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心血管系统在时间和空间上均具有多尺度特点,其中微观机制决定着微观结构并最终影响宏观功能。目前,心血管系统研究在各个尺度上均有一定进展,但各维度的整合与应用还处于起步阶段。结合分子生物学与细胞生物学技术、多组学技术、小动物模型构建技术、多尺度成像与功能检测技术以及计算机建模技术,将不同尺度实验数据进行整合,可以更好地理解心血管生理与病理特征。这种研究模式已在心肌钙信号、心脏与血管重塑、血流动力学、心脏动力学等研究中得到应用,为相关机制研究提供了新思路和新途径,并有望在分子到生理水平上实现对心血管系统的虚拟仿真,从而为特异性心血管疾病诊断、手术方案设计、非侵入性精准诊断、预测评估等提供新方法和新标准。 相似文献
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刘强 《科技成果管理与研究》2013,(6):90-90
中科院微生物研究所研究员方敏博士长期从事病毒免疫学的研究,其主要研究领域为病毒感染后机体的免疫系统是如何作用来控制病毒的感染,以及基于免疫学方面的亚病毒疫苗的研究。近年来,方敏博士的研究主要集中在NK细胞领域,她研究揭示了NK细胞在抗痘病毒感染中的分子识别机制与免疫调控功能,并发现NK细胞功能随年龄的增长而下降从而导致小鼠丧失抵抗病毒感染的能力,这对于人们认识免疫衰老的机制有重要推动作用。 相似文献
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王玮 《科技成果管理与研究》2016,(5)
与衰老相关的疾病近年来在人群中快速增长,给国家、社会和家庭带来巨大压力和负担.肺衰老研究是组织器官衰老研究的重要组成部分,从组织器官水平对衰老过程进行研究,能从整体角度认识衰老和衰老相关疾病,并更好地促进转化医学将衰老研究应用于实践和临床.因此,杭州师范大学医学院衰老研究所张克雄教授带领课题组开展了肺组织衰老及其相关疾病的分子机制研究. 相似文献
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在国家自然科学基金委重点项目资助下,王金星课题组针对对虾养殖业中病害防控的实际需求,围绕着对虾免疫系统与细菌和病毒性两类重要病原(鳗弧菌和白斑综合征病毒)之间的相互作用开展研究,取得了系列创新性成果:(1)揭示了对虾抵御病原入侵的细胞和分子机制。主要阐释了不同的模式识别受体识别和防御病原的机理,包括FcLec4通过行使调理素的功能促进对病原的吞噬、Leulectin不同识别模块之间在抗细菌免疫中分工与协作的新机理、MjHeCL感知血淋巴菌群及参与菌群动态平衡调控的机理以及清道夫受体参与的抗病毒免疫的新途径等;(2)发现了病原侵入机体后宿主细胞抵御病原的信号途径及效应机制。主要揭示了对虾Toll和IMD信号途径的特点、调控机理及下游的效应分子,阐释了JAK/STAT途径激活的特征及调控的下游效应分子,并发现Toll途径的激活机制不同于果蝇而与哺乳动物相似;(3)阐明了胞内病原逃逸宿主免疫的分子机制。阐释了白斑综合征病毒利用宿主的C-型凝集素以胆固醇依赖的方式入侵宿主细胞的分子机理以及利用宿主的SUMO化系统促进自身复制的机理。该研究为对虾养殖的病害防治提供了新思路、新方法、新的候选药物以及对虾抗病品系培育的新靶标。 相似文献
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心律失常是一类严重威胁人类生命安全的心血管疾病,其机制复杂,临床治疗亟待改进。当前虚拟电生理仿真模型整合离子通道电生理特性、动作电位、体表心动图等基础研究数据,对心电活动和心律失常机制的阐释有了长足的进步,但与真实人体心电活动仍存在一定差异。本文结合基础与临床最新研究进展,提出将离子通道β亚基、细胞器和亚细胞结构等调节心电活动的数据以及基于人类iPS衍生的心脏类器官获取的心电数据纳入心电模型构建的策略,从微观和宏观多尺度更新、完善和验证虚拟心脏电生理模型,并提出通过分子对接结合心电仿真模型筛选、评估靶向治疗心律失常药物的思路。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献