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研究板内的大变形与运动学是当今国际岩石圈计划和大陆动力学中的前沿研究课题。众所周知,青藏高原及其周缘是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞造山的结果,它在全球构造中占有特殊的地位,因而,中外地学科学家都把青藏高原视为研究地球动力学最好的地区之一。“八五”期间,国家自然科学基金资助的重点项目“滇川西部特提斯带构造变形与运动学研究”就选择了国际地学界的研究“热点”——藏东、滇西北为突破口。 相似文献
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中国大陆广泛分布强烈的板内变形和造山作用，传统的板块构造理论常常将其解释为板块边缘汇聚力的远程效应。然而，中国大陆的板内造山作用与汇聚板块边界之间缺乏可预期的动力学联系，不能简单地解释为大陆碰撞或板块俯冲的远程效应。本文提出另一种可供选择的解释，认为板内变形主要取决于岩石圈不均一性。相邻的板块拼合在一起形成统一板块之后，区域地质演化进入板内阶段。板块碰撞导致的岩石圈不均一性和重力不稳定性可以触发强烈的板内变形甚至造山作用，其延迟时间的长短取决于岩石圈不稳定性的程度和地球深部的热扰动。与板缘造山带相比，板内造山作用缺少板块俯冲．碰撞过程，板内造山带的演化历史相对简单，通常是以岩石圈拆沉作用开始，以地壳的垂向增生为特征，最后以岩石圈拆沉作用结束或形成重力不稳定岩石圈。因此，板内造山作用一般沿着古造山带发育。古造山带岩石圈结构低成熟度的特点不仅是岩石圈不稳定性的主要原因之一，而且由于挥发分和含矿元素的富集在活化过程中具有很强的成矿潜力。板内造山带的成矿作用依赖于深埋在岩石圈-软流圈系统不同深度水平上含矿流体的突然释放，主要发生在造山作用初始阶段和造山后伸展阶段。 相似文献
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利用ISC报告中 1 70 5 5 0条P波到时资料 (地震数为 1 2 5 0 0 ,台站数为 92 8个 ,且地震和台站都分布在研究区内 ) ,对东亚及西太平洋边缘海 ( 60°E～ 1 5 0°E ,1 0°S～ 60°N)的深至 30 0km的地壳上地幔三维速度结构进行了研究 ,分辨率达 2°× 2°.初步结果表明 :( 1 )在研究区域内东西两部分的岩石圈与上地幔低速带的结构有非常明显的差异 .横向上大体以 1 0 8°E为界 ,纵向上以 90km深度为界 ,东部与西部P波速度结构差异较大 .西部是岩石圈汇聚增厚区 ,东部是岩石圈拉张减薄区 .西部上地幔低速带不发育 ,东部低速带比西部厚 .( 2 )青藏高原地壳岩石圈巨厚 ,上地幔低速带不明显 .印度次大陆岩石圈板片以低角度下插到青藏高原之下 .( 3)日本海和菲律宾海地壳之下有高速体 ,可能是太平洋板块向东俯冲产生的 . 相似文献
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青藏高原东北缘是青藏高原向大陆内部扩展的前缘部位,该地区构造变形与地震活动显著,一直受到国内外地学家高度重视,是2008年汶川8．0级地震之后最有可能发生大震的地区之一。重力场变化对认识强烈地震孕育、发生和发展的深层过程具有独特的优势。重力场的时空动态变化能较好地反映深部物质运移与地壳密度变化等构造活动信息,重力场随时间变化与地震的形成和发展有着内在联系。 相似文献
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中国大陆热流分布特征及热-构造分区 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
根据中国大陆822个实测热流数据,研究了中国大陆主要构造单元的深部地热特征,包括40km深度的地温值、热岩石圈厚度、岩石圈累积强度和有效弹性层厚度(EET)等.结果显示,中国大陆热流的空间分布以及岩石圈热状态和流变学特征均表现出明显的横向非均匀性.这源于太平洋板块俯冲和印度-亚洲碰撞导致的新生代构造热活动.根据热流值和深部地热参数,中国大陆可以划分为东部、中部和西部三个大尺度热-构造区. 相似文献
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白苏 《大科技．科学之谜》2008,(7):28-29
1907年,美国芝加哥大学的一位教师开始做测定基本电荷的实验。他的设想是这样的：用喷雾器将水滴喷入两块水平的平行电极板之间,观察液滴的运动情况。先不给电极板加上电压,这时水滴在重力的作用下加速下降,下降过程中受到空气阻力和空气浮力的阻挠,加速度越来越小,最终,向下的重力与向上的阻力、浮力达到平衡,这时水滴将做匀速下降运动。 相似文献
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用皮尔逊检验分析年度地震趋势预测结果 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
使用皮尔逊检验方法 ,考虑不同地区的地震活动背景概率和地震及前兆监测能力的差异 ,除去监测能力很低的青藏高原地区 ,将中国大陆地区分成东部、西部、川滇等 3个区域 ,分别进行年度地震趋势预测效果的检验 .所得结果具有不同的特点 ,其中东部地区的概率增益和皮尔逊检验的置信水平明显高于另外 2个地区 ,表明在现有的年度地震趋势预测中 ,对地震活动性的认识仍占有相当重要的地位 . 相似文献
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青藏高原冰川资源及其分布特征 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
刘宗香苏珍姚檀栋王文悌邵文章 《资源科学》2000,22(5):49-52
在全部完成中国冰川编目的基础上,精确统计了青藏高原发育有现代冰川36793条,冰川面积49873.44km2,冰川冰储量4561.3857km3,分别占我国冰川总数的79.4%、84.0%和81.6%,是世界上中低纬度地区最大的现代冰川分区。青藏高原现代冰川主要分布在昆仑山、喜马拉雅山和喀喇昆仑山,其数量和规模占冰川总数的一半以上。由于气候和地形要素的不同组合,除念青唐古拉山和冈底斯山外,山脉北坡冰川在数量和规模上均大于南坡。青藏高原冰川形态类型齐全,悬冰川数量最多,占总数的39.3%;而大型的山谷冰川仅占高原总数的4.6%,但其面积和冰储量分别占高原总数的33.5%和48.6%。大型山谷冰川面积大于100km2的冰川有20条,喀喇昆仑山北坡的音苏盖提冰川长42km,冰川面积达379.97km2。青藏高原现代冰川折合成淡水约有39228×108m3,是青藏高原地表径流总量的10.8倍,是巨大的优质淡水资源。初步计算,每年可提供冰川融水504×108m3补给河流。青藏高原冰川水资源在各大水系的分布上不均匀,海洋性冰川区冰川融水径流模数远大于大陆性冰川区。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献