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1.
Backward course design is a compelling strategy for achieving results-based, student-centered learning. The backward course-design approach is first to identify student-learning outcomes, then the means of assessing the outcomes, and lastly the classroom activities that would support the learning outcomes. With demonstrated success at improving teaching and learning at K–12 levels, this design approach is receiving increasing attention at the college level. Yet college faculty, who receive comparatively little instruction in course design, may find it challenging to enact the principles of backward course design into day-to-day lecture planning. To help address this challenge, we developed a backward design-inspired lesson planner to assist in restructuring college course periods for more active, learner-centered activities that align with course goals. We describe the planner and its application to a non-majors college biology class, and we share student and instructor perceptions of classroom structure and use of classroom time before and after implementation. Benefits of implementing the backward design planner included enhanced ability to prioritize content delivery to students, better time management in and out of the classroom, improved experience of lecture preparation, more engaged students, and more frequent feedback on student comprehension. 相似文献
2.
Teresa L. McElhinny Michael J. Dougherty Bethany V. Bowling Julie C. Libarkin 《Science & Education》2014,23(2):445-464
We review the state of genetics instruction in the United States through the lens of backward design, with particular attention to the goals and assessments that inform curricular practice. An analysis of syllabi and leading textbooks indicates that genetics instruction focuses most strongly on foundations of DNA and Mendelian genetics. At the same time, a survey of faculty indicates that other concepts, such as the application of genetics to society or the environment, are viewed as equally or even more important than foundation concepts. This disconnect suggests a need for more explicit goal setting prior to curriculum development. We also review the relationship between concept inventories, multiple-choice tests measuring conceptual understanding, and curricular goals. Existing concept inventories offer a strong foundation on which to build community-developed concept assessments of genetics knowledge. Concept assessments such as these would allow the genetics education community to test hypotheses of curricular change. 相似文献
3.
成果为导向的语言实践活动模式用于以应对传统第二课堂活动中存在的弊端和不足。整个模式采用倒序设计的方式,以明确的成果为目标,采用项目型活动方式以及真实性的成果评价,其目的在于提高学习效能并塑造成功的学习者。 相似文献
4.
Donald T. Tosti 《Performance Improvement》2007,46(1):21-25
One way to define culture is “the way a group of people prefer to behave.” The trick for organizational leaders is to find ways to ensure that the company culture, that is the way their people prefer to behave, is supportive of what is needed to successfully deliver the company strategy. Using a criteron‐referenced approach, we can first examine our strategy and mission to determine what results we want. Then working backward from results, we can define a set of practices that best support the attainment of those results. The organizational alignment model can then be used to establish the operational values that should make up the company culture. Finally, using a series of systemic change applications, we can implement an HPT program of strategy and culture alignment. The key to this change is that the resulting culture is clearly aligned with the goals of the organization. 相似文献
5.
张帆 《天津职业院校联合学报》2013,(12):64-66
我国的艺术类教育鼓励发散学生思维,教育内容越来越开放,教学方式呈多元化,动漫设计艺术教学也应遵循这一原则。但受历史和文化因素的影响,我国动漫教学的理念和方法还相对落后,若想实现动漫教育的突破,必须彻底改革动漫教学模式,因材施教,才能培养出富有中国民族特色的动漫人才。 相似文献
6.
Glenda A. Gunter Robert F. Kenny Erik H. Vick 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2008,56(5-6):511-537
We are witnessing a mad rush to pour educational content into games in an ad hoc manner in hopes that player/learners are motivated simply because the content is housed inside a game. A failure to base educational game design on well-established learning and instructional theories increases the risk of the game failing to meet its intended educational goals, and yielding students who are entertained but who have not acquired any academic skills or knowledge. Our review of standalone educational games has shown that they are not always based on sound educational principles and theories. We contend that, if academic learning is to take place, a new design paradigm must be developed. This article discusses the RETAIN design and evaluation model for educational games that was developed to aide in the evaluation of how well academic content is endogenously immersed and embedded within the game’s fantasy and story context, promoters transfer of knowledge, and encourages repetitive usage to that content becomes available for use in an automatic way. 相似文献
7.
Jerald R. Forster 《Journal of Career Development》1992,18(3):175-185
Summary A structured exercise that is based on PCP theory has been described and demonstrated to show how it can facilitate self-understanding and career development. The primary advantage of a PCP-based approach, when compared to approaches that use standardized inventories, is that a PCP approach encourages career explorers to use their own constructs. It is hypothesized that when people use goals that are articulated from their own constructs, they will understand their goals more fully and be more empowered to work towards those goals. A fuller understanding of their goals should allow them to find environments where these goals are more likely to be realized. Future investigations will continue to test these hypotheses. 相似文献
8.
多元智力理论与研究型课程的开发与设计 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究型课程着眼于提高学生的创造性学力,注重提高学科研究能力.研究型课程具有探究性、创新性、自主性和综合性等特征,其基本目标包括能力、情意和知识等七个维度.多元智力理论倡导的学生主动参与、探究发现、交流合作学习等内容引起教师角色、教与学方式的变革,赋予学校教育教学新的功能和价值取向.这些皆为研究型课程的设计与开发提供了许多有益的启示.汲取多元智力理论合理的内核,为研究型课程的设计和实施,特别是课程内容的选择与组织、课程教学的形式和方法等具有积极的意义. 相似文献
9.
This study examined the impact of incorporating group design projects into a second-year engineering class on achievement goal orientations and two academic outcomes: concept inventory and final exam scores. In this study, two sections were taught using lecture format, but one section also completed three group design projects as part of their curriculum. The intervention of incorporating group design projects had a positive effect on mastery goals and a negative effect on performance-approach goals. The effect of the intervention on academic outcomes was mediated by mastery goals but not performance-approach or performance-avoidance goals. Implications and future directions are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Initial primary teacher education should be designed to cater for the socially, culturally and linguistically diverse populations found in schools. They rarely are. As a result they tend to promote social reproduction rather than social transformation. Using vignettes drawn from our work on the New South Wales Ministerial Advisory Council for the Quality of Teaching we demonstrate the need to re‐explore the fundamental purposes and goals of preparing teachers to meet the needs of all children in our primary schools. We propose a reconceptualization of teacher education around a cultural studies perspective as a productive way forward which would allow integration rather than compartmentalization of knowledge and which encourages a search for truth in which tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty feature such that knowledge is understood as relative and fallible. 相似文献
11.
Peggy A. Pittas 《Innovative Higher Education》2000,25(2):97-110
This article offers the Lynchburg College Symposium Readings (LCSR) Program as a model for faculty development. The program encourages faculty collaboration, innovative classroom practices, and service as well as new areas of faculty scholarship. Methods for assessing faculty work within the context of the goals of the program and the institution are described. Throughout the history of the program an emphasis has been placed on continuous faculty development in the belief that keeping faculty vital ensures quality teaching and scholarship. 相似文献
12.
This paper
reports on the efficacy of a professional development framework premised on
four complex systems design principles: Feedback, Adaptation, Network Growth
and Self-organization (FANS). The framework is applied to the design and
delivery of the first 2 years of a 3-year study aimed at improving teacher and
student understanding of computational modeling tools. We demonstrate that
structuring a professional development program around the FANS framework
facilitates the development of important strategies and processes for program
organizers such as the identification of salient system variables, effectively
distributing expertise, adaptation and improvement of professional development
resources and activities and building technological, human and social capital.
For participants, there is evidence to show that the FANS framework encourages:
professional goal setting, engagement in a strong professional community and
personal autonomy by enabling individualized purpose—all fundamental components
in promoting self-organization. We discuss three meta-level themes that may
account for the success of the FANS framework: structure versus agency,
exploration versus exploitation and short-term versus long-term goals. Each
illustrates the tension that exists between competing variables that need to be
considered in order to work effectively in real world complex educational
systems. 相似文献
13.
Kristin Lesseig Rebekah Elliott Elham Kazemi Megan Kelley-Petersen Matthew Campbell Judith Mumme Cathy Carroll 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2017,20(6):591-619
In this article, we report on Researching Mathematics Leader Learning (RMLL), a project designed to support leaders in learning how to facilitate robust opportunities for teachers’ mathematical learning. Our two-phase research design allowed us to construct a set of videocase seminars, enact the seminar design with leaders, analyze these data, refine our seminar design, and implement a second set of seminars with a new group of leaders. We drew on the noticing literature to examine leaders’ pedagogical reasoning as they discussed videocases of professional development. In this article, we demonstrate how changes in our framework for leader development and the resulting changes in the prompts and tasks shaped leader noticing in three ways: (a) accounting for the mathematical work of the facilitator and teachers in the videocase; (b) linking the mathematical work to goals for teacher learning; and (c) reasoning around the facilitator’s work in advancing those learning goals. Analysis indicates that in Phase II, leader discussions were more focused on the mathematical and pedagogical work needed to advance teacher learning. Based on our research and development work with over 70 leaders, we offer a set of design principles for leader professional development. 相似文献
14.
Robert M. Danielowich 《The Teacher Educator》2013,48(2):101-122
Although most innovative professional development encourages reflective dialogue among teachers, we still know very little about how such dialogue enables teacher learning. This study describes how teachers make sense of the conflicts among their intended goals and actual practices by responding to their peers' teaching. Four teachers in a large urban high school each taught, evaluated, and shared four lessons they designed to enact self-identified goals absent from their practices. Patterns across the critiques, questions, compliments, and self-critiques that the teachers used to respond to others' lessons indicate the different ways they used the peer context to diversify, personalize, or slow down their thinking about their own teaching, and cross-case patterns reveal how they all learned in ways that would have been less likely in non-peer contexts. The findings suggest why diverse reflective peer groups are crucial starting points for larger professional networks designed to support systemic changes in teacher practices. 相似文献
15.
Kantorski Brinley Sanford-Dolly Camellia W. Commisso Danielle R. Pollock John A. 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2019,67(3):711-731
Backward design is a well-established design strategy that has been used to produce educational curriculum for decades. While traditionally used to plan and create classroom-based curriculum, in this paper we explore the use of backward design as a design strategy for the development of an educational mobile application, BiblioTech? “CityHacks: In Search of Sleep.” We discuss the process from initial conception to launch and updates, as well as plans for future research.
相似文献16.
Previous research suggested that social support, belongingness and mastery goals were related to the quality of cooperative learning (CL). In this in-depth study we explored how to differentiate between four effective CL teams and four ineffective CL teams, in terms of students' goals and perceptions of instructional conditions. Apart from the earlier mentioned goals we found students' preference for social responsibility, learning for a certificate and entertainment goals to be salient in the CL setting. Mastery and social responsibility goals were prevalent in effective teams, while learning for a certificate and entertainment goals were prevalent in ineffective teams. Moreover, the type of task, group composition and teacher support were mentioned as reasons for effective or ineffective CL. 相似文献
17.
18.
Eileen Carnell 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(3):363-389
ABSTRACT Design and technology is a relatively new subject in the National Curriculum for England and Wales. This paper presents a theoretical consideration of design and technology and argues that it has the potential to provide a classroom context which encourages critical thinking and analytical competence in pupils. This claim is based on the view that design and technology requires a type of classroom interaction that is different from that most commonly practised in our schools, both primary and secondary. Learning in design and technology depends upon collaboration between teacher and pupils, and between the pupils themselves, and as such is ideally suited to the development of collaborative learning, a method of learning which encourages decision making after a period of critical enquiry and experimentation. We further argue that the successful implementation of the design and technology curriculum hinges upon the development of classroom talk, because talk plays the central role in the development of critical thinking, reflection and evaluation, all important features of design and technology. 相似文献
19.
制定明确的教学目标,是课堂教学设计的中心任务。笔者分析了目前在教学目标设计方面存在的问题及成因,分析了教学目标及相关概念的内涵,提出了在进行教学目标设计时应将过程目标与终结目标相结合、心理描述与行为描述相结合、多维分析与综合设计相结合,既要全面又要突出重点等观点。 相似文献
20.
Catherine M. Scott 《Journal of School Choice》2017,11(1):168-190
More than 6,000 charter schools exist in the United States, and of these 120 are Montessori charter schools. When studying charter school practices, researchers often examine issues such as performance accountability measures and effectiveness of charter school curricula. In doing so, the outcomes often overlook the challenges for teachers as they attempt to blend the demands of being a charter school with performance accountability and charter school philosophies, such as the Montessori philosophy. In this longitudinal case study, I examined the ways in which teachers in a charter Montessori school used professional development to help balance the demands for standardized testing performance and Montessori goals. The findings illustrate that significant challenges exist for teachers blending multiple educational goals but that professional development can aid teachers in filling in gaps in their existing curricula. This study encourages (1) researchers to question the ways in teachers can be supported through professional development to meet accountability measures and (2) stakeholders to consider how accountability measures focused solely on student performance can have detrimental effects on charter school curricula implementation and teacher retention. 相似文献