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就近入学是发达国家普及义务教育初期的一项重要教育政策,在这些国家给予家长一定的学校选择权后,就近入学政策仍得以保留。学校选择权作为受教育权有进一步延伸的趋势。具体到我国,中央政府在对待民间择校的问题,可以继续坚持就近入学为本,但可将学校选择权交由部分地方试点。 相似文献
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为了遏制“以钱择校”、“以权择校”等择校方式导致的教育不公平问题,国家实施了就近入学政策。然而,就近入学政策还存在缺陷,在实践中也面临着一些困境,需要寻求化解之道。 相似文献
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就近入学政策是中国义务教育的重要公共政策,在实践中该政策强调在义务教育阶段严禁择校、适龄公民就近入学.然而,至今择校现象依然存在,而且生命力还颇为旺盛.现象的产生使我们不得不对就近入学政策进行反思.本文对就近入学政策存在的问题和主要原因进行探讨,认为“如若我们将择校合理合法化,将就近入学与择校协调发展,也许我们的义务教育将会迎来更美好的明天.“ 相似文献
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《义务教育法》明确规定,义务教育阶段适龄儿童、少年就近入学。这项政策在执行过程中遇到重重困难。至今择校现象依然存在,而且仍然颇具影响。为此,必须反思就近入学政策的合理性、存在的问题和主要原因,并且可以考虑将择校合理合法化,使就近入学与择校协调发展。 相似文献
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近几年,国家不断出台新政解决择校乱象,但社会和学术界对于择校与就近入学的合理性与合法性问题却一直争论不休。为此,本研究将从剖析义务教育择校权利公平的有限性入手,分析择校制度本身存在的合法性,同时揭示实现义务教育公平择校的条件。在此基础上,分析我国义务教育择校过程中的权利爆炸将加剧教育资源配置和教育机会的不公平。最后,提出我国实现义务教育公平择校的可能性及具体策略,包括强化政府责任意识,坚持就近入学原则,以遏制非法择校现象。同时,加强教育资源均衡配置,从而最终实现对公平择校的理性追求。 相似文献
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择校是目前我国所存在的一种备受关注的社会现象.尽管在1986年颁布的有关法律中明确规定了"就近入学"的政策,但由于我国教育资源分配的不公平,择校现象依然存在. 相似文献
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近年来,围绕就近入学和择校展开的论争是教育领域中的热点话题。从法理学的视角来看,就近入学和择校二者均是公民权利的内容,但择校体现了公民权利的更高要求,而就近入学是实现这种权利的必然途径。要协调二者,须在贯彻就近入学政策的基础上扩大教育选择范围,以法律和政策规范择校行为,并对弱势群体实行特殊支持政策。 相似文献
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为了保障义务教育阶段适龄儿童受教育的权利,我国颁布并实施了“就近入学”政策,但是由于历史原因导致我国教育资源分布不均衡,择校现象依然存在,部分学者对就近入学政策也有不同的看法,争议颇多。本文利用最优化方法论从权利和义务的角度来分析就近入学政策,认为就近入学政策是全局最优的,同时从博弈论的角度分析当前就近入学政策实施过程中存在的问题,并给出具体的对策。 相似文献
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一、对我国义务教育阶段现行择校政策的反思
仔细分析我国义务教育阶段现行的择校政策,存在这样一个逻辑假设：即择校违背了教育公平,择校导致了教育乱收费和教育腐败,因此,为了保障教育公平必须“就近入学”,推进基础教育均衡发展,只要教育资源配置均衡了择校现象就自然可以消除。表面看来似乎很有道理,但事实并非如此简单。 相似文献
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Virginia L. Walker 《Exceptionality》2017,25(3):157-169
The purpose of this survey study was to assess the perceived skill level and educational needs of special education paraprofessionals in the area of function-based intervention and to identify paraprofessionals’ preferred training delivery method(s) and any variables that affect paraprofessionals’ preference for these methods. Special education paraprofessionals working during the 2012–2013 school year in the state of Virginia were asked to complete an anonymous online survey. A total of 487 special education paraprofessionals responded to some or all survey items. Findings suggest that a large number of paraprofessionals reported low skill level and high educational needs across 10 domains of function-based intervention. Overall, paraprofessionals preferred training that is delivered within school settings, involves experiential learning, and requires minimal time. Implications for practice, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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《British Educational Research Journal》2006,32(4):583-599
The aim of this article is to explore pupils' preferences for particular types of grouping practices, an area neglected in earlier research focusing on the personal and social outcomes of ability grouping. The sample comprised over 5000 Year 9 pupils (aged 13–14 years) in 45 mixed secondary comprehensive schools in England. The schools represented three levels of ability grouping in the lower school (Years 7 to 9). Pupils responded to a questionnaire which explored the types of grouping that they preferred and the reasons for their choices. The majority of pupils preferred setting, although this was mediated by their set placement, type of school, socio‐economic status and gender. The key reason given for this preference was that it enabled work to be matched to learning needs. The article considers whether there are other ways of achieving this, which avoid the negative social and personal outcomes of setting for some pupils. 相似文献
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This study of perceptions of classroom environment is distinctive in that, first, it made use of two instruments (the Individualized Classroom Environment Questionnaire and Classroom Environment Scale) which have had very little use in prior science education research and, second, it involved assessment not only of student perceptions of actual environment, but also of student perceptions of preferred environments and teacher perceptions of actual environment. Administration of these instruments to a sample of 2175 junior high school students in 116 classes revealed that the environment scales exhibited satisfactory internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity in each of the three forms (student actual, student preferred, and teacher actual), and that there were some fascinating systematic differences between the profiles of environment scale scores obtained for the different forms. In particular, it was generally found that students preferred a more favorable classroom environment then was perceived as being actually present and that teachers perceived the environment of their classes more favorably than did students in the same classrooms. 相似文献
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张家军 《西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2009,(5):141-146
以科层式管理理论来审视我国的学校教育,可以发现,我国的学校管理也主要是科层式的管理,主要表现为：层级化、官僚化、数量化、制度化、专门化。无论在组织层面上还是在社会层面上,科层式管理都是形式理性的典型代表。对学校而言,面对稳定的、可预测的、相对单一的环境,科层制是较好的管理形式。但随着社会政治经济的发展,组织环境的变化,学校所面对的环境越来越复杂,必须不断地对学校管理进行改革,以适应不断发展的外部环境的需要。 相似文献
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School counsellors’ beliefs regarding collaboration with parents of students with special educational needs in Flanders: Parents as partners or opposites? 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kathleen Bodvin Karine Verschueren Elke Struyf 《British Educational Research Journal》2018,44(3):419-439
The literature shows that a good collaboration between the school and parents of students with special educational needs (SEN) is not always present. However, school counsellors must collaborate with SEN students’ parents to organise guidance trajectories for their child. This article examines school counsellors’ experiences when collaborating with parents of SEN students and the factors they perceive as contributing to good or difficult collaboration. Four focus groups in mainstream education (N = 50) and one focus group in special education (N = 14) were conducted in Flanders. A thematic analysis indicated that school counsellors generally find it difficult to collaborate with parents of SEN students and that an expert attitude can emerge. The role of these parents is described as limited, which is even preferred by some school counsellors. A deficit view is recognised and the reasons for poor collaboration are mainly situated on the parents’ side, such as parents that need more processing time to accept the SEN of their child and that show distrust towards the school. School counsellors spontaneously referred to parents’ low socioeconomic and ethnic minority status as complicating factors for collaboration. They seem to feel incompetent to overcome these collaboration difficulties. Various recommendations for schools are formulated. 相似文献
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Factors and processes involved when beginning secondary school teachers modify or abandon practices learned at the university were investigated through participant observations and in‐depth interviews over a three‐year period. Teachers used a strategic adjustment strategy that included some characteristics of reflective teaching. They were active participants in their own socialization. Practices that were neither preferred nor based on university teachings were adopted. As thoughtful responses to workplace constraints, these practices were selected consciously and were modified on the primary basis of situational need rather than theoretical, personal, or authority preferences. Some workplace factors were viewed as barriers that precluded the use of preferred practices. Other factors were regarded as pressures but appeared to allow room for choice. 相似文献
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Students with disruptive behaviour in the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW) are increasingly being educated in separate ‘behaviour’ schools. There is however surprisingly little research on how students view these settings, or indeed the mainstream schools from which they were excluded. To better understand excluded students’ current and past educational experiences, we interviewed 33 boys, aged between 9 and 16 years of age, who were enrolled in separate special schools for students with disruptive behaviour. Analyses reveal that the majority of participants began disliking school in the early years due to difficulties with schoolwork and teacher conflict. Interestingly, while most indicated that they preferred the behaviour school, more than half still wanted to return to their old school. It is therefore clear that separate special educational settings are not a solution to disruptive behaviour in mainstream schools. Whilst these settings do fulfil a function for some students, the preferences of the majority of boys suggest that ‘mainstream’ school reform is of first-order importance. 相似文献
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Laura O. Murphy Steven M. Ross 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1990,38(3):27-37
Junior-high students solved mathematics story problems featuring a male protagonist, a female protagonist, or both. A total of 252 eighth-graders from a rural school and a suburban school participated. Females and especially males strongly preferred own-gender over opposite-gender protagonists. Female performance exceeded male performance overall, regardless of protagonist gender. For the rural sample only, and more so for high-ability than low-ability students, performance was higher for those who received preferred-protagonist problems. Problem-solving performance was strongly related to standardized mathematics achievement scores, but was not significantly related to race or socioeconomic status. The implications of the findings for using preferred contexts as a basis for instructional adaptation in mathematics education are discussed. 相似文献
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Patricia E. Long 《High Ability Studies》1993,4(1):62-69
While in education the views of adults are taken into account, the students are rarely consulted, not even the gifted ones! This paper reports on a small scale study carried out in a large Australian school to investigate student perceptions of giftedness, preferred teacher qualities and ways of providing for gifted students in the school setting. The views of gifted and average students were compared. While the study has limitations, interesting similarities and differences were found between responses of the two groups. If these views were found to be held by larger number of students, it would be important for adults to take note of them. In any case, such documentation and examination of student perceptions on the study topics might give teachers and policy makers some empirical basis for action from a quarter hitherto insuffiently explored. 相似文献