文化素质与经济发展水平的相关分析 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
对我国人均受教育年限与经济发展的相关分析表明 ,人均受教育年限与经济发展高度相关 ,并且两者的协调性略有提高 ;相关分析还表明人均受教育年限的增长率远远低于经济增长率 ,且两者没有显著的相关关系。对各级教育的人口比例与经济发展水平 (人均GDP)的相关分析发现 ,经济发展水平与各级教育人口数量显著相关 ,并且经济增长与各级受教育人口增长密切相关 ,但是各级受教育人口的增长率远远低于经济增长率。 相似文献
14.
This paper describes a cost-benefit analysis of the impact of nonresident higher education students on the economy of West Virginia during the academic year 1985–86. During that year, the 10,091 FTE nonresident students enrolled in higher education institutions in West Virginia contributed to the state economy an estimated $72,182,000 through tuition and fees, living expenses, and travel expenses of parents and friends. The $72,182,000 flowing through the state's economy generated $86,618,318 in direct and indirect financial benefit to the state, while the state allocation attributed to the education of these nonresident students was $28,668,537. This return on investment, a benefit to cost ratio of 3.02, represents the net economic impact on West Virginia's state and local economies associated with higher education's nonresident enrollment in 1985–86. The ratio suggests that for each one dollar invested by the state in non-resident students, the state realized a return of $3.02 over the period of one academic year.Presented at the Twenty-Seventh Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, Kansas City, May 1987. 相似文献
15.
20世纪90年代中国城镇教育收益率的变化与启示 总被引：47，自引：3，他引：47
随着市场经济改革的深入进行及知识经济的萌芽 ,与 2 0世纪 90年代中国经济发展和教育规模扩大相伴随的是各级教育收益率水平的显著提高。对中国城镇就业人员跨年度的抽样数据分析显示 ,在中国城镇 ,教育收益率水平 90年代初期以前大大低于国际平均水平的状况基本得到了扭转。截止 2 0 0 0年 ,中国教育收益率水平虽然略低于国际平均水平 ,但已与后者逐步接近。进一步的分析发现。在竞争性的经济部门以及年轻的就业者中 ,教育具有更高的收益率。该结果从一个角度验证了在中国经济转型的过程中 ,随着劳动力市场化程度的提高 ,教育的收益率得到了提高 相似文献
16.
公共教育支出的经济价值 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
借鉴美国学Aschauer(1993)的算法，对中国公共教育投资的社会经济收益进行实证分析。结果显示，1992—2001年间中国公共教育资本存量的产出弹性为0．073，而公共教育投资的年平均社会边际收益率为11．5％。表明近年来我国公共教育投资与物质资本投资一样，具有大致趋同的边际收益率，没有证据显示我国存在公共教育投资严重不足的问题。 相似文献
17.
目前我国农村劳动力的素质和技能现状已无法适应经济发展的需要,农村教育的现状也未能适应农村剩余劳动力转移的形势.继续发展农村基础教育,大力发展以就业为导向的农村职业教育,加强农村剩余劳动力转移培训,发挥教育提升农民素质和技能的功能,应是促进农村剩余劳动力有序转移的合乎实际的办法. 相似文献
18.
于炳诚 《天津职业院校联合学报》2005,7(3):6-8
现阶段如何适应市场经济的要求,进一步合理、有序地转移农村剩余劳动力,把人口数量优势变为资源优势和经济优势,是关系到我国农村经济进一步发展和社会稳定的重大战略问题。但是由于种种原因,农村剩余劳动力转移缓慢甚至出现回流,其两栖式的流动而非移民型的转移无疑是多因素共同作用的结果,但农村劳动力的受教育水平是一个重要的制约因素。发展现代职业教育,减少素质偏低的劳动力供给,是解决农村剩余劳动力转移的重要途径。 相似文献
19.
《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(2):90-91
Promoting adult education is a human resources development with short cycles and quick effects and that calls for a certain amount of funds and investment. Starting this year, adult education will be included in the state budget for revenues and expenditures as an additional item. When making arrangement for education expenditures, local financial departments should also incorporate funds needed for adult education in their budgets and allow the funds to increase as the economy moves forward and regular revenues grow. Enterprises should disburse funds needed for employee education according to a prescribed ratio. In addition, shortfalls can be made up in the following ways: Expenses for technological training involving the development of new technology or research on new products may be disbursed directly as a part of the production cost; expenses for staff training may be disbursed from the retained percentage of profit, surplus from block-grant expenditures, and after-tax profit; training expenses for projects of technological development, introduction of foreign technology, and technological innovation, or projects of optimizing the service of certain products (including expenses for sending employees abroad for advanced training) may be disbursed from the project funding itself. Funds for staff education in enterprises should be handled and disposed of by its educational division under the supervision of financial departments. If there is surplus in the funding that cannot be spent in the same year, the surplus can be carried over to the next year. For small-sized enterprises that cannot afford to offer staff education on their own and enterprises that do not run staff education programs efficiently, the departments in charge can set up concentrated staff education facilities and support such facilities with funds taken from respective staff education expenditures. When planning for either urban community construction or newly built enterprises in the future, we should, at the same time, plan for the construction of basic facilities for adult education and incorporate such projects in the investment plan for infrastructure investment projects. The various ministries and regions should set up a few key adult education bases that are better equipped and of a higher quality. In the area of peasant education, expenses that involve eliminating illiteracy, training of teachers, compiling of textbooks, exchange of experience, activities, and so forth, should all be disbursed from educational expenditures by education departments at different levels. Funds for county-run peasants' secondary specialized schools and peasants technical schools of different specialties and types should be raised by the county people's governments under unified arrangements and according to their respective financial strengths. The departments concerned, however, should lend the local governments certain financial aid. Funds for peasants' cultural and technical schools run by townships (towns) can be drawn as a certain percentage from the rural education surcharge, pooling funds from the people, collecting tuition fees, or launching work-study programs. 相似文献
20.
Submissions by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) and others to the government's review of higher education suggest yet further expansion of undergraduate provision. This article examines the economic rationale for an additional increase in graduate output, and suggests that the economic case may be poor. Data on the employment of the current graduate labour force indicates some under-utilisation, and there is reason to expect that simply boosting the supply of graduates will not, of itself, transform employers'competitive strategies. It is therefore possible that the social, as opposed to private, rate of return on investment in such expansion could well prove disappointing. The use of graduates to fill the'technician gap'is also reviewed. The authors suggest alternative areas of educational provision, such as basic literacy and numeracy support, which might show a more positive cost/benefit than further publicly-funded expansion of undergraduate education. 相似文献