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INTRODUCTION Internet technology has enabled students tohave access to a web-based learning environment,which provides students and teachers with un-precedented flexibility and convenience. On theother hand, it also creates many lonely learners,which mean those who cannot share their class-mates’ learning experience and resources like intraditional classroom-based education. While a lotof research has been pursued to provide collabora-tive learning environments for geographically d… 相似文献
2.
Sophie Bridgers Costanza De Simone Hyowon Gweon Azzurra Ruggeri 《Child development》2023,94(5):1259-1280
Do children consider how others learned when seeking help? Across three experiments, German children (N = 536 3-to-8 year olds, 49% female, majority White, tested 2017–2019) preferred to learn from successful active learners selectively by context: They sought help solving a problem from a learner who had independently discovered the solution to a previous problem over those who had learned through instruction or observation, but only when the current problem was novel, yet related, to the learners' problem (Experiment 1). Older, but not younger, children preferred the active learner even when she was offered help (Experiment 2), though only when her discovery was deliberate (Experiment 3). Although a preference to learn from successful active learners emerges early, a genuine appreciation for process beyond outcome increases across childhood. 相似文献
3.
Gwyneth Hughes 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(3):349-363
Improving retention and identifying ‘at risk’ learners are high profile issues in higher education, and a proposed solution is to provide good learner support. Blending of online learning with classroom sessions offers the potential to use a virtual learning environment to deliver learning activities, and to support learners using a distance learning model. Online tracking can also help to target ‘at risk’ learners quickly. In an action research project to improve retention, a blended module with proactive tutor support was compared with a previous cohort of the module and with similar classroom-only modules where there was no focus on learner support. Learners were also interviewed and the tutor kept records of the learner contact time. The resulting improved coursework submission rate was attributed to learner motivation as a result of peer and tutor support. The total teaching time was no greater in this model, although the workload distribution changed, and the tutor needed to be highly skilled in e-learning. 相似文献
4.
郑亚楠 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2011,31(9):111-112
英语学习词典诞生于20世纪三四十年代,它以帮助英语为非母语的使用者学习英语为主要目的,其基本功能是帮助学习者正确理解并善于运用英语。本文通过对当今公认为最优秀的学习词典：Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English《朗文当代英语词典》（第三版）、Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary《牛津高阶英语词典》（第六版）两本词典的对比研究,分析各自的特点,并结合中国中高级学习者的实际情况指出这两部词典最适合的读者。 相似文献
5.
E-learning allows learners individually to learn “anywhere, anytime” and offers immediate access to specific information. However, learners have different behaviors, learning styles, attitudes, and aptitudes, which affect their learning process, and therefore learning environments need to adapt according to these differences, so as to increase the results of the learning process. In addition, providing the same learning content to all the learners may lead to a reduction in the learner's performance. Hence, there is a need to classify the learners based on their performance and knowledge level. Learner profiles play an important role in making the e-learning environment adaptive. Providing an adaptive learning environment, catering to the changing needs and behavior of the learner can be achieved by evolving dynamic learner profiles. Navigation logs can be used to analyze learners’ behavior over a period of time. In this work, we propose dynamic learner profiling to cater to changing learner behaviors, styles, goals, preferences, performances, knowledge level, learner's state, content difficulty, and feedbacks. Based on the continuous observation of learner preferences and requirements, the learner profile is dynamically updated. Furthermore, we propose an automatic learner classification to construct the learner profile and identify the complexity level of learning content, using the Bayesian belief network and decision tree techniques. We evaluated our system with two traditional adaptive e-learning systems, using static profiles and behavioral aspects, through our performance evaluation method of different learner types. In addition, we compared the actual learners’ data with the system generated results for various types of learners, and showed the increased interest in their learning outcomes. 相似文献
6.
基于自组织理论的学习者分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
人是教育活动中的核心因素。教师应全面了解和分析学习的特性，并将其作为教学行为的依据和准则。自组织理论为我们进一步研究教学中的“人”提供了一种新的方法论。本从学习个体和群体作为自组织系统的两个方面分析了学习的特性。 相似文献
7.
Chih-Ming Chen 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2009,40(6):1028-1058
Developing personalised web-based learning systems has been an important research issue in e-learning because no fixed learning pathway will be appropriate for all learners. However, most current web-based learning platforms with personalised curriculum sequencing tend to emphasise the learner preferences and interests in relation to personalised learning services but fail to consider the difficulty level of course materials, learning order of prior and posterior knowledge and learner abilities while constructing a personalised learning path. As a result, these ignored factors thus easily lead to the generation of poor quality learning paths. Generally, learners could generate cognitive overload or fall into cognitive disorientation owing to inappropriate curriculum sequencing during learning processes, thus, reducing the learning effect. With the advancement of artificial intelligence technologies, ontology technologies enable a linguistic infrastructure to represent conceptual relationships between course materials. Ontology can be served as a structured knowledge representation scheme, capable of assisting the construction of a personalised learning path. This study thus proposes a novel genetic-based curriculum sequencing scheme based on a generated ontology-based concept map, which can be automatically constructed by the pretest results of numerous learners, to plan appropriate learning paths for individual learners. The experimental results indicated that the proposed approach could create high-quality learning paths for individual learners. The proposed approach thus can help learners to learn more effectively and to likely reduce learners' cognitive overloads during learning processes. 相似文献
8.
自主学习是学习者控制自己学习的一种能力,培养学习者的学习自主性就是要从认知、情感和行为三方面了解学生的差异,帮助她们掌握学习策略,增强他们的学习动力,保持她们的学习兴趣,提高他们的学习信心。对于英语学习者来说,形成性评价对他们有督促和鼓励的作用,有利于他们成为自主学习者。 相似文献
9.
Hui-Jen Yang Yun-Long Lay 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2005,36(3):537-551
A computer‐aided Mandarin phonemes training (CAMPT) system was developed and evaluated for training hearing‐impaired students in their pronunciation of Mandarin phonemes. Deaf or hearing‐impaired people have difficulty hearing their own voice, hence most of them cannot learn how to speak. Phonemes are the basis for learning to read and speak in Mandarin. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to use voice‐recognition techniques to develop a Mandarin phoneme training system for the self‐training of hearing‐impaired people. The system analyses the spoken Mandarin phoneme of a hearing‐impaired person, compares it with the phonemes database, and shows the results on the computer monitor. Our CAMPT system helps hearing‐impaired people pronounce Mandarin phonemes, and the system automatically gives the learner a percentage score for each phoneme. In other words, learners can receive instant feedback from the system. Experiments conducted among high school students diagnosed with hearing impairment revealed that our system can help students learn the Mandarin phonemes with a neural net recognition algorithm for different users. After five months, most learners can pronounce 95% of the phonemes correctly. 相似文献
10.
Pragya Dwivedi Vibhor Kant Kamal K. Bharadwaj 《Education and Information Technologies》2018,23(2):819-836
With the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies, e-learning has gained a considerable attention in recent years. Many researchers have attempted to develop various e-learning systems with personalized learning mechanisms for assisting learners so that they can learn more efficiently. In this context, curriculum sequencing is considered as an important concern for developing more efficient personalized e-learning systems. A more effective personalized e-learning recommender system should recommend a sequence of learning materials called learning path, in an appropriate order with a starting and ending point, rather than a sequence of unordered learning materials. Further the recommended sequence should also match the learner preferences for enhancing their learning capabilities. Moreover, the length of recommended sequence cannot be fixed for each learner because these learners differ from one another in their preferences such as knowledge levels, learning styles, emotions, etc. In this paper, we present an effective learning path recommendation system (LPRS) for e-learners through a variable length genetic algorithm (VLGA) by considering learners’ learning styles and knowledge levels. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed LPRS in e-learning environment. 相似文献
11.
英语活动课的活动设计与组织 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
马爱莲 《湖南第一师范学报》2002,2(2):74-76
英语活动课是语言实践课，活动的设计具有教育性、创造性、实践性、情感交流真实性。是以学生主体活动为主要形式，以鼓励学生主动参与、主动探索、主动思考和主动实践为基本特征，以实现学生多方面能力综合发展为核心，以促进学生整体素质的全面提高为目的的开放性新型教学模式。 相似文献
12.
本文基于电大辍学归因研究中的学习负荷问题展开讨论。调查显示,学习负荷过高造成了许多电大学生在学习道路上的无功而返,而学习的高负荷是由课程难度与学生学术水平之间的落差所造成的。本研究旨在通过对电大课程教学过程的审视,探究其学术支持服务手段的有效性。本研究以2011年3-6月上海电大A分校2010春英语专业本科层次"变化中的英语"课程教学为个案,通过面授课堂观察、课程形成性考核记录、网上教学记录、课程期末考试成绩聚焦课程教学效果。研究结果显示,电大的课程教学支持服务手段仍停留于传统教学模式,而作为重要学习辅助手段的网上学习,其形式意义占据和弥漫于抽样所在班级师生的观念中,导致学习支持的可获得性受到制约;同时,由于任课教师在电大体制下被层层嵌于一个庞大的系统之中,教师的能动性在改善课程教学效果时会受到一定程度上的限制;第三,在多方原因的共同作用下,现行教学模式下学生的课业表现与预期课程教学目标之间存有潜在的些微差距,会在一定程度上影响任课教师对自身课程教学的判断和调整。改变这种状况,电大教学组织制度的变革和对教师支持服务力度的加强势在必行。 相似文献
13.
Daniel L. Schwartz Sean Brophy Xiaodong Lin John D. Bransford 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1999,47(2):39-59
Inquiry-based instruction including problem-, project-, and case-based methods often incorporate complex sets of learning
activities. The numerous activities run the risk of becoming disconnected in the minds of learners and teachers. STAR.Legacy
is a software shell that can help designers organize learning activities into an inquiry cycle that is easy to understand
and pedagogically sound. To ensure that classroom teachers can adapt the inquiry activities according to their local resources
and needs, STAR.Legacy was built upon four types of design principles: learner centered, knowledge centered, assessment centered,
and community centered. We describe how a STAR.Legacy constructed for an educational psychology course helped preservice teachers
design and learn about effective inquiry-based instruction.
This work was supported by grant #R305F60090 from the Department of Education. The authors thank the educational psychology
students for their contributions to this paper and Amy Ryce for her editorial talents. 相似文献
14.
《Learning and Instruction》2003,13(2):227-237
Multimedia learning environments combine multiple forms of representations like texts, static and animated pictures or graphs. Knowledge acquisition from multiple representations requires that the learner create referential connections between corresponding elements and corresponding structures in different representations. As this process is usually difficult, learners frequently fail to construct coherent mental representations and, thus, do not sufficiently understand the subject matter. This paper analyzes the effects of different kinds of instructional help on the process of coherence formation from multiple representations by learners with different prior knowledge. Three groups of university students with different domain-specific knowledge had to learn a complex subject matter from chemistry using six different forms of representation. In addition, a first group received directive help for coherence formation. A second group received non-directive help, and a third group received no instructional help. Results indicate that directive help is effective for recall performance because of its summarizing and repeating function. Furthermore, learners with different levels of prior knowledge show different reactions when help is given. For learners with insufficient prior knowledge help is not helpful or, in case of recall performance, even harmful. Learners with a medium level of prior knowledge can increase especially their comprehension performance when help is offered, whereas learners with too much prior knowledge seem not to be affected by help. 相似文献
15.
Frank A. J. Leenaars Wouter R. van Joolingen Hannie Gijlers Lars Bollen 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2014,62(5):555-570
GearSketch is a learning environment for the gears domain, aimed at students in the final years of primary school. It is designed for use with a touchscreen device and is based on ideas from drawing-based learning and research on cognitive tutors. At the heart of GearSketch is a domain model that is used to transform learners’ strokes into gears and chains, animate the turning of the gears and check whether learners’ solutions to practice problems satisfy the given constraints. Additionally, this domain model is the basis for GearSketch’s learner model and item generation an selection mechanisms. The learner model is used to track learners’ knowledge and adaptively select items as they progress through the practice problems. Two experimental evaluation studies show that GearSketch’s interface and animations lead to improved learning outcomes, but that its adaptive features do not significantly affect posttest results. 相似文献
16.
长期以来,在线课程研究与实践一直被“高辍学率”困扰。传统文献对其原因的消极解读是在线课程定位失准、对在线互动机制理解片面、在线学习评价主体错位的结果。因此,本研究对将“高辍学率”理解为在线课程和课程学习者失败的合理性提出质疑,从学习者投资理论的视角,对在线课程与学习者的关系进行重新诠释。研究发现,在线课程“辍学”是学习者的一种主动选择,同时也是线下教师策略整合及在线课程资源属性的体现。基于“高辍学率”现象中隐藏的积极意涵,研究进一步从教学组织过程、学习评价模式、共同体实践等方面对在线课程学习机制进行了重构。 相似文献
17.
Coursera作为开放在线课程的佼佼者,其教学成功之道无疑值得我们去思考与研究。该文通过跟踪学习＂混合学习＂课程,对其在资源、教学、学习及评价等方面的特点进行分析,挖掘梳理Coursera在教学方面的成功之道,并探讨其对我国在线课程发展的启示。研究得出为使我国在线课程迅速发展,在根据我国学习者特点和现有技术支持的前提下,其资源设计应满足在线学习者的个性化学习需求,教学上应提供完善的课程学习支持服务,学习上要打造空前开放的学习共同体,评价上需制定灵活多样的评价机制,进而开发出＂本土化＂的在线课程。 相似文献
18.
张莉 《成都教育学院学报》2009,23(4):98-100
针对网络学习者及其对案例访问的模糊性提出采用模糊聚类的方法对学习者和案例进行聚类分析。在算法中,以各学习者对案例的访问次数、时间、学习效率等刻画学习者对案例的关注程度建立模糊相似矩阵,再由平方法求出模糊等价矩阵,然后进行聚类分析。通过具体实例阐述算法的计算过程,证明算法实现的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
19.
成功数学教育是通过数学管理者、数学教学者、数学学习者树立成功数学观念,采用成功运行机制最终使数学学习者数学才能获得成功的数学教育活动。成功数学教育的特征:面向全体数学学习者;数学潜能变成才能,并使之全面发展;数学学习不断成功;全程数学教育;全员数学管理。成功数学教育机制包括系统组织和和软组织穴观念雪,成功数学教育系统组织包括成功数学管理、成功数学教学、成功数学学习三部分,成功数学教育软组织穴观念雪主要是期望——机会——评价机制。 相似文献
20.
Wei-Chih Hsu 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(1):106-125
This paper presents a new algorithm called competency-based guided-learning algorithm (CBGLA), which can be applied on adaptively guiding e-learning. Computational process analysis and mathematical derivation of competency-based learning (CBL) were used to develop the CBGLA. The proposed algorithm could generate an effective adaptively guiding learning path in order that it would guide the learners to study adaptively without requiring teacher involvement. In order to verify the effectiveness for the CBGLA, a system is implemented. Using statistical methods, the data of which are collected from the students' learning activities on the system, we have verified the efficiency of the CBGLA by the comparison of the pre-test and post-test scores of students. While the learning materials possess fixed scope and could be classified into several categories, students could even learn more effective under the guidance of CBGLA system than a teacher. Analyzing the questionnaire, it also has been shown that learners were very satisfied with the design of the system user interface and the guided-learning mechanism. 相似文献