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1.
In Korea, the effort to include students with disabilities in the educational accountability system has just begun. This paper reviews how Korean students with disabilities have been tested using the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA) and what issues have emerged as a result of the testing. Analysis of the 2009 and 2010 NAEA data reveals that only a small proportion of students with disabilities participated in these tests and that those who did participate showed low academic achievement compared with general education students. In addition, even though alternate assessments are conducted by special education teachers to assess the academic performance of students with disabilities, national academic assessments in Korea do not include a system for alternate assessment. Based on findings of the analysis, several suggestions are made for improvement in Korea??s educational accountability system for students with disabilities. 相似文献
2.
This comparative study examines success and efficiency rates for Education, Health and Care (EHC) needs assessments in England when requested by families or education professionals. England is the only nation in the UK with EHC needs assessments. These are requested from the Local Authority (LA) if the school’s ordinarily-available provision is insufficient for individuals to make expected progress. Policy states that needs assessments should include parents, pupils and professionals in all decision making (coproduction). After a needs assessment, the LA may issue an EHC plan. This study considers whether the outcome of a needs assessment (issuing an EHC plan) is independent of the source of the request. Statistical analysis compared outcomes of needs assessments requested by families and education professionals. Analysis of publicly-available datasets and policy provided further context. Findings included: (i) a need for further research to explore inconsistencies in outcomes of needs assessments across England; (ii) LAs efficient at issuing EHC plans were consistently efficient for requests from education professionals and families; (iii) a potential discrepancy between families’ perceived level of involvement and the reality: a ‘coproduction illusion’. It is proposed that policy and guidance in England requires revision to ensure consistent use of language, roles, and responsibilities. 相似文献
3.
Informing in the Information Age: How to Communicate Measurement Concepts to Education Policy Makers
Current educational policies rely on educational assessments. However, the technical aspects of assessments are often unknown to policy makers, which is dangerous because sound assessment policy requires knowledge of the strengths and limitations of educational tests. In this article, we discuss the importance of informing policy makers of important psychometric issues that should be considered whenever tests are proposed for specific purposes. We discuss the types of information that are important to communicate to policy makers, how to best convey this information in a manner in which it can be understood, and how to be seen as a valuable source of information to education policy makers. We end with some specific steps organizations such as NCME can take to inform policy makers and advocate for valid educational assessment policies. 相似文献
4.
This article examines three typical approaches to alternate assessment for students with significant cognitive disabilities—portfolios, performance assessments, and rating scales. A detailed analysis of common and unique design features of these approaches is provided, including features of each approach that influence the psychometric quality of their results. Validity imperatives for alternate assessments are reviewed, and approaches for addressing the need for validity evidence are outlined. The article concludes with an examination of three technical challenges—alignment, scores and scoring, and standard setting—common to all alternate assessments. In light of these challenges, existing methods and professional testing standards are endorsed as necessary guidance for understanding and advancing alternate assessment practices. 相似文献
5.
Kyle L. Snow 《Early education and development》2006,17(1):7-41
Recent interest and investment in early childhood education as a means of promoting children's school readiness has prompted the need for clear definitions of school readiness. Traditionally school readiness has been viewed within a maturationist frame, based on a chronological set-point, which led to the emergence of readiness testing. Following a brief review of this literature, this article provides an overview of the conceptual and practical considerations that must be given to such a definition. Among conceptual concerns are the lack of agreement about the key components of school readiness and theoretical models to connect them. Also of concern is the need to consider multiple purposes of assessment, and the appropriate use of assessments. Practical considerations include the need to incorporate multiple stakeholders' views in a definition, the availability of adequate measurement tools and how resultant data can be used. The article closes with a discussion of possible future directions by laying out a series of assumptions about the nature of school readiness. 相似文献
6.
Anders Jonsson Liesbeth K. J. Baartman Sven A. Lennung 《Learning Environments Research》2009,12(3):225-241
Professional schools prepare students to become competent professionals. Consequently, there is a need for assessments that
can determine the acquisition of the relevant professional competencies. Although using performance assessment to replace
traditional paper-and-pencil tests might provide one way to move forward, the use of performance assessments for summative
purposes has been shown to be problematic (e.g. marker consistency and construct representation). With the aid of a comprehensive
framework of quality criteria for competence assessments, this article considers if one particular existing competence assessment
methodology is suitable for summative as well as formative use. It is argued that the comprehensive quality estimation of
the examination procedure aids in identifying strengths and weaknesses in the assessment methodology, and that this information
can be used to facilitate the inclusion of performance assessment in higher education, both for summative and formative use. 相似文献
7.
Michael C. Rodriguez 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(4):595-602
Because of the unique nature of the students eligible for alternate assessments based on modified academic achievement standards, their varied access to the general education curriculum, and their unique learning needs, innovative psychometric thinking and practice is needed to assure high technical quality of alternate assessments. Indeed, we at least must marshal state-of-the-art procedures to secure strong psychometric evidence to support appropriate and meaningful design and use of these important assessments. The authors contributing work to this special issue, Alternate Assessments Based on Modified Academic Achievement Standards, address important issues and provide guidance to policymakers, test developers, and educators. They also each raise important technical quality issues. This article offers a brief review of such psychometric considerations, in light of the work and comments of the special issue authors. 相似文献
8.
From a sociocultural perspective, I discuss data from a Swedish science classroom presented in María Gómez’s article “Student Explanations of their Science Teachers’ Assessments, Grading Practices, and How they learn Science”. In this discussion, I focus on the need to change existing conceptions of assessment in the teaching and learning of science. Next, I talk about the importance of taking into consideration the dialectic between agency and passivity as filters in order to understand what student silence may signify in science classes as well as in relation to their perceptions of assessment. I conclude with the importance of the teacher’s role in developing formative assessment, along with the challenges in developing assessments which transform science education into a relevant field of knowledge for both students and society at large. 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2013,36(4):385-398
ABSTRACTTouch screen tablets are being increasingly used in schools for learning and assessment. However, the validity and reliability of assessments delivered via tablets are largely unknown. The present study tested the psychometric properties of a tablet-based app designed to measure early literacy skills. Tablet-based tests were also compared with traditional paper-based tests. Children aged 2–6 years (N?=?99) completed receptive tests delivered via a tablet for letter, word, and numeral skills. The same skills were tested with a traditional paper-based test that used an expressive response format. Children (n?=?35) were post-tested 8 weeks later to examine the stability of test scores over time. The tablet test scores showed high internal consistency (all α’s?>?.94), acceptable test-retest reliability (ICC range?=?.39–.89), and were correlated with child age, family SES, and home literacy teaching to indicate good predictive validity. The agreement between scores for the tablet and traditional tests was high (ICC range?=?.81–.94). The tablet tests provides valid and reliable measures of children’s early literacy skills. The strong psychometric properties and ease of use suggests that tablet-based tests of literacy skills have the potential to improve assessment practices for research purposes and classroom use. 相似文献
10.
Benjamin J. Lovett 《Educational Measurement》2023,42(1):112-113
Students with disabilities often take tests under different conditions than their peers do. Testing accommodations, which involve changes to test administration that maintain test content, include extending time limits, presenting written text through auditory means, and taking a test in a private room with fewer distractions. For some students with disabilities, accommodations such as these are necessary for fair assessment; without accommodations, invalid interpretations would be made on the basis of these students’ scores. However, when misapplied, accommodations can also diminish fairness, introduce new sources of construct-irrelevant variance, and also lead to invalid interpretation of test scores. This module provides a psychometric framework for thinking about accommodations, and then explicates an accommodations decision-making framework that includes a variety of considerations. Problems with current accommodations practices are discussed, along with potential solutions and future directions. The module is accompanied by exercises allowing participants to apply their understanding. 相似文献
11.
Research on classroom assessment has tended to focus on standardized tests and has paid minimal attention to teacher-developed assessments. As a result, we have a narrow understanding of the classroom assessment environment. This study was designed to broaden that understanding by exploring the nature and quality of teacher-developed assessment. Teachers from a range of grades, subjects, and school districts described their patterns of test use, concerns about assessment, and use of performance assessment by completing an extensive questionnaire. When responses are summarized across teachers, the results suggest that the foundation and structure of classroom assessment consists primarily of teacher-developed assessments, with performance assessment serving as one of the key assessment tools. Teachers are concerned about assessment and know that improvement may be needed, but they will need help to bring about necessary changes. Action plans are suggested for enhancing the quality of teacher-developed tests. 相似文献
12.
Yoon Jeon Kim Mariah A. Knowles Jennifer Scianna Grace Lin José A. Ruipérez-Valiente 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2023,54(1):355-372
Game-based assessment (GBA), a specific application of games for learning, has been recognized as an alternative form of assessment. While there is a substantive body of literature that supports the educational benefits of GBA, limited work investigates the validity and generalizability of such systems. In this paper, we describe applications of learning analytics methods to provide evidence for psychometric qualities of a digital GBA called Shadowspect, particularly to what extent Shadowspect is a robust assessment tool for middle school students' spatial reasoning skills. Our findings indicate that Shadowspect is a valid assessment for spatial reasoning skills, and it has comparable precision for both male and female students. In addition, students' enjoyment of the game is positively related to their overall competency as measured by the game regardless of the level of their existing spatial reasoning skills.
Practitioner notes
What is already known about this topic:- Digital games can be a powerful context to support and assess student learning.
- Games as assessments need to meet certain psychometric qualities such as validity and generalizability.
- Learning analytics provide useful ways to establish assessment models for educational games, as well as to investigate their psychometric qualities.
- How a digital game can be coupled with learning analytics practices to assess spatial reasoning skills.
- How to evaluate psychometric qualities of game-based assessment using learning analytics techniques.
- Investigation of validity and generalizability of game-based assessment for spatial reasoning skills and the interplay of the game-based assessment with enjoyment.
- Game-based assessments that incorporate learning analytics can be used as an alternative to pencil-and-paper tests to measure cognitive skills such as spatial reasoning.
- More training and assessment of spatial reasoning embedded in games can motivate students who might not be on the STEM tracks, thus broadening participation in STEM.
- Game-based learning and assessment researchers should consider possible factors that affect how certain populations of students enjoy educational games, so it does not further marginalize specific student populations.
13.
To improve student science achievement in the United States we need inquiry-based instruction that promotes coherent understanding and assessments that are aligned with the instruction. Instead, current textbooks often offer fragmented ideas and most assessments only tap recall of details. In this study we implemented 10 inquiry-based science units that promote knowledge integration and developed assessments that measure student knowledge integration abilities. To measure student learning outcomes, we designed a science assessment consisting of both proximal items that are related to the units and distal items that are published from standardized tests (e.g., Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study). We compared the psychometric properties and instructional sensitivity of the proximal and distal items. To unveil the context of learning, we examined how student, class, and teacher characteristics affect student inquiry science learning. Several teacher-level characteristics including professional development showed a positive impact on science performance. 相似文献
14.
第三代教学评价理论--交往-发展性教学评价研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
田汉族 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2002,1(3):21-27
现有的教学评价模式是以主客二元对立思维为基础，以知识获得为主要目的的，已不适应网络化社会、终身教育和教育改革深化的需要，交往-发展性教学评价是在批判传统教学评价的基础上形成的一种新的评价制度和评价思想，它确立了绩效、职责、素质、关系四个标准，科学性、教育性、艺术性、关系性、绩效性五类指标。这种评价以人文精神为导向，有利于师生的自我教育和终身教育，改善评价者和被评价者关系，有利于反映交往教学的整体状况和个性特色，是一种促进教育改革深化的新的评价模式。 相似文献
15.
Outcomes assessment and its role in self-reviews of undergraduate education: in the context of Japanese higher education reforms since the 1990s 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Takeshi Kushimoto 《Higher Education》2010,59(5):589-598
Under the recent state of higher education, “Outcomes Assessment” has become a familiar term in Japan as in other nations
all over the world. However, actual conditions of outcomes assessment and its contribution toward educational improvement
are not always obvious. Thus, this article attempts to clarify: (1) Japanese higher education reforms since the 1990s focusing
on assessment and evaluation; (2) the influence of reforms on outcomes assessment implemented by higher education institutions;
(3) how much the results of outcomes assessment are used in self-reviews of undergraduate education; and (4) whether application
of outcomes assessment contribute to educational improvement. The results of national survey conducted in Japan reveal that
assessments are clearly being carried out, but may not have been supporting the improvement of education. 相似文献
16.
W. James Popham 《The Teacher Educator》2013,48(4):265-273
This article presents reflections and guidance concerning assessment literacy in teacher education. Previous inadequacies in teacher training in educational assessment highlight the need for teachers to be assessment literate. Assessment literacy consists of an individual's understanding of the fundamental assessment concepts and procedures deemed likely to influence educational decisions. Due to the current focus on accountability assessments, it is in teachers' best interest, and also the students', that teachers develop a level of understanding in assessment. Assessment, when used appropriately, is also a powerful tool for learning. What is needed to facilitate assessment literacy in teacher education is more than a brief mention of assessment in a course. A course in assessment with an appropriate text is necessary to bring a more complete understanding of assessment to beginning teachers. 相似文献
17.
The development and use of assessment systems to measure the performance and progress of teacher candidates and inform the continuous improvement of teacher education programs has been a longstanding priority in teacher education for the past 30 years. Teacher educators in the School of Education at a small public midwestern university revised and improved their assessment system by developing seven Embedded Signature Assessments (ESAs). ESAs are formative performance assessments that are implemented in professional education courses to measure a teacher candidate’s performance prior to student teaching and readiness for student teaching. This article describes the development and implementation of ESAs at one university, with attention to the benefits and challenges. 相似文献
18.
University assessment is in the midst of transformation. Assessments are no longer designed solely to determine that students can remember and regurgitate lecture content, nor in order to rank students to aid with some future selection process. Instead, assessments are expected to drive, support, and enhance learning and to contribute to student self-assessment and development of skills and attributes for a lifetime of learning. While traditional purposes of certifying achievement and determining readiness to progress remain important, these new expectations for assessment can create tensions in assessment design, selection, and deployment. With the recognition of these tensions, three contemporary approaches to assessment in medical education are described. These approaches include careful consideration of the educational impact of assessment—before, during (test or recall enhanced learning) and after assessments; development of student (and staff) assessment literacy; and planning of cohesive systems of assessment (with a range of assessment tools) designed to assess the various competencies demanded of future graduates. These approaches purposefully straddle the cross purposes of assessment in modern health professions education. The implications of these models are explored within the context of medical education and then linked with contemporary work in the anatomical sciences in order to highlight current synergies and potential future innovations when using evidence-informed strategies to boost the educational impact of assessments. 相似文献
19.
Using a framework of assessment literacy that included principles, tools, and purposes, this study explored the assessment literacy of 11 secondary preservice teachers. Participants?? journals, teaching philosophies, and inquiry-based science units served as data sources. We examined how the preservice teachers understood assessment tools as well as their reasons for using assessment. Additionally, we investigated how the preservice teachers incorporated assessments into inquiry-based science units. Analysis of these documents indicated that preservice teachers recognize the need to align assessments with learning goals and instructional strategies and are using a variety of assessments. They understood several ways to use assessment for learning. However, the inclusion of assessments contained within the science units did not fully align with the views of assessment the preservice teachers presented in their teaching philosophies or journals. Instead of using a variety of assessments that reflect science reforms, the preservice teachers reverted to traditional forms of assessment in their science units. Teacher education programs need to place more emphasis on developing preservice teachers?? assessment literacy so that they are better able to select and implement a variety of appropriate assessments to foster student learning. 相似文献
20.
Liesbeth Baartman Judith Gulikers Asha Dijkstra 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2013,38(8):978-997
The development of assessments that are fit to assess professional competence in higher vocational education requires a reconsideration of assessment methods, quality criteria and (self)evaluation. This article examines the self-evaluations of nine courses of a large higher vocational education institute. Per course, 4–11 teachers and 3–10 students participated. The purpose of this article is to critically examine the quality of assessment in higher vocational education, to identify critical factors influencing assessment quality and to study whether self-evaluation leads to concrete points for improvement. Results show that strong points are fitness for purpose, comparability and fairness. Weak points are reproducibility of decisions and development of self-regulated learning. Critical factors are the translation of competences into assessment criteria to be used in daily lessons and the involvement of the work field. The self-evaluations generated many points for improvement, but not all were translated into actions. Altogether, this article provides a rich picture of assessment quality in higher education and identifies quality aspects that need improvement, (partly) confirming other research on current assessment methods. 相似文献