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1.
Conal Monaghan Boris Bizumic Katherine Reynolds Michael Smithson Lynette Johns-Boast Dirk van Rooy 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2015,40(1):52-67
One prominent approach in the exploration of the variations in project team performance has been to study two components of the aggregate personalities of the team members: conscientiousness and agreeableness. A second line of research, known as self-categorisation theory, argues that identifying as team members and the team's performance norms should substantially influence the team's performance. This paper explores the influence of both these perspectives in university software engineering project teams. Eighty students worked to complete a piece of software in small project teams during 2007 or 2008. To reduce limitations in statistical analysis, Monte Carlo simulation techniques were employed to extrapolate from the results of the original sample to a larger simulated sample (2043 cases, within 319 teams). The results emphasise the importance of taking into account personality (particularly conscientiousness), and both team identification and the team's norm of performance, in order to cultivate higher levels of performance in student software engineering project teams. 相似文献
2.
人格五因素模型(FFM)已被广泛证明能预测工作绩效,它在人员选拔中的作用越来越重要,需要在实践中加强其相关应用研究.本文回顾了人格测量在人员选拔中应用的研究进展,以及人格测量、人格五因素模型在结构化面试中评定应聘者人格特质、对个人和团队绩效预测的研究热点问题.人格测量是人力资源管理理论和实践中有创造力的研究方向,有待于验证并在实践中实施. 相似文献
3.
多里斯、哈曼援引心理学中情境主义质疑“人格”的理论与实验证据来挑战美德之实在性,美德伦理学家基于概念辨析、逻辑推演予以消极回应。心理学证据与哲学思辨在实证与理论层次上的错位,致使美德实在性争论仍在继续。文章对美德实在性争论进行实证分析,剖析“美德”与“人格”的关系,剥离出美德的实证内核——美德特质;立足美德的说明方案,结合人格特质大五模型的实证研究,考察人格特质与美德特质在神经解剖学层面的本体论依据,对美德实在性进行积极辩护。 相似文献
4.
Gary D. Koppenhaver Charles B. Shrader 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2003,1(1):1-21
The main concern is a longstanding one in classroom instruction—the determinants of effective team performance. The paper explicitly examines the effect of teacher‐controlled factors on the use and functioning of student teams. From a sample of 500 undergraduate students, data are obtained on aptitude, diversity, instability, motivation, personality style, size, and performance. The regression results suggest that team motivation and instability, which are both partly controlled by the instructor, are particularly important in determining a team's performance. An implication is that instructor decisions about team make‐up and incentives can have a significant impact on student achievement. 相似文献
5.
Xuemei Wang John F. Dannenhoffer III Barry D. Davidson J. Michael Spector 《Distance Education》2005,26(3):405-423
Collaborative learning has been gaining momentum as a promising pedagogy in higher education. Research on student collaboration is increasing. However, one arena is often overlooked—faculty collaboration. In this article, a cross‐institutional faculty collaboration is presented. The context is faculty collaboration on the design of an undergraduate engineering course. Specifically, this paper examines design issues encountered in the faculty collaborations associated with developing, delivering, and redesigning a senior‐level engineering design course that was taught simultaneously at two universities. This course was taught in state‐of‐the‐art distance learning classrooms. Both within class and outside class, participating students and faculty made use of a Web‐based environment that supported a variety of synchronous and asynchronous interactions. The course itself focused on team design projects and provided instruction on the engineering design process, in various specific skills needed for the students’ projects, and on how to function effectively as part of a geographically distributed engineering design team. The participating faculty members represented different backgrounds, academic disciplines, and academic cultures. Issues related to collaborations on development, delivery, and redesign are elaborated. Based on the lessons learned, suggestions for future cross‐institutional faculty collaboration in course development are provided. 相似文献
6.
Previous research suggests that university teaching effectiveness varies with the age and personality traits of the instructor. The present study examined the extent to which personality traits associated with teaching effectiveness change concomitantly with age, and thus mediate the relationship between age and teaching. Using a cross-sectional design, peer ratings of 29 personality traits and archival student evaluations of teaching were obtained for 33 full-time psychology professors varying in age from 33 to 64. Teaching effectiveness was found to be inversely related to age and to correlate significantly with several personality traits. Consistent with the mediation hypothesis, personality traits were identified that correlated positively with teaching and declined significantly with age (e.g., approval-seeking); or correlated negatively with teaching and increased with age (e.g., independent).This paper is based on a senior honors thesis completed by the first author and supervised by the second author in the Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario. 相似文献
7.
This paper draws upon contingency theory to support a flexible eclectic approach to staff development in distance education. The approach utilizes the Concerns‐Based Adoption Model focussed towards developing instructional design skills in academic staff. Strategies are described for lecturers in each of the seven stages of concern. For the staff development procedures to be effective, it is argued that study materials development should take place within an infrastructure which involves the writer(s) and an instructional designer in a team. Perhaps, the main message of the paper is merely that flexible eclecticism is a desirable approach to staff development — and contingency theory offers that concept — and staff developers need to be mindful of differing staff attitudes — some of which are identified by CBAM. 相似文献
8.
IGOR M. VERNER SHLOMO WAKS ELI KOLBERG 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1999,24(2):201-212
The need for engineering educators to influence reform of science-technology education in schools and, especially, contribute in stating technology as a new school subject is argued. The approaches to applying systems theory in education are outlined. An introductory ‘Robotics and Real Time Control Systems’ course has been developed as a possible approach to systems education and insight into engineering. The course concept and the master plan, based on the ‘threaded’ metacurricular approach, are proposed. The stages of design process for the course curriculum are considered. The course has been implemented in a number of high schools in Israel. An example of one project performed by a student team is presented. 相似文献
9.
教师人格是教师的一项重要心理素质,也是教师素养的重要组成部分,教师塑造健康、和谐、全面的人格素养极为重要。求真、向善、达美是教师人格素养内涵的重要内容,而要达于此,则需教师进行自我教育,进行自我设计、自我反省和自我实践。 相似文献
10.
Paul M. Biner Martin L. Bink Michelle L. Huffman Raymond S. Dean 《The American journal of distance education》2013,27(2):46-60
Abstract A large‐scale field study was conducted to 1) determine if the personality traits of students enrolled in televised college‐level courses differ from the personality traits of students enrolled in traditional college‐level courses and 2) identify the specific personality traits predictive of successful performance in televised classes. Results showed that students enrolled in telecourses do have a unique personality profile and that certain traits predicted success for these students. Implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献
11.
G2000's HR Execution Excellence—Retail Attendance System was one of the innovative projects to receive the ISPI Award of Excellence in 2016. It is a continuous improvement project that applies the concept of holistic human performance improvement using an ISPI human performance technology (HPT) model (ISPI, 2012) to streamline the front‐end and back‐end processes of our Retail Attendance System. As a result, it leads us to achieve one of our business goals: employment regulatory compliance. In our case, the project team was tasked with seeking solutions to ensure that the payroll process for retail staff could be performed accurately and in a timely manner. After applying the HPT model to conduct the gap analysis and identify the causes or factors that were limiting our performance, we integrated the concept of human‐centered design approach at the solution‐design phase of the project, to lead us to innovative solutions. 相似文献
12.
肖崇好 《韩山师范学院学报》2001,22(3):96-101
本文概述了20世纪人格研究的两种途径：人格特质研究和人格加工动力研究；指出这两种研究正在融合成一种新的人格理论：认知情感人格系统；介绍了它的主要假设及其人格分析的多层次。 相似文献
13.
This paper offers a multi-perspective view on engineering education at RWTH Aachen University: curriculum design, examples of newly developed teaching methods for engineering curri-cula, and teaching competencies and teacher qualification. It is based on the theories of student-centred learning, project learning, social skills, etc., but the paper covers the practical implications and ways of implementation of these items in a current design process of a new study programme: In the course of the Bologna process the mechanical engineering study programme of RWTH Aachen University has encountered a complete and thorough revision responding to the need of present-day technical students and—accordingly—to the fast-growing requirements of the engineering industry. This change process will be presented. A case study from engineering informatics shows concepts for modern teaching methods, responding to the requirements of students and industry, especially regarding social skills. Teaching competencies have to change and grow accordingly. Thus, a concept for the improvement of educational skills and abilities of engineering teachers—integrated into their work process—is demonstrated. 相似文献
14.
Bonnie Shellnut Allie Knowltion Tim Savage 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1999,47(2):100-110
This paper describes how a multimedia design team at Wayne State University, working on an engineering education project funded
by the National Science Foundation, incorporated Keller's ARCS (attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) model
into the design and development of a computer-based instructional (CBI) module for a college engineering course in economics.
A discussion of how and why the components were incorporated into the traditional instructional design phases of definition,
design, development, implementation, and evaluation is presented.
where she earned her doctorate this year, and coleader of a multimedia team in the design and development of CBI modules for
a manufacturing engineering education project funded by NSF. 相似文献
15.
Given the complex role of school psychologists, it is in the interest of stakeholders to identify characteristics related to student success in graduate training, which is suggestive of their effectiveness as practitioners. This study explores the relationship of personality traits and Emotional Intelligence (EI) to graduate students' performance in the classroom and the field. Participants were 63 school psychology students who completed measures of EI and Big Five personality traits. These measures were compared with two outcomes that can be indicators of success: Graduate grade point average (GGPA) and supervisor ratings of student performance at internship upon completion of their studies. EI was significantly correlated with GGPA; personality traits were not. The personality trait Conscientiousness and EI were significantly correlated with internship ratings. The implications and limitations of this preliminary data set for school psychology training programs are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
16.
Andy Roberts 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(1-2):18-30
This paper explores the possibility that a suitable mix of instrumental and expressive personality traits‐the concept of psychological androgyny — are required to allow a complete mentoring relationship. The discussion seeks a solution to a mentoring paradox which arises from the argument that instrumentality is necessary in reaching positions of influence, power, authority and experience ‐from which pool mentors may be selected in organisations ‐yet expressiveness as necessary for mentoring behaviour. A comment on research into mentoring and psychological androgyny is offered, and this concept is discussed in regard to the experienced mentor combining such instrumental and expressive personality traits. A review of the literature on gender and mentoring is also offered and reveals several causes for concern. However, such literature rarely focuses upon what both genders can do. This paper offers the hypothesis that the experienced mentor will be androgynous‐thus being able to display both instrumentality and expressiveness according to situation‐specific demands. 相似文献
17.
Pia Rosander Martin Bäckström Georg Stenberg 《Learning and individual differences》2011,21(5):590-596
The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which personality traits, after controlling for general intelligence, predict academic performance in different school subjects. Upper secondary school students in Sweden (N = 315) completed the Wonderlic IQ test (Wonderlic, 1992) and the IPIP-NEO-PI test (Goldberg, 1999). A series of hierarchical structural equation models showed that general intelligence, Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Neuroticism were significantly linked to overall academic performance. There were also different findings for a lower level of personality traits, e.g. different personality traits were associated with different subjects. The findings are discussed with regard to previous results on personality traits as determinants of academic performance in different school subjects and the fact that lower level traits may facilitate achievement in particular subjects. 相似文献
18.
Temperament and personality have been presumed to affect achievement goals based on the hierarchical model of achievement motivation. This research investigated the relationships of temperament dimensions and the Big Five personality traits to achievement goals based on the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework among 775 Chinese adolescent students. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 2 × 2 framework could be generalised to the Chinese context. Six of the nine temperament dimensions (e.g. activity level – general, flexibility–rigidity, and task orientation) significantly predicted mastery‐approach, mastery‐avoidance, performance‐approach and performance‐avoidance goals. Neuroticism, extroversion and conscientiousness significantly predicted all the above‐mentioned four achievement goals; openness and agreeableness significantly predicted the mastery‐orientated and performance‐oriented achievement goals, respectively. Compared with temperament, personality was the stronger predictor for achievement goals. These results supported the posited relationship of ‘hard‐wiring’ variables to achievement goals in the conceptual model of achievement motivation. 相似文献
19.
TaChord:利用拓扑相关路由算法和超级节点的Chord系统 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
由于未考虑实际网络拓扑结构,当前结构化对等网络系统存在高延迟低效率的毛病. 本文提出一种与实际网络拓扑结构相关的路由方法,并开发出一种基于Chord的TaChord系统. 在仿真系统中, 用物理跳数、域间延迟和每个消息占用的带宽来衡量TaChord和其他系统的路由性能. 仿真结果表明,TaChord系统的路由性能有了极大的提高, 如平均物理跳数是Chord的一半,并且不同路由缓存管理策略对TaChord的路由性能能产生重要的影响. 相似文献
20.
This article describes a research project, ‘Improving Learning: The Pupils' Agenda’ (supported by the Nuffield Foundation) in which a team of researchers from Homerton College, Cambridge and the University of Keele, investigated how schools were listening and responding to pupils' perspectives on effective teaching and learning. An account of the project is presented, outlining how the team carried out the investigation and the three themes on which was based. The article goes on to look at the strategies being developed in primary schools, using extracts from the data to illustrate the impact of these strategies in schools. In conclusion it is suggested that the answer to the question posed in the title — can listening and responding to pupils' views give new directions for school improvement — is clearly ‘yes’ and that the advantage of taking this approach lies principally in its potential for improving pupils' attitudes to learning. 相似文献