共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 155 毫秒
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对固体碱催化剂催化固定床法工业化生产生物柴油进行了模拟.顺利进行了小试实验,并建立了生物柴油合成的酯交换反应的动力学模型,该模型能较为准确地描述酯交换反应.通过对文献中的气液平衡数据的回归得到了生物柴油的安托因方程.选择NRTL模型对脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)-甲醇-甘油体系进行描述,得到了体系NRTL的二组分参数,利用Aspen Plus对该体系液液平衡数据(LLE)的回归得到了三组分相图.为了预测固定床工艺生产在工业规模放大1 000倍后的效果,Aspen Plus对2个流程进行了仿真模拟,预测物料和能量消耗.模拟结果表明,与先前文献报道的数据相比,每小时生产每吨生物柴油至少可以减少350.42 kW的能量消耗. 相似文献
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以植物油脚-皂脚为原料,采用酸化、酯化、酯交换的方法来制取生物柴油。通过正交实验得到酸化植物油脚-皂脚与甲醇酯化、酯交换的最佳工艺条件:醇油脚比为6∶1,催化剂用量4%,反应温度65℃,反应时间4 h,脂肪酸甲酯的收率达到76.8%,酸值为0.5 mg KOH/g。制备的生物柴油,其主要性能指标与0#柴油接近,比其他柴油组分的调和性好,具有较好的社会经济效益。 相似文献
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《兰州石化职业技术学院学报》2018,(4)
用自制的SO_4~(2-)/La_2O_3-ZrO_2固体超强酸催化剂催化生活污油与乙醇进行酯化/酯交换反应,制备生物柴油。结果表明,在醇油比11∶1,催化剂用量2. 0%,80℃下反应5h,生物柴油的酯化率可达93. 2%。用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对所得产品进行表征分析,表明其主要成分为C16～C18脂肪酸乙酯,且纯度高。 相似文献
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以间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPM)和乙二醇(EG)为原料,在一定的温度和催化剂条件下进行酯交换反应制备常用聚酯染色改性剂间苯二甲酸双羟乙酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPE)。用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定转化率,系统研究了反应温度,时间,催化剂类型及用量,物料的摩尔配比等因素对SIPE转化率的影响。实验结果表明,获得较高SIPE转化率的最佳工艺条件为:EG/SIPM摩尔比为10.6,0.4%的Zn(Ac)2做催化剂,175℃,反应2h。 相似文献
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碳酸丙烯酯具有很高的应用价值,作为医药中间体在制药业中有着广泛的应用．通过对外消旋环己二胺进行拆分,进-步合成手性催化剂（S,S）-SalenCo,然后利用手性催化剂,动力学对外消旋的环氧丙烷开环得到手性1,2-丙二醇,再用手性的1,2-丙二醇与碳酸二乙酯通过酯交换反应得到手性碳酸丙烯酯．该方法具有对环境友好、反应条件温和等优点,为R-碳酸丙烯酯的合成提供了新途径． 相似文献
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张晓伟 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2013,(6):67-70
文章考察了使用冶炼镁工业废渣制备非均相固体碱催化剂并评价了该系列催化剂在菜籽油与甲醇的酯交换反应中的活性。废渣处理后,与SiO2在无水乙醇中浸渍,干燥后,在N2保护下1073K焙烧5h。用XRD、CO2-TPD、BET等对该系列催化剂进行了表征,发现当Mg-Ca/Si摩尔比变化范围6-9:1时,形成稳定的六边形的MgO和立方体CaO,对于酯交换反应展现出较高的活性。并且,催化剂的活性随着Mg-Ca含量的增加而增大。在最有条件下,油脂转化率可达到99.8%,活性类似于商业使用的碳酸钙催化剂。 相似文献
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T. Pradeep 《Resonance》1999,4(1):53-62
In recent years, a number of systems have been shown to spontaneously assemble on appropriate solid surfaces to form films with thicknesses of molecular dimensions. The special techniques needed to prepare, characterise and study such monolayers are described. The potential applications of these systems as catalysts, sensors, electrooptic and other materials are summarized. 相似文献
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Supported bimetallic nanoparticulate catalysts are an important class of heterogeneous catalysts for many reactions including selective oxidation, hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis, reforming, biomass conversion reactions, and many more. The activity, selectivity, and stability of these catalysts depend on their structural features including particle size, composition, and morphology. In this review, we present important structural features relevant to supported bimetallic catalysts focusing on Pd-based bimetallic systems and recently reported strategies to control them through different synthesis methodologies. Further, we focus on a few reactions that are relevant to environmental catalysis, i.e. CO oxidation, hydrocarbon oxidation, hydrodechlorination, and NO x decomposition, where Pd-based catalysts are often used successfully. In spite of much progress in these areas, still there is a need for more advanced catalytic technologies to address the grand challenges like environmental remediation. Some of the recent advances in the design of bimetallic catalysts were made because of the combined efforts of material scientists, spectroscopists, microscopists, catalysis chemists, and engineers through state-of-the-art characterization methodologies, mechanistic investigations, and structure-activity correlations. This review is aimed at inspiring scientists to rationally design catalysts for a green and sustainable future. 相似文献