共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
1.
城镇居民收入扩大的原因很多，通过建立1978年以来我国城镇居民收入差距的直观统计图，实证分析了居民的收入差距，归纳出了影响收入差距内在原因与外在影响因素。 相似文献
2.
分配制度对城镇居民收入差距的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
颜俊学 《沙洋师范高等专科学校学报》2005,6(3):60-62
分配制度的变化是影响城镇居民收入差距的原因之一，通过透视我国分配制度的演变历程，分析分配制度创新、制度缺陷和政府调控能力等方面对城镇居民收入差距的影响，并从缩小收入差距的因素进行分析，努力探索新的分配形式和政策调控措施来缩小收入差距。 相似文献
3.
收入差距扩大成为影响构建和谐社会的原因之一。本文根据近十年乌鲁木齐城镇居民收入的统计数据,利用多元统计,分析造成收入差距的主要相关因素并进行分析,为制定缩小收入差距提供政策依据。 相似文献
4.
王向东 《山西大学师范学院学报》2011,(2):66-68
改革开放三十年来山西省的经济发展呈现快速增长的态势,但是城乡收入差距一直突出,山西省城乡收入差距变动与全国基本相似,都经历了一个由大到小、再由小到大的变动过程,同时又表现出时间上波动较大和空间上差异显著的特征。其中,资源型经济特征和独特的自然环境是形成山西省城乡收入差距大的主要因素。缩小山西省城乡收入差距,关键在于统筹城乡发展,推进城乡一体化进程。 相似文献
5.
6.
本文通过回归模型分析影响城乡收入差距变动的因素,发现第三产业就业人口比重与城乡收入差距之间的关系最为密切,第三产业的健康发展对缩小城乡收入差距,促进和谐社会的构建有重大的影响。 相似文献
7.
通过对城乡居民收入差距现状的分析,验证我国城乡居民收入差距受经济、二元体制、政策等多种因素的影响。通过协整检验和建立误差修正模型,分析结果表明,城市化水平是影响中国城乡居民收入差距变动的主要因素。 相似文献
8.
吴磊 《商丘师范学院学报》2014,(5):108-110
针对河南省城镇居民消费增长缓慢的现实,选取收入差距作为研究视角分析居民收入对消费支出的影响。通过基尼系数衡量河南省城镇居民的收入分配差距程度,借助Eviews统计软件,对城镇居民的收入和支出作回归分析,结果表明收入与支出之间具有高度相关性,并且高收入阶层的边际消费倾向显著低于低收入阶层。因此,为缩小收入差距,应加快推进税制改革、建立健全城镇居民社会保障体系、增强城镇居民购买力等以提高河南省城镇居民消费需求。 相似文献
9.
基于2008年中国家庭收入调查的数据,利用Blinder-Oaxaca工资差异分解方法,分析城镇居民和城镇移民的工资歧视问题,得出的两个初步结论是:城镇居民和城镇移民的收入水平存在差距,这种差距几乎完全是由他们的人力资本特征差距造成的;虽然收入差异中几乎不存在歧视性因素,但是实质歧视仍存在于不同群体受教育阶段中获得资源的不均衡。这种歧视在人力资本差距中,以受教育程度显著差距的形式体现出来。 相似文献
10.
从农村居民收入水平和收入差距出发,对影响重庆市农村居民消费的收入因素进行了分析。研究结果显示:农村居民消费倾向存在阶段性变化特征,当前消费倾向存在上升趋势但并不乐观;重庆市农民收入存在显著的群体差距和地区差距,将对农村居民消费产生重要影响。 相似文献
11.
This paper explores the quantitative relationships between average levels of learning achievement across countries, changes in average levels of learning achievement, the inequality of distribution of achievement (akin to income or wealth inequality in general development analysis), and the proportion of students learning at or below an absolute minimum (akin to poverty in general development analysis). The paper uses a variety of data from cross-national and national assessments: aggregate data, micro (student-level) data, school-level data, and time-series data. The paper shows how various factors such as gender or wealth impact learning levels, but also shows that ‘systems-related’ inequality, not directly related to such factors, is typically much larger than inequality associated with any of those factors. The paper shows that countries progress from very low average levels of achievement to middle levels more by reducing the percentage of students with very low scores (that is, by paying attention to the ‘bulging’ left-hand tail of the distribution) than by increasing the percentage of high performing students. The availability of micro data from a particular case allows exploration of the relationship between inequality measures and measures of the percentage of students below a low level of achievement and shows that, at least in that case, the reduction in inequality that accompanies improvements in the average levels takes place mostly through a reduction in the percentage below a low level. Unlike in the case of income, where vast reductions in income poverty seem possible without reducing income inequality, the evidence presented here suggests that this typically does not happen with learning levels: inequality reduction, reductions in percentages below a low level, and improvements in the averages are all empirically connected. More work is needed to show whether that connection is also causal. 相似文献
12.
家庭背景与子女高等教育的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用2002年数据,对子女的大学教育与家庭背景进行了计量回归分析,在回归中重点考察了父母收入、教育及职业对子女上大学的影响。实证研究结果表明,在中国城镇居民中,父母收入对子女上大学的机会有很大影响,这一影响比西方发达国家要大很多,说明在中国代际之间的不平等转移更为严重。同时,父母受教育情况与子女大学教育有正的显著相关关系,父亲的受教育程度对子女的影响更大。 相似文献
13.
本文研究收入不均等对教育的影响及途径,并运用中国大陆各地区的面板数据,实证检验收入不均等对教育的影响效果。实证结果表明,收入不均等与人均受教育年限呈反相关关系,即收入不均等程度越大,人均受教育年限越短,收入不均等对教育型人力资本影响显著。 相似文献
14.
经济增长中收入差距扩大问题研究——以内蒙古为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
改革开放以来,内蒙古地区经济快速增长,但是地区内部收入差距却在扩大。按阶段把东西部相对人均收入差距分解为城镇化、东西部城乡间差距和东西部城乡内部差距三个部分,结果发现：18年来内蒙古东西部收入差距日渐扩大。东西部城市内部收入差距和城市化速度是导致东西部收入差距的主要原因。 相似文献
15.
教育不平等与收入分配差距:中国的实证分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on the endogenous growth theory, this paper uses the Gini coefficient to measure educational inequality and studies
the empirical relationship between educational inequality and income inequality through a simultaneous equation model. The
results show that: (1) Income inequality leads to educational inequality while the reduction of educational equality does
not contribute to the decrease of income inequality, and there is no simple casual effect between them. However education
expansion is beneficial to reduce educational inequality and income inequality. (2) Education relates to income inequality
through the human capital transmission mechanism, but this mechanism does not automatically translate into a virtuous cycle
of “educational equality↔income equality”. (3) In the long run, the reduction of educational inequality does not reduce income
inequality, but income inequality has a negative instant-impact on educational equality. (4) At present, the level of educational
investment and urbanization do not effectively promote educational equality. In addition, the robustness of the model used
in this paper has been partly proved.
__________
Translated from Guanli Shijie 管理世界 (Management World), 2008, (1): 38–47 相似文献
16.
收入不平等对经济增长的影响一直是经济学研究的重要主题,围绕这一主题展开的研究形成了促进经济增长与损害经济增长的两种完全相反的见解。斯蒂格利茨长期关注收入不平等问题,针对收入不平等可以促进经济增长的传统观点(自由主义经济学观点),斯蒂格利茨从多视角给予了否定,明确指出收入不平等将损害经济增长。在斯蒂格利茨看来,2008年金融危机的重要起因就是美国社会严重的收入不平等。 相似文献
17.
This article analyzes both the current situation regarding education inequality in China, and its formation mechanisms. Policies promoting education have lead to remarkable progress in educational attainment, and also effectively decreased educational inequality. However, substantial inequalities in educational attainment remain, even though sustainable progress has been realized. Decomposition results using the Gini coefficient and Shapley value approach based on regression analysis indicate that the greatest contributing factors to educational inequality involve the urban–rural and social stratification divisions. Moreover, the household register system which divides city and country, as well as increasing income inequality is deepening institutional barriers and stratum differentiation. Though gender and regional gaps have been reduced significantly, the population residing in economically disadvantaged areas, especially females, still warrants social concern. In addition, age related decomposition results indicate that increasing educational attainment for the young plays a key role in reducing education inequality. At last, we argue that more educational investment should be allocated to disadvantaged groups and lower income groups; especially eliminating some institutional barriers such as the hukou system, unequal distribution of good quality educational resources, and so on. 相似文献
18.
使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据和基于再中心化影响函数(RIF)回归的Oaxaca-Blinder(RIF-OB)分解方法,研究了2005-2015年我国教育扩张对收入差距的影响。研究发现:教育扩张是近年来我国收入差距缩小的重要因素,分解结果表明教育扩张的要素构成效应会扩大收入不平等,而教育扩张的要素报酬效应降低了收入不平等。前者是因为高校扩招加剧了教育不平等,后者则是因为自1990年以来我国教育回报率持续上升的势头从2005年左右停止并呈现下降趋势,具体表现为高中和高等教育在收入的高分位处的溢价大幅下降。教育回报率的改变主要是由于教育扩张带来劳动力供求关系的变化以及近年来我国市场化转型有所放缓。在当前经济转型时期,我国高中阶段教育普及和高等教育扩张或可成为缩小收入差距的重要政策工具。 相似文献
19.
在传统的李嘉图模型和H-O模型的基础上,通过引入技术赶超的概念,建立一个贸易和收入分配的一般均衡模型,从技术赶超的角度解释对外贸易对收入差距的影响机制。通过实证检验发现我国贸易结构的变化扩大了收入差距,这种结构变化主要是通过技术赶超实现的,技能劳动力需求的增长和地区间发展的不平衡等因素也对我国收入差距扩大化产生一定的影响。 相似文献
20.
This study investigates, statistically and econometrically, the income level, income inequality, education inequality, and
the relationship between education and income of different social groups, on the basis of the Chinese Urban Household Survey
conducted in 2005, the Gini coefficient and the quartile regression method. Research findings indicate that income inequality
in China shows a significantly increasing trend since the beginning of the 1990s, which is attributed to the lowest income
groups. Additionally, it is seen that the higher the level of education in a group, the smaller the income gap within it.
As a result, the rate of returns on education for the “group with weaker ability to earn” is higher than that for the “group
with stronger ability to earn”.
Translated from Beijing Daxue Jiaoyu Pinglun 北京大学教育评论 (Peking University Education Review), 2006, 4(2): 85–92 相似文献