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David W. Chan 《教育心理学》2010,30(2):139-153
This study assessed the dispositional gratitude and its relationships with orientations to happiness and burnout in a sample of 96 Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong and investigated the effectiveness of an eight‐week gratitude intervention programme using a pre‐test/post‐test design with outcome measures of subjective well‐being in the same sample of teachers. The results indicated that the dispositional gratitude of teachers correlated substantially and positively with a meaningful life orientation to happiness and with personal accomplishment, and correlated substantially and negatively with the two negative components of burnout: emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. The effects of the gratitude intervention were evident in the increase in scores on satisfaction with life and on positive affect, especially for teachers in the low‐gratitude group. Implications of the findings on the relationships between gratitude and burnout and the effectiveness of gratitude intervention for teachers of different levels of dispositional gratitude are discussed. 相似文献
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教育是心灵的事业,教师应当是一个幸福的职业。但审视现实,教师的职业压力日益增大,教师的职业倦怠也在悄然地蔓延,幸福似乎正在远离教师的职业生活。教育幸福是教师职业的幸福不同于其他职业幸福的特殊性。教师的积极心理品质影响教师的教书育人效果、教师自身的身心健康以及教师的专业发展,教师的积极心理品质是教师职业幸福感的基石。培养和发展教师的积极心理品质,是有效缓解教师职业压力,减少教师身心健康问题,提升教师职业幸福感的重要途径。 相似文献
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Lisa Flook Simon B. Goldberg Laura Pinger Katherine Bonus Richard J. Davidson 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2013,7(3):182-195
Despite the crucial role of teachers in fostering children's academic learning and social–emotional well‐being, addressing teacher stress in the classroom remains a significant challenge in education. This study reports results from a randomized controlled pilot trial of a modified Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction course (mMBSR) adapted specifically for teachers. Results suggest that the course may be a promising intervention, with participants showing significant reductions in psychological symptoms and burnout, improvements in observer‐rated classroom organization and performance on a computer task of affective attentional bias, and increases in self‐compassion. In contrast, control group participants showed declines in cortisol functioning over time and marginally significant increases in burnout. Furthermore, changes in mindfulness were correlated in the expected direction with changes across several outcomes (psychological symptoms, burnout, and sustained attention) in the intervention group. Implications of these findings for the training and support of teachers are discussed. 相似文献
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教师身份是以教学职业为核心,关于教师如何认识自身工作和在社会中所处地位的认识框架。教师的情感在其身份发展中扮演了重要角色。运用教育叙事探究的方法,笔者对三位在美任教中国教师的教学和生活经历进行了探究,并建构了三种情感对教师身份发展影响的叙事,分别是沮丧感、受压迫感以及恐惧感。沮丧感的产生在于公司化经营的学校将教师视为职业化的符号,使个人的人性与情感被忽略。而情感在教师自我反思和自我评价中扮演了重要角色。受压迫感是激发教师能动性的重要因素。当教师因为遭受不公正待遇而产生被压迫感时,他们开始审视个人与学校环境的关系,并据此作出改变,成为能动性主体。恐惧感直接来源于教师缺乏对于新文化环境的充分了解,它也同时关系到教师是否愿意承担教学主导的角色。本研究讨论了情感的能动作用,学校或教育机构对教师情感缺乏支持的问题,以及叙事如何作为教师建构身份的一个重要途径,以帮助教师检视自身的情感体验。 相似文献
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David W. Chan 《教育心理学》2009,29(2):139-151
This study investigated three orientations to happiness and their relationships with subjective well‐being in a sample of 228 Chinese prospective and in‐service teachers in Hong Kong. Confirmatory item factor analyses supported a three‐dimensional model that included constructs represented by a life of meaning, a life of pleasure, and a life of engagement. These three orientations, especially the meaningful life and the engaged life were found to predict life satisfaction and positive emotions as two components of subjective well‐being. Implications of the findings on the relationships between orientations and subjective well‐being for helping teachers to promote a more satisfying life to combat against teacher burnout are discussed. 相似文献
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特殊教育教师教学效能对心理健康与职业倦怠的中介作用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究选取哈尔滨市、齐齐哈尔市以及周边地区157名特殊教育小学校教师为被试,对特殊教育教师的教学效能为教师心理健康与职业倦怠间的中介变量进行实证验证。研究结果证实,教学效能为心理健康与职业倦怠的完全中介变量,教学效能对于保障教师身心健康,有效阻隔职业倦怠困扰具有重大作用。 相似文献
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Ulla Kinnunen Terttu Parkatti Anne Rasku 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3-4):315-332
This article presents an examination of occupational well‐being among teachers in Finland who are over 45‐years of age (n = 1012). Occupational well‐being was described by affective (job anxiety and depression, burnout), behavioral (job competence and aspiration) and health (psychosomatic Symptoms and work ability) components. The structure of well‐being turned out to be two‐dimensional, consisting of affect‐health and behavior dimensions. The level of well‐being among aging teachers was quite high, although 36% of the teachers had Problems of well‐being related to both ajfect‐health and behavior. However, according to the work ability index, only 4% of the 45‐49‐year‐old and 12% of the 55‐59‐year‐old teachers were classified as having poor work ability. Of the demographic variables examined (sex, age, subject and teaching level) the most Variation in occupational well‐being was produced by subject and teaching level. The level of well‐being was lowest among vocational subject teachers in vocational schools and highest among Special dass teachers in comprehensive schools. Attention should thus be directed to the work Situation of vocational teachers, in particular. 相似文献
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H.B. Long 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(4):331-336
The present study was designed to ascertain the effect of a sabbatical year on teachers’ professional identity, feelings of job burnout and intentions to leave either their workplace or the profession. The sample was drawn from those members of the Israel primary school teacher population who were eligible to be on a sabbatical during the 1991‐92 school year. The subjects filled out survey questionnaires before and after taking their sabbaticals. The findings indicate that a sabbatical in conjunction with a professional training programme had great impact on strengthening the teachers’ professional image, and reducing their feelings of job burnout and intentions to leave their workplace or profession. 相似文献
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What teaching practices foster inquiry and promote students to learn challenging subject matter in urban schools? Inquiry‐based instruction and successful inquiry learning and teaching in project‐based science (PBS) were described in previous studies (Brown & Campione, 1990 ; Crawford, 1999 ; Krajcik, Blumenfeld, Marx, Bass, & Fredricks, 1998 ; Krajcik, Blumenfeld, Marx, & Solloway, 1994 ; Minstrell & van Zee, 2000 ). In this article, we describe the characteristics of inquiry teaching practices that promote student learning in urban schools. Teaching is a major factor that affects both achievement of and attitude of students toward science (Tamir, 1998 ). Our involvement in reform in a large urban district includes the development of suitable learning materials and providing continuous and practiced‐based professional development (Fishman & Davis, in press; van Es, Reiser, Matese, & Gomez, 2002 ). Urban schools face particular challenges when enacting inquiry‐based teaching practices like those espoused in PBS. In this article, we describe two case studies of urban teachers whose students achieved high gains on pre‐ and posttests and who demonstrated a great deal of preparedness and commitment to their students. Teachers' attempts to help their students to perform well are described and analyzed. The teachers we discuss work in a school district that strives to bring about reform in mathematics and science through systemic reform. The Center for Learning Technologies in Urban Schools (LeTUS) collaborates with the Detroit Public Schools to bring about reform in middle‐school science. Through this collaboration, diverse populations of urban‐school students learn science through inquiry‐oriented projects and the use of various educational learning technologies. For inquiry‐based science to succeed in urban schools, teachers must play an important role in enacting the curriculum while addressing the unique needs of students. The aim of this article is to describe patterns of good science teaching in urban school. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 43: 722–745, 2006 相似文献
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Lisette Uiterwijk-Luijk Meta Krüger Bonne Zijlstra Monique Volman 《Educational studies》2017,43(2):147-164
Inquiry-based working by teachers includes working with an inquiry habit of mind, being data literate, contributing to a culture of inquiry at the school level, and creating a culture of inquiry at the classroom level. Inquiry-based working has been found to contribute to educational improvements and the professionalisation of teachers. This study investigates the relationship between psychological factors – attitude, experienced social pressure, self-efficacy and collective efficacy – and inquiry-based working by teachers. Questionnaire data were collected from a representative sample of 249 Dutch teachers. The results show a significant relationship between self-efficacy and all aspects of inquiry-based working. In addition, collective efficacy, attitude and experienced social pressure are all related to aspects of inquiry-based working. School leaders and teacher educators who aim to stimulate inquiry-based working should not only focus on increasing teachers’ inquiry skills, but also on psychological factors related to inquiry-based working. 相似文献
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浅析当前中专教师职业倦怠的表现及成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对中专学校教师职业倦怠的种类、表现及影响进行探讨,并从社会与教育、职业与学校、教师与学生等三个层面对中专教师的职业倦怠现状及成因进行初步分析。 相似文献
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This two‐year school‐wide initiative to improve teachers’ pedagogical skills in inquiry‐based science instruction using a constructivist sociocultural professional development model involved 30 elementary teachers from one school, three university faculty, and two central office content supervisors. Research was conducted for investigating the impact of the professional development activities on teachers’ practices, documenting changes in their philosophies, instruction, and the learning environment. This report includes teachers’ accounts of philosophical as well as instructional changes and how these changes shaped the learning environment. For the teachers in this study, examining their teaching practices in learner‐centered collaborative group settings encouraged them to critically analyze their instructional practices, challenging their preconceived ideas on inquiry‐based strategies. Additionally, other factors affecting teachers’ understanding and use of inquiry‐based strategies were highlighted, such as self‐efficacy beliefs, prior experiences as students in science classrooms, teacher preparation programs, and expectations due to federal, state, and local mandates. These factors were discussed and reconciled, as they constructed new understandings and adapted their strategies to become more student‐centered and inquiry‐based. 相似文献
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Masoud Mahmoodi-Shahrebabaki 《Teachers and Teaching》2017,23(1):91-105
The results of a substantial body of research affirm that the number of teachers leaving their jobs is on the increase and the evidence is strong that the most credible explanation for the attrition is the emotional nature of the profession. The present study aimed to explore the intervening effect of EFL teachers’ anxiety on the correlations between their perfectionism and burnout levels. The participants were 276 Iranian EFL teachers. The data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that, compared to other dimensions of burnout, depersonalization was more significantly affected by both direct and indirect effects of perfectionism. Moreover, the statistically insignificant direct associations between perfectionism and emotional exhaustion became significant due to the intervening impact of anxiety. The results of mediation analysis also confirmed the mediator role of anxiety. The results corroborate prior researches and offer illuminating insights into the mental health of teachers. 相似文献
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Teaching aquatic science as inquiry through professional development: Teacher characteristics and student outcomes 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kanesa Duncan Seraphin George M. Harrison Joanna Philippoff Paul R. Brandon Thanh Truc T. Nguyen Brian E. Lawton Lisa M. Vallin 《科学教学研究杂志》2017,54(9):1219-1245
We present an inquiry‐based, aquatic science professional development (PD) for upper‐elementary, middle, and high school teachers and examine changes in student outcomes in light of participating teachers’ characteristics and the grade band of the students. Our study lends support to the assertion that inquiry‐ and content‐focused PD, paired with classroom implementation, can effectively improve student learning. Our findings indicate that students improved in their nature of science (NOS) and aquatic science content knowledge and that these changes depended in some ways on the participating teachers’ characteristics and adherence to the program. The students’ improvements were amplified when their teachers adhered more closely to the PD activities during their classroom implementation. The teachers’ previous science PD experience and pre‐PD understanding of inquiry‐based teaching also explained some of the variability in student growth. In both NOS and content, students of teachers with less prior science‐PD experience benefited more. Grade band also explained variation in student outcomes through interactions with teacher‐characteristic variables. In high school, students of teachers with lower pre‐PD inquiry knowledge appeared to learn more about NOS. Our results suggest that inquiry and content training through PD may minimize disparities in teaching due to inexperience and lack of expertise. Our study also demonstrates the value of PD that teaches a flexible approach to inquiry and focuses on underrepresented, interdisciplinary content areas, like aquatic science. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 54:1219–1245, 2017 相似文献
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Fernando Doménech Betoret 《教育心理学》2009,29(1):45-68
This study examines the relationship between school resources, teacher self‐efficacy, potential multi‐level stressors and teacher burnout using structural equation modelling. The causal structure for primary and secondary school teachers was also examined. The sample was composed of 724 primary and secondary Spanish school teachers. The changes occurring in the Spanish teacher role in the last decade were taken into account to select job stressors. The results obtained revealed that external (school support resources) and internal (management classroom self‐efficacy and instructional self‐efficacy) coping resources have a negative and significant effect on job stressors. In turn, job stressors have a positive and significant effect on teachers’ burnout considering it as both a unidimensional and multidimensional construct. Furthermore, the hypothesised structure of burnout dimensions revealed that emotional exhaustion plays a key role in explaining Spanish school teachers’ burnout. Practical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
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近年来的研究显示,中国教师的心理健康状况令人堪忧,主要表现为社会适应不良,人际关系障碍,个体身心疾病或人格缺陷以及职业倦怠等。目前,传统的“诊治式”的教师心理健康应对策略“治标不治本”,缺乏心理健康教育的预防性和发展性。要解决教师的心理健康问题,根本出路在于积极心理健康教育。具体说来,可通过增进主观幸福感、开发心理潜能、增进自我效能感等途径,促进教师自身的积极因素和潜能的开发,克服职业倦怠,并由此带动学生积极、健康心理的形成,实现师生积极心理健康教育的“双发展”。 相似文献
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Curriculum materials are crucial tools with which teachers engage students in science as inquiry. In order to use curriculum materials effectively, however, teachers must develop a robust capacity for pedagogical design, or the ability to mobilize a variety of personal and curricular resources to promote student learning. The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the ways in which preservice elementary teachers mobilize and adapt existing science curriculum materials to plan inquiry‐oriented science lessons. Using quantitative methods, we investigated preservice teachers' curriculum design decision‐making and how their decisions influenced the inquiry orientations of their planned science lessons. Findings indicate that preservice elementary teachers were able to accurately assess how inquiry‐based existing curriculum materials are and to adapt them to make them more inquiry‐based. However, the inquiry orientations of their planned lessons were in large part determined by how inquiry‐oriented curriculum materials they used to plan their lessons were to begin with. These findings have important implications for the design of teacher education experiences that foster preservice elementary teachers' pedagogical design capacities for inquiry, as well as the development of inquiry‐based science curriculum materials that support preservice and beginning elementary teachers to engage in effective science teaching practice. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47:820–839, 2010 相似文献