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1.
Recently, there has been increasing criticism concerning academic computer science education. This paper presents a new approach based on the principles of constructivist learning design as well as the ideas of knowledge transfer in communities of practice. The course ‘High‐tech Entrepreneurship and New Media’ was introduced as an interdisciplinary project management lab in which students collaborate in groups to develop software solutions for authentic problems. Main goals were the tighter integration of university and local start‐up companies, an intense knowledge transfer on software engineering methods, as well as the implementation of constructivist learning principles in academic teaching. This paper presents the background and structure of the course as well as the results of a formative evaluation. While being successful in introducing a course based on digital‐media assisted, constructivist learning arrangements, establishing lasting communities of practice between university and industry is still an open issue. After discussing several reasons, the paper concludes with a list of general recommendations on how to improve the approach and its implementation. 相似文献
2.
网络教学是建立在计算机辅助教学（CAI）和以广播电视为媒体的第二代远程教育基础之上,利用计算机技术和现代通信技术发展起来的一种现代教学模式。与传统课堂教学相比,从学习的适用对象、教育内容的表现形式、课程的组织安排和学习者的学习方式来看,网络教学都具有不可比拟的优越性。将网络教学引进高校是提高其课程教学水平的有效手段。其中,网络课程的设计开发是关键。本文基于建构主义理论,就高校网络课程的设计与开发提出了自己的认识。 相似文献
3.
Mary R. Sudzina 《Educational Psychology Review》1997,9(2):199-260
Recent interest and inquiry into constructivism, pedagogical content knowledge, and case study methodology are influencing the content and goals of educational psychology in teacher preparation. The reasons seem clear: The content of educational psychology lends itself to authentic, active, and pragmatic applications of theory to school practices, as well as to investigations of a variety of educational issues, perspectives, and contexts which can be viewed through case study, a constructivist problem-based approach to learning. Widely-used educational psychology texts are including constructivism as a cognitive alternative to behaviorist and information processing views of teaching and learning. Concurrently, case studies are being integrated in educational psychology texts, and a myriad of case texts have appeared with application to educational psychology courses. This article considers the decisions, benefits, and difficulties in teaching educational psychology through a constructivist case study approach. 相似文献
4.
W. R. Klemm 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):507-518
For 3years, I have been teaching neuroscience courses by using computer conferencing to complement the traditional lectures. Typically, the conferencing involved local, on‐campus students, although one semester the class was combined from on‐campus and off‐campus students. For most of my 33‐year teaching career, I had used the teaching approach that most professors use, which is what educational theorists call “instructivist.” Critics call that “stand and deliver.” Lecturing is an efficient way to dispense organized information, but it does not ensure learning nor is it very effective in showing students how to learn on their own. Instructivism can be enriched by complementing it with “constructivist” approaches. Constructivists argue that there is a direct relationship between the amount of learning that occurs and the extent to which the environment provides a rich source of engaging experiences in which students construct their own knowledge and understanding. I have found that such an environment is readily provided by computer conferencing. In my teaching of neuroscience, I have used a network software system (FORUM) for small student groups to conduct a variety of constructivist learning activities. Within weekly deadlines, students worked in groups at their own pace and time of convenience. My impression of the advantages of such conferencing for constructivist activities include the promotion of socialization in “cyberspace,” providing an environment for team learning, the reduction of social problems in face‐to‐face instruction, increased teaching and learning efficiency, more comprehensive means for assessing student learning, and improved quality of student work. 相似文献
5.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》2001,17(1):15-31
It has been argued that technology will promote the use of constructivist approaches to teaching and learning advocated by the current reform movement. Yet computer technology, in and of itself, does not embody a single pedagogical orientation. Different types of software can be used to address different educational goals. This article examines relationships between teachers’ instructional perspectives and their use of technology in instruction. Findings indicate that views about effective computer-based pedagogy are related to the types of software teachers report using with their students. Addressing these perspectives about effective instruction is necessary if computers are to reach their educational potential. 相似文献
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This study was conducted in the framework of a project that sought to change the school learning and teaching environment and adapt it to current reality through the proactive use of technology in the search for knowledge. It is an exploratory, longitudinal, case study of a single school, in one city in central Israel, which examines changes in educational beliefs, classroom practices, and knowledge restructuring processes of six teachers of grades 4-6, who for three years experienced an approach to teaching and learning focusing on information-rich tasks in an information-rich environment. The main findings show different patterns and rates of change in teacher educational beliefs, knowledge restructuring processes and classroom practices. They also demonstrate that students of teachers whose educational beliefs and classroom practices radically changed and which reflected a constructivist approach to learning regarded learning as a process of engaging with complex, context-related tasks requiring multiple viewpoints, whereas students whose teachers had a traditional positivist approach saw technologyassisted learning as learning with technical tools. The study indicates a reciprocal rather than unidirectional relationship between teacher classroom practice and changes in teacher educational beliefs and knowledge restructuring processes. 相似文献
8.
The constructivist paradigm opens abundant opportunities for effective knowledge construction in which student build knowledge and continually evaluated and improved their knowledge. The teaching mode under constructivist pedagogy redefines the role of students and the teachers and their interrelationships by creating a nurturing environment. By adapting constructivist framework, this article demonstrates how the variation of learning practices was critical in facilitating Primary 4 students in Singapore to carry out seamless science learning. The variation of learning practices enables the students to explore a particular scientific concept through various learning experience across the contexts. The study adapted the framework of the Objects of Constructivist Learning Model for the improvement of the seamless science learning design. When redesigning the lesson, a conscious effort was made by the teacher to create relevant patterns of variation, that is, varying certain critical aspect(s) while keeping other aspects of the object of learning invariant in order to help students discern those critical aspects. The findings contribute knowledge to how the Theory of Variation can be used in analyzing seamless learning as well as designing for constructivist learning experiences. The findings have also demonstrated that the complementary practice of constructivist pedagogy with variation theory as a viable and effective approach in seamless science learning, at which it deepened students' understanding through constructing the critical aspects of a phenomenon. Engagement with primary school students in experiencing the variations allowed the translation of theory into practice. 相似文献
9.
Marina Papastergiou 《Learning, Media and Technology》2005,30(3):263-279
This paper reports on a project‐based learning (PBL) environment targeted towards introducing student teachers to the design and development of educational web sites. The participants were 46 student teachers who constructed 16 web sites for primary school. A survey of their views, before and after the projects, and an evaluation of the web sites created by them were conducted with a view to assessing their responses to the learning environment, its impact on them, as well as the challenges faced during web site creation. The results showed that the PBL approach has been motivational and effective regarding the acquisition of web site design and development skills. The participants demystified the process of educational web site creation and became more interested in and self‐confident about it, although they encountered certain difficulties in image processing, file management and design of navigational structures. 相似文献
10.
Maria Kordaki 《Education and Information Technologies》2011,16(4):395-421
This paper presents the design, features and pilot evaluation study of a computer card game for the learning of basic aspects
of the binary system (BS) by primary level education pupils. This design was based on modern social and constructivist theories
of learning, in combination with basic game design principles. Pupils are asked to play against the computer with cards featuring
Binary Numbers (BNs). To engage successfully with the game, pupils are provided with opportunities to review their previous
knowledge of the decimal system and, subsequently, to use analogical reasoning to make connections between this knowledge
and basic aspects of the BS. Several scaffolding elements are also provided for the pupils to construct, verify, extend and
generalize their knowledge, at the same time using essential learning competencies. The game was piloted in the field using
real pupils (20 6th Grade pupils) with encouraging results. Finally, an attempt has been made to address essential points
of this game that have contributed to its becoming a successful learning environment. Addressing these points could be useful
for both designers of educational computer games for Computer Science (CS) education and educators in Computing. 相似文献
11.
Evidence of the value of constructivist theory in the classroom is especially important for educational practice in areas of poverty and social challenge. Research was undertaken in 2010 into the application of constructivist theory on instructional design. The findings of this research are particularly relevant to the current curricular crisis in South Africa which threatens to side-line constructivist priorities and return learners to rote learning from textbooks. The findings are situated here within the national debate over curricular design and instructional models. Placing instructional design within the larger context of national pedagogical contestation provides important evidence of the central role of Freirean imperatives for South Africa’s educational future. This article indicates that a constructivist framework, when pertinently arranged, provides holistic and sustainable procedures for knowledge creation. The findings from the research project showed that, in an environment conducive to learning, learners become self-motivated and better able to master the next phase of the curriculum. As a result of the constructivist framing, participants grew into strategic and effective learners who took responsibility for their own learning. These findings add weight to the call for reconsideration of constructivist foundations in national curriculum design. 相似文献
12.
This study examines the effectiveness of a new constructivist curriculum model (Powerful Ideas in Physical Science) in improving prospective teachers’ understanding of science concepts, in fostering a learning environment supporting conceptual understanding, and in promoting positive attitudes toward learning and teaching science and chemistry in particular. A non‐equivalent pretest–post‐test control‐group design was employed. Analysis of covariance and repeated‐measures analyses of variance were performed to analyze the scores on concept tests and attitude surveys. Data from videotaped observations of laboratory sessions and interviews of prospective teachers were analyzed by employing a naturalistic inquiry method to provide insights into the process of science learning and teaching for the teacher trainees. The interpretations were made based on the findings that could be corroborated by both methodologies. Conclusions and limitations of the present study as well as recommendations for future implementation of constructivist science curriculum in general are also included. 相似文献
13.
《International Journal of Educational Research》1999,31(5):357-442
This research monograph examines the potential of constructivist learning environments for developing prerequisites of expert knowledge during university studies. Drawing on recent theories of the development of expert knowledge and on the constructivist view of learning, an experiment was conducted in an educational psychology course. The primary purpose of the study was to compare the learning outcomes of students who studied the course material in a constructivist learning environment with those of students who learned it under traditional teaching and studying conditions. Students in the constructivist learning environment acquired more diversified knowledge. In addition, a theory will be presented about what actually changes when conceptual change occurs. 相似文献
14.
《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(4):501-505
This paper presents the results of a long-term project which compared primary school student-teachers' theories on teaching with their actual teaching, investigated the factors underlying the revealed discrepancy and tried to explain it. The results indicated that although student-teachers' educational views shifted in their final year of study towards a child-centred and constructivist view of teaching, this was not implemented in their actual teaching. Analysis of videotaped lessons and interviews with student-teachers revealed some grave misconceptions about teaching and learning. The paper argues that these misconceptions were the principal factor underlying the mismatch that was identified between student-teachers' theories on teaching and their actual teaching. The hypothesis is also put forth that these misconceptions are likely the result of deeply embedded cultural values through which student-teachers' understanding of the new pedagogical approaches is mediated. 相似文献
15.
《International Journal of Educational Research》1997,27(4):311-320
This is one of a series of studies conducted by a high school physics teacher, who used constructivist referents to plan and enact the curriculum, and to understand and improve the learning environment in his physics classes. Data were collected in the course of a two-year physics course including (a) repeated administrations of a classroom learning environment survey, (b) written essays on the topics of knowing, learning, and classroom learning environment, and (c) interviews. While there was a general trend for students to adopt more constructivist views of knowing and learning, there was also a small number who resisted to adapt to the constructivist learning environment in their physics course. Two case studies of individual students are used to illustrate the interactions of the learning environment, student understanding of scientific knowledge, and the nature of science, and students' views of their own learning. 相似文献
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任务驱动教学法是一种建立在建构主义教学理论基础上的教学方法。本文结合具体教学案例。在实际教学及应用的基础上,分析和比较基于知识点的教学模式与基于任务的教学模式的差异上,探索在《计算机应用基础》课程教学中采用任务驱动的教学模式,以适应高职高专的教学改革。 相似文献
18.
社会建构主义教学观及其对我国课程改革的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
社会建构主义教学观认为，个体获得知识不仅是个人建构的过程，也是内在的社会化过程，文化活动和语言活动等社会因素影响个体的学习。社会建构主义教学观有两种代表观点：皮亚杰的社会认知冲突理论和维果斯基的社会文化理论。社会建构主义从课堂教学、同伴间相互作用以及言语角度分析知识建构过程；在当代课程改革的实际应用方面，包括合作学习与交互式教学、情境性教学、跨学科学习、教育评估和教育改革。这种教学观在理论、实践和方法论上影响了未来的教育发展方向。 相似文献
19.
Maher Z. Hashweh 《Research in Science Education》1996,26(1):89-102
The purpose of the study was to determine what percentage of Palestinian science teachers held beliefs about knowledge and
learning that are congruent with the recent constructivist/conceptual change epistemological basis of science education, what
factors influence these beliefs, and if the beliefs about knowledge and learning were related. Two questionnaires were developed
to probe teachers' beliefs in these two areas, and a sample consisting of 91 teachers with varying educational background
and teaching levels responded to these questionnaires. The study showed that only a small percentage of Palestinian teachers
subscribed to the recent views of learning and scientific knowledge (25% and nine percent respectively). With regard to the
views of learning, this was mainly due to very few teachers believing or realising that students hold alternative preconceptions
and that science learning entails conceptual change. Very few teachers also believed that science itself develops through
conceptual change. Indeed, more than 80% believed that science develops through accretion and about 40% preferred the inductive
model of science to the hypothetico-deductive one which only 11% preferred. It was found that these views were not related
to the teachers' years of schooling, years of experience, level at which they taught, or teacher specialisation. The two views
of learning and knowledge were moderately related. The results and implications for future studies are discussed. 相似文献
20.
A constructivist framework was used in conjunction with an interpretive methodology to investigate the effect of an intervention using the metaphor “learning is constructing” on students' metacognition and learning processes. The metaphor was used to communicate with students regarding learning processes consistent with constructivism. Students were initially found to be generally non‐metacognitive regarding their learning processes. Despite some students possessing metacognitive knowledge consistent with a constructivist learning orientation, their pre‐intervention views and preferences in relation to teaching and learning were predominantly consistent with transmission models. The effect of the intervention on students' metacognition was variable. Some students became increasingly metacognitive and reported evidence of revision of their learning processes. Others reported little or no effect. The effects of the intervention can be partially explained by considering changes to students' metacognition as conceptual change. However, this study also shows that contextual factors are key determinants of students' propensity to enhance their metacognition and learning processes. This study highlights the potential of using metaphor as a means to assist teachers and students develop a shared language of learning in classroom settings. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 222–259, 2001 相似文献