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1.
Providing undergraduates with mentored research experiences is a critical component of contemporary undergraduate science education. Although the benefits of undergraduate research experiences are apparent, the methods for mentoring young scientists as they first begin navigating the research lab environment are reinvented in labs all over the world. Students come to research labs with varied skills, motivations, needs, and dispositions, placing each student and mentor in a unique relationship. How can we help students become aware of their own intellectual progress? How can we encourage our students to take initial steps toward independent investigation? When do we need to let setbacks happen? We have developed a simple mechanism to address these common problems. Each week, students in our labs answer a series of five questions by e-mail that improve lab communication and help students develop into mature scientists without taxing an instructor's already busy schedule. Our observations, experiences, and student feedback indicate that this approach is a useful mechanism to help faculty who mentor young scientists in the research lab. 相似文献
2.
Christopher Deacon Allyson Hajek Henry Schulz 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(16):2189-2208
ABSTRACTMany post-secondary institutions provide training and resources to help GTAs fulfil their teaching roles. However, few programmes focus specifically on the teaching competencies required by GTAs who work with undergraduate students in laboratory settings where learning tends to be more active and inquiry based than in classroom settings. From a review of 8 GTA manuals, we identified 20 competencies and then surveyed faculty and lab coordinators (FIS) and GTAs from a Faculty of Science at a comprehensive Canadian university to identify which of those competencies are required of GTAs who work in undergraduate science labs. GTAs and FIS did not significantly differ in the competencies they view as required for GTAs to work effectively in undergraduate labs. But, when comparing the responses of GTAs and FIS to TA manuals, ‘Clearly and effectively communicates ideas and information with students’ was the only competency for which there was agreement on the level of requirement. We also examined GTAs’ self-efficacy for each of the identified competencies and found no overall relationship between self-efficacy and demographic characteristics, including experience and training. Our results can be used to inform the design of training programmes specifically for GTAs who work in undergraduate science labs, for example, programmes should provide strategies for GTAs to obtain feedback which they can use to enhance their teaching skills. The goal of this study is to improve undergraduate lab instruction in faculties of science and to enhance the teaching experience of GTAs by better preparing them for their role. 相似文献
3.
为了提高近代物理实验室对本科实践创新能力培养的支持能力,探索通过利用科研资源以优化实验室条件、发展专题实验以实现交叉学科联合训练、提炼主题训练项目以实现工程创新培训支撑,从而实现实验室在广度和深度方向的立体化发展。实验室在内容结构上将拥有基础性实验、研究型专题实验和主题训练实验等模块和项目,在服务对像上从本科生拓展到工程技术人员,从功能和能力上将从近代物理基础实验训练支撑提高到具备多层次基础交叉联合训练和工程技术创新培训支撑能力。这种教学实验室立体化的发展思路,对于研究如何通过教学实验室的条件改善和角色转换、满足新时期条件下的高素质人才培养需要具有很好的借鉴意义。 相似文献
4.
Teachers use remote labs and simulations to augment or even replace hands-on science learning. We compared undergraduate students’ experiences with a remote lab and a simulation to investigate beliefs about and learning from the interactions. Although learning occurred in both groups, students were more deeply engaged while performing the remote lab. Remote lab users felt and behaved as though they completed a real scientific experiment. We also examined whether realistic visualizations improved the psychological and learning experiences for each lab. Students who watched live video of the device collecting their data in the remote lab felt most engaged with the task, suggesting that it is the combination of the realistic lab and realistic video that was of the greatest benefit. 相似文献
5.
Over the years, rapid development in computer technology has engendered simulation-based laboratory (lab) in addition to the traditional hands-on (physical) lab. Many higher education institutions adopt simulation lab, replacing some existing physical lab experiments. The creation of new systems for conducting engineering lab activities has raised concerns among educators on the merits and shortcomings of both physical and simulation labs; at the same time, many arguments have been raised on the differences of both labs. Investigating the effectiveness of both labs is complicated, as there are multiple factors that should be considered. In view of this challenge, a study on students’ perspectives on their experience related to key aspects on engineering laboratory exercise was conducted. In this study, the Visual Auditory Read and Kinetic model was utilised to measure the students’ cognitive styles. The investigation was done through a survey among participants from Multimedia University, Malaysia. The findings revealed that there are significant differences for most of the aspects in physical and simulation labs. 相似文献
6.
We describe how a team approach that we developed as a mentoring strategy can be used to recruit, advance, and guide students to be more interested in the interdisciplinary field of mathematical biology, and lead to success in undergraduate research in this field. Students are introduced to research in their first semester via lab rotations. Their participation in the research of four faculty members-two from biology and two from mathematics-gives them a first-hand overview of research in quantitative biology and also some initial experience in research itself. However, one of the primary goals of the lab rotation experience is that of developing teams of students and faculty that combine mathematics and statistics with biology and the life sciences, teams that subsequently mentor undergraduate research in genuine interdisciplinary environments. Thus, the team concept serves not only as a means of establishing interdisciplinary research, but also as a means of incorporating new students into existing research efforts that will then track those students into meaningful research of their own. We report how the team concept is used to support undergraduate research in mathematical biology and what types of team-building strategies have worked for us. 相似文献
7.
Active‐learning labs for two topics in high school biology were developed through the collaboration of high school teachers and university faculty and staff and were administered to 408 high school students in six classrooms. The content of instruction and testing was guided by State of Texas science objectives. Detailed teacher records describing daily classroom activities were used to operationalize two types of instruction: active learning, which used the labs; and traditional, which used the teaching resources ordinarily available to the teacher. Teacher records indicated that they used less independent work and fewer worksheets, and more collaborative and lab‐based activities, with active‐learning labs compared to traditional instruction. In‐class test data show that students gained significantly more content knowledge and knowledge of process skills using the labs compared to traditional instruction. Questionnaire data revealed that students perceived greater learning gains after completing the labs compared to covering the same content through traditional methods. An independent questionnaire administered to a larger sample of teachers who used the lab‐based curriculum indicated that they perceived changing their behaviors as intended by the student‐centered principles of the labs. The major implication of this study is that active‐learning–based laboratory units designed and developed collaboratively by high school teachers and university faculty, and then used by high school teachers in their classrooms, can lead to increased use of student‐centered instructional practices as well as enhanced content knowledge and process learning for students. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 960–979, 2007 相似文献
8.
计算机网络在力学开放实验中的辅助教学 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
工科力学实验是工科基础力学教学中一个重要环节,也是大学生首次接触与工程实际有密切联系的实验项目,对学生能力的培养起着重要的作用。由于力学实验对设备使用和实验的场地都有较高的要求,不允许学生在不熟悉实验内容的情况下进入实验室预习实验,影响了学生在开放实验室独立完成力学实验的效果,延长了学生在实验室的时间,减少了设备的有效使用时间。本文介绍了长安大学力学实验室近年来利用学校网络,建立力学实验计算机辅助教学系统,进行力学实验教学改革的一些思路和做法,并对今后的工作提出了符合实际的设想。 相似文献
9.
Eagan MK Sharkness J Hurtado S Mosqueda CM Chang MJ 《Research in higher education》2011,52(2):151-177
Despite the many benefits of involving undergraduates in research and the growing number of undergraduate research programs,
few scholars have investigated the factors that affect faculty members’ decisions to involve undergraduates in their research
projects. We investigated the individual factors and institutional contexts that predict faculty members’ likelihood of engaging
undergraduates in their research project(s). Using data from the Higher Education Research Institute’s 2007–2008 Faculty Survey,
we employ hierarchical generalized linear modeling to analyze data from 4,832 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) faculty across 194 institutions to examine how organizational citizenship behavior theory and social exchange theory
relate to mentoring students in research. Key findings show that faculty who work in the life sciences and those who receive
government funding for their research are more likely to involve undergraduates in their research project(s). In addition,
faculty at liberal arts or historically Black colleges are significantly more likely to involve undergraduate students in
research. Implications for advancing undergraduate research opportunities are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Carlton J. Fong Joanna Gilmore Tershia Pinder-Grover Molly Hatcher 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2019,43(3):363-380
As current graduate instructors of labs and class discussions, teaching assistants (TAs) play a critical role in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) undergraduate education, especially as some graduate students may choose a faculty career in the future. Because of the importance of TAs and their development as scholars and instructors, we sought to determine the most effective methods of preparing engineering TAs at two research universities. We compare the impact of a teaching orientation with one of four teaching development programmes (Pedagogy Course, Advanced Practice Teaching, Workshop Attendance with Written Reflection, or Mid-Semester Student Feedback with Written Reflection) on engineering TAs’ teaching efficacy and definitions of active learning. Results indicated that the Pedagogy Course consistently increased TAs’ teaching efficacy and attitudes toward teaching compared with the other programmes. We also found that stand-alone Mid-Semester Student Feedback with Written Reflection enhanced TAs’ efficacy for reflection and beliefs about teaching. We discuss implications for providing teaching development for graduate students and directions for future research. 相似文献
11.
AbstractTo be successful, junior faculty must properly manage their time in the face of expanding responsibilities. One such responsibility is supervising undergraduate research projects. Student research projects (either single or multi-student) can be undertaken as a full-time summer experience, or as a part-time academic year commitment. With many potential undergraduate research formats, and with different types of students, junior faculty may find challenges in forming their research group, establishing a structure that promotes student productivity, picking an appropriate project, or in effectively mentoring their students. This article draws from the authors’ experiences to help junior faculty navigate these complexities so that all parties reap the benefits of undergraduate research in interdisciplinary mathematical disciplines. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Darrah Roxann Humbert Jeanne Finstein Marllin Simon John Hopkins 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2014,23(6):803-814
Most physics professors would agree that the lab experiences students have in introductory physics are central to the learning of the concepts in the course. It is also true that these physics labs require time and money for upkeep, not to mention the hours spent setting up and taking down labs. Virtual physics lab experiences can provide an alternative or supplement to these traditional hands-on labs. However, physics professors may be very hesitant to give up the hands-on labs, which have been such a central part of their courses, for a more cost and time-saving virtual alternative. Thus, it is important to investigate how the learning from these virtual experiences compares to that acquired through a hands-on experience. This study evaluated a comprehensive set of virtual labs for introductory level college physics courses and compared them to a hands-on physics lab experience. Each of the virtual labs contains everything a student needs to conduct a physics laboratory experiment, including: objectives, background theory, 3D simulation, brief video, data collection tools, pre- and postlab questions, and postlab quiz. This research was conducted with 224 students from two large universities and investigated the learning that occurred with students using the virtual labs either in a lab setting or as a supplement to hands-on labs versus a control group of students using the traditional hands-on labs only. Findings from both university settings showed the virtual labs to be as effective as the traditional hands-on physics labs. 相似文献
13.
A well-constructed, step-by-step protocol is a critical starting point for teaching undergraduates new techniques, an important record of a lab's standard procedures, and a useful mechanism for sharing techniques between labs. Many research labs use websites to archive and share their protocols for these purposes. Here we describe our experiences developing and using a protocol website for the additional purpose of enhancing undergraduate research training. We created our lab's protocol website in a message board format that allows undergraduates to post comments on protocols describing the lessons they learned, questions that arose, and/or insights they gained while learning to execute specific research protocols. Encouraging and expecting students to comment on the protocols they are learning to execute is beneficial for both the student and for the lab in which they are training. For the student, annotations encourage active reflection on their execution of techniques and emphasize the important message that attending to and understanding details of a protocol is a critical factor in producing reliable data. For the lab, annotations capture valuable insights for future generations of researchers by describing missing details, hints, and common hurdles for newcomers. 相似文献
14.
高校实验室是师生进行实验和科研的重要场所,同时也是产生与排放污染物最多的地方。这些污染物处理不当将会对环境造成严重污染。因此,实现高校实验室的绿色化管理是实验教学发展的必然趋势,已经成为新世纪实验教学人员研究的新课题。本文在分析环境工程实验室的现状基础上,从实验仪器管理、实验试剂管理、废弃物管理以及实验准备与方法几个方面探讨了环境工程实验室的绿色化管理方法,提出了针对性的管理措施,初步建立了环境工程绿色实验室,为今后环境工程类实验室的绿色化管理提供参考依据。 相似文献
15.
Rachelle M. Spell Judith A. Guinan Kristen R. Miller Christopher W. Beck 《CBE life sciences education》2014,13(1):102-110
Incorporating authentic research experiences in introductory biology laboratory classes would greatly expand the number of students exposed to the excitement of discovery and the rigor of the scientific process. However, the essential components of an authentic research experience and the barriers to their implementation in laboratory classes are poorly defined. To guide future reform efforts in this area, we conducted a national survey of biology faculty members to determine 1) their definitions of authentic research experiences in laboratory classes, 2) the extent of authentic research experiences currently experienced in their laboratory classes, and 3) the barriers that prevent incorporation of authentic research experiences into these classes. Strikingly, the definitions of authentic research experiences differ among faculty members and tend to emphasize either the scientific process or the discovery of previously unknown data. The low level of authentic research experiences in introductory biology labs suggests that more development and support is needed to increase undergraduate exposure to research experiences. Faculty members did not cite several barriers commonly assumed to impair pedagogical reform; however, their responses suggest that expanded support for development of research experiences in laboratory classes could address the most common barrier. 相似文献
16.
Shannon N. Davis Duhita Mahatmya Pamela W. Garner Rebecca M. Jones 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2015,23(5):427-440
Interdisciplinary research is a valuable approach to addressing complex real-world problems. However, undergraduate research mentoring is discussed as an activity that happens in disciplinary silos where the mentor and student scholar share a disciplinary background. By transcending traditional academic divisions, we argue that mentors can train a new generation of scholars who think innovatively and create integrative research questions. We examined a sample of undergraduate students and their faculty mentors to determine the extent to which interdisciplinary research teams exist at George Mason University. Results indicated that interdisciplinary research teams are rare and faculty rank was their main predictor. University administrations can make specific choices regarding recognition and support for interdisciplinary undergraduate research mentoring that also advance institutional mission and values. 相似文献
17.
This study describes the peer mentoring experience from doctoral student mentors?? point of view. Twelve science and engineering doctoral students participated in this phenomenology study. The findings suggest doctoral peer mentors served instrumental, psychosocial, buffering, and liaison roles; they passed on their social, professional, and academic knowledge to their mentees and tried to assist them in adapting to the culture of the lab and academia. The study identified a variety of factors that influenced their attitudes and behaviors as peer mentors and concluded this system would be beneficial to the learning and development of both individual students and lab teams. The aims of this study were threefold: first, to identify the importance and necessity of peer mentoring systems as part of the experience of working in labs in graduate school; second, to ascertain which interactions and factors in the peer mentoring relationship benefitted both peer mentors and peer mentees; and third, to explore what might constitute best practices in the peer mentoring relationship. 相似文献
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19.
随着建筑电气与智能化专业开设院校的增加,该专业已经成为新兴的热门专业,实验室的建设也受到了越来越多的关注.通过对一些高校实验室建设现状的调查,总结在选择实验室建设方案时应考虑的主要问题,为相关实验室的建设提供一定的参考. 相似文献
20.
徐智德 《黄河科技大学学报》2006,8(4):9-11
我国国家承认学历的民办本专科院校已经解决了生存危机,正由圈地盖房、扩大规模转向以实验室建设为基础的办学条件的全面提升。实验室建设不仅是提高应用型本专科教育质量的基础建设,也是学校向高水平大学努力的必经之途。民办高校要统筹本校教学、科研、师资队伍建设的需要,认真规划、滚动推进实验室建设。国家也要使财政性教育经费投入多元化,与民办高校共建合格的实验室,促进各类高校和谐、持续地发展。 相似文献