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1.
广西合浦县烟墩岭火山是一座第四纪小型中心式喷发的火山,是我国华南火山在第四纪喷发活动的代表之一.烟墩岭火山岩岩性为粗面玄武岩,Mg#值（59～69）中等偏高,而钛和碱质成分相对较高.烟墩岭火山岩及周边的烟头岭样品的稀土含量较为稳定,配分型式极其相似,几乎一样,REE丰度模式呈稍陡的向HREE倾斜的轻稀土富集型.它们的微量元素原始地幔配分型式也很相似,暗示有共同的岩浆源区.烟墩岭火山岩的Ba/Nb比值变化范围远小于琼北和涠洲岛玄武岩,而La/Nb比值三者相近,都是低而稳定,与洋岛玄武岩数值接近,不相容元素Nb/U-Th图解也说明烟墩岭火山岩来自于类似于洋岛玄武岩的地幔源区.岩石学和地球化学化学证据都表明,烟墩岭地区火山岩虽不是原生地幔玄武岩浆的喷出物,但只经过低程度演化,未受到强烈的结晶分异的影响,也未受到地壳的混染.其^87 Sr/^86 Sr和^143 Nd/^144 Nd数据变化范围很小,具有低Sr同位素比值和高Nd同位素比值的特点.本文采用火山岩K-Ar法测定了烟墩岭火山活动的时代,结合火山岩地质特征和前人资料,火山活动时代确定为第四纪早更新世,与北部湾涠洲岛早期火山活动及琼北早更新世多文岭期火山活动时代大致相当. 相似文献
2.
闽东南的海边斜闪煌斑岩脉和赤湖辉长岩脉分别形成于晚白垩世和古新世,为高钾钙碱性和钙碱性系列岩石,具有高Al、Na2O＞K2O的特征;岩浆演化过程中可能经历了以橄榄石、单斜辉石为主的结晶分异作用.海边和赤湖基性岩脉具有相对富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高强场元素特征,不相容元素蛛网图显示出大陆边缘弧的地球化学特征,以Nb、Ta、Ti负异常为特征;海边和赤湖明显富集轻稀土元素,（La/Yb）N分别为5.0～10.9和11.2～12.0.具有高Sr同位素初始值和低εNd（t）值,海边的（^87Sr/^86Sr）i：0.70577～0.707574,εNd（t）：-8.1～-1.8,赤湖的（^87Sr/^86Sr）i：0.70547～0.70552,εNd（t）：-0.2～0.6.根据Sr、Nd同位素、微量元素研究及野外地质观察,本区基性岩脉的岩浆在上升侵位过程中未发生地壳物质混染.通过Sr、Nd同位素和微量元素等研究,认为地幔源区的演化与古太平洋板块俯冲密切相关,俯冲流体交代地幔楔、消减洋壳携带的海洋与陆源沉积物参与地幔源区的混合,形成本区基性岩脉的富集地幔源区,大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素特别富集是俯冲流体与沉积物共同参与源区演化的结果.海边和赤湖基性岩脉形成的构造背景属于活动大陆边缘弧,构造性质应为活动陆缘拉张带（或裂谷带）.晚白垩世和古新世,闽东南发生了地壳拉张事件,与中国东南部晚白垩世以来的地壳拉张期次是一致. 相似文献
3.
华北克拉通东北缘龙岗第四纪玄武岩的地球化学研究为大陆碱性玄武岩的成因以及源区的性质提供了重要的依据.龙岗第四纪玄武岩为碱性玄武岩,具有类似OIB的REE和微量元素分配特征.岩石的Sr-Nd同位素轻度亏损（87Sr/86Sr =0.7044～0.7048,εNd=0.6～2.1）,具有Dupal异常的高放射性成因Pb同位素组成（^206 Pb/^204 Pb=17.734～18.194,^207 Pb/^204 Pb=15.553～15.594,^208 Pb/%204 Pb=38.322～38.707）.这种地球化学特征指示了原始岩浆起源于＜70km深度的地幔,并经历了一定程度的橄榄岩、单斜辉石和钛.铁氧化物的结晶分异.岩浆源区中以来类似MORB软流圈物质的熔体为主,另外有少量来自EM Ⅰ性质的富集岩石圈地幔以及俯冲流体/熔体的物质贡献,显示了深部岩石圈-软流圈一定程度的相互作用以及太平洋板块俯冲的影响.岩浆源区多种端元组分的存在表明该地区岩石圈的减薄/置换受到多种因素的影响. 相似文献
4.
大兴安岭中南段中生代火山岩特征及成因 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
大兴安岭中南段是中生代形成的构造—火山岩带。中生代火山活动经历了多旋回演化,大致包括晚三叠世火山喷发旋回、早—中侏罗世火山喷发旋回、晚侏罗世火山喷发旋回和早白垩世火山喷发旋回,从火山岩和侵入岩的Sr初始值落图得知,形成火山岩的原始岩浆来自深部地壳或上地幔。根据以上认识,最终认为大兴安岭中南段火山岩是地壳伸展作用导致深部岩浆上涌,并发生多旋回演化分异的产物。 相似文献
5.
SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年表明大别山北淮阳带古碑花岗闪长岩形成于125±3Ma,而不是以前所认为的属晚侏罗世岩体.古碑花岗闪长岩的SiO2为61%～63%,K2O为3%～3.7t%,Al2O3＞15%,Mg#[100×Mg^2＋/（Mg^2＋ ＋FeT）]为45～49,具有准铝质（A/CNK=0.84～0.88）和高钾钙碱性特征.岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Sr 500×10^-6～650×10^-6,Ba 1640×10^-6～2053×10^-6）和轻稀土元素[（La/Yb）N比值为13～20],亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti）,具有富集且均一的锶和钕同位素组成[（87Sr/86Sr）i=0.709240～0.709315,εNd（t）=-17.96～-18.05].这些地球化学特征及同位素组成与早白垩世毛坦厂组幔源火山岩及镁铁-超镁铁侵入岩很相似,表明古碑花岗闪长岩起源于富集地幔的部分熔融.该岩体的侵位可能代表了大别山强烈伸展活动的开始.大别山地区晚中生代的岩浆活动可能是古太平洋板块俯冲引起的中国东部早白垩世岩浆活动的一部分,而与三叠纪造山旋回无关. 相似文献
6.
青海省共和盆地周缘晚古生代镁铁质火山岩分属阿尼玛卿蛇绿混杂带,宗务隆构造带和苦海-赛什塘带.阿尼玛卿带正常洋中脊玄武岩（N-MORB）样品具有较高的^87Sr/^86Sr（t）比值（0.7066～0.7084）、高的εNd（t）（12.2～12.8）和较低的^206Pb/^204Pb初始值（17.72～17.79）.这些同位素特征类似于秦岭勉略蛇绿岩带的N-MORB以及印度洋低^206Pb/^204Pb高^143Nd/^144Nd N-MORB.该带中的洋岛玄武岩（OIB）的^87Sr/^86Sr比值为0.7036～0.7044,εNd（t）=4.4～4.8,^206Pb/^204Pb=17.45～17.62.其Sr和Nd同位素比值可与印度洋代表热点构造的洋岛玄武岩对比,但^206Pb/^204Pb低于印度洋的热点构造玄武岩,因此,具有类似印度洋低143Nd/144Nd比值MORB同位素特征.宗务隆构造带的N-MORB的Sr同位素比值在0.7041～0.7058,εNd（t）=6.1～8.4,^206Pb/^204Pb=17.51～17.90,划归高^143Nd/^144Nd比值的N-MORB.苦海大陆裂谷玄武岩显示了高的^87Sr/^86Sr同位素比值（0.7115和0.7104）和低的εNd（t）值（-1.7和-2.5）,其6206Pb/6204Pb（17.64和17.46）与上述大洋玄武质岩石无显著区别.上述各岩类的同位素特征反映了它们生成的构造环境和陆壳组分混染的程度.阿尼玛卿带的N-MORB代表了典型的来自亏损地幔源区的洋中脊产物.与勉略带同类岩石可能来自同一源区.OIB可能属于热点构造成因的洋岛产物并与MORB一起构成了阿尼玛卿洋洋壳.宗务隆带MORB同样代表了主要源自相对亏损地幔的洋脊产物并指示宗务隆带曾开裂成洋.苦海大陆裂谷玄武岩极高的Sr和低的Nd同位素比值是陆壳物质组分的强烈印记,这与该类火山岩发育在前寒武纪基底之上不无关系.结合本区大洋玄武岩普遍低的Nb/U和Ce/Pb比值,推测它们可能源自EMII与DMM物质的交代混合.按照习惯的想法,明显的Dupal异常（△^208Pb/^204Pb值=46～103和△^207Pb/^204Pb值=4～18;大多样品^87Sr/^86Sr＞0.704）指示这些岩石在空间上代表了来自南半球印度洋位置的古洋壳残余.但是,北半球愈来愈多的Dupal异常的发现有可能指示它们是类似现今东南亚多洋岛构造历经“汇聚式（focused）俯冲”的产物.此外,宗务隆带MORB的Dupal异常指示本区古特提斯域的北界较先前所定还要北推200km. 相似文献
7.
山西吕梁地区古元古界小两岭组火山岩角度不整合于华北克拉通结晶基底之上,主要由玄武-安山岩、英安-流纹岩组成,SiO2含量57%～63%的火山岩很少.岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Ba、K等）和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta等）.主、微量元素及Nd同位素地球化学特征表明：玄武-安山岩与英安-流纹岩为同源岩浆产物,成分间隙的产生由分离结晶作用导致;岛弧型火山岩地球化学特征产生的原因主要不是由于地壳的混染,而是继承于受俯冲组分改造的岩石圈富集地幔.对小两岭组顶部流纹岩中的锆石进行激光探针等离子体质谱（LA-ICP-MS）年龄测试,表明火山岩形成于1779±20Ma（^207Ph/^206Pb）.通过对小两岭组火山岩与熊耳群火山岩的地层层位、岩相学、地球化学和Nd同位素特征的对比,以及年代学方面的证据,表明小两岭组火山岩与熊耳群火山岩相当,是同期岩浆活动在不同空间的产物,都形成于大陆裂谷环境,可能与地幔柱有关. 相似文献
8.
新疆阿尔泰东部哈拉乔拉出露有新生代玄武岩，K—Ar法测得玄武岩的年龄在10～20Ma，地球化学分析结果表明哈拉乔拉玄武岩具有高TiO2含量、高钾富碱的特点，属于典型的橄榄玄粗岩系列；强烈富集不相容元素和轻稀土元素，显示出源区富集的特点。（^87Sr/^86Sr）．为0．704432～0．704538，（^143Nd／^144Nd）i为0．512641～0．512779，εNd（t）为0．29～1．03，其Sr-Nd同住素特征和地球化学特征都与洋岛玄武岩（OIB）相似。La／Nb（0．765～0．823）、Nb／U（35．02～52．01）等不相容元素的比值指示了源区中可能存在少量循环地壳物质。综合对比南天山托云等地区新生代玄武岩，中亚地区的地球化学性质相似的新生代火山岩分布零星，空间上与大型断裂相对应，不应是前人地幔柱成因的观点。本文结合中亚地区古生代地壳的演化特点，提出中亚地区的新生代类OIB型玄武岩来源于中亚地区已被改造的富集地幔。 相似文献
9.
塔里木盆地西北部巴楚地区出露的二叠纪基性岩脉为研究塔里木盆地及其邻区晚古生代区域大地构造演化提供了重要信息.巴楚地区基性岩脉中辉绿岩脉富集大离子亲石元素、轻稀土元素以及高场强元素,La/Nb=0.84～1.23,Zr/Nb=5.80～7.81,Ce/Pb=2.6～15.4和Nb/U=27.0～37.3,初始87Sr/86Sr=0.70495～0.70560,εNd（t）=-1.7～＋2.0,明显不同于受俯冲交代地幔源区的产物,也区别于典型洋岛玄武岩（OIB）,相反具有OIB型＋富集岩石圈地幔的元素-同位素地球化学特征,能被理解为与二叠纪软流圈和岩石圈相互作用产物,其起源与软流圈地幔上涌有关,表明二叠纪时巴楚地区应处于软流圈上隆的岩石圈伸展构造背景.结合区域地质资料,可认为二叠纪时地幔源区属性自塔里木盆地内部向北至西南天山边缘呈规律性变化 相似文献
10.
中国东部燕山造山带发育着大量的中-晚侏罗世髫髻山期（蓝旗期）中酸性钙碱性火山岩,它们具有类似于埃达克岩的地球化学特征,如SiO2（≥55.48%）、Al2O3（≥14.25%）和Na2O（≥3.11%）含量高,而MgO（＜3.0%,Mg#≤0.49）含量低;微量元素Sr（≥554×10^-6）、Ba（≥819×10^-6）含量及Sr/Y比值（29～101）较高,而Yb（＜1.70×10^-6）、Y（＜21×10^-6）含量及Rb/Sr比值（0.01～0.19）较低;轻重稀土分馏十分明显（（La/Yb）N＞14.5）,Eu负-正异常弱（0.79～1.01）,高场强元素（如Nb、Ta）相对亏损.火山岩的Nd、Sr、Pb同位素比值变化小,具有富集地幔特征.作者认为其岩浆起源于增厚下地壳玄武质岩石的部分熔融.中-晚侏罗世髫髻山期（蓝旗期）火山岩是燕山运动的产物,其火山喷发标志着燕山地区从古亚洲洋构造体系转入到古太平洋构造体系,这对探讨燕山造山带中生代岩浆演化和区域构造演化具有重要意义. 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
15.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
16.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
17.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
19.
Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
20.
WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献