共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 145 毫秒
1.
李玲杰 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2006,(3):63-64
美国心理学家弗拉维尔提出关于元认知的概念仍是处在发展中的概念,元认知由三部分构成:元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控。加强元认知训练,重视元认知培养,有利于学生学习效率和学习质量的提高。 相似文献
2.
思维和学习领域中的元认知研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
元认知是个体对自己的认知加工过程的自我觉察、自我评价和自我调节。一系列研究表明元认知在概念形成、演绎推理、顿悟以及问题解决中都起着非常重要的作用；在学习领域所进行的一系列有关思维策略与元认知训练的对比实验，也进一步证实了进行元认知训练的可行性和必要性。在此基础上，笔提出了有利于元认知能力发展的“策略性知识六阶段课堂教学模式”，并对元学习能力做了深入探讨。 相似文献
3.
乔桂英 《山西大学师范学院学报》2005,4(3):131-132
元认知是对认知的认知，即个人关于他自己的认知过程和结果以及与之有关的任何事项的认知，包括元认知知识、元认知体验、元认知监控三部分内容。元认知在学习者的学习管理中发挥着重要的作用，是学习自我管理的理论基础。教师应帮助学生获得正确的元认知知识，加强元认知技能的训练，以培养学生的元认知能力。 相似文献
4.
元认知是美国心理学家弗拉维尔提出来的，它是指个体对自身认知过程的认识和意识，即对认知过程的再认识。元认知包括三种成分：元认知知识、元认知体验、元认知监控。具体到物理学科，元认知知识，即知道物理学习，包括慨念、规律、实验、方法、应用的几个方面的学习；元认知体验，具体表现为在学习前意识到自己在学习中可能成功或失败，在学习过程中意识到学习内容的难易程度和自己对学习内容的掌握程度等，在学习后则产生由成功或失败带来的喜悦、自信、效能感或焦虑、无力感等；元认知监控，具体表现为学生根据自己的能力水平、知识掌握程度、学习方式、学习内容的数量和难度、学习任务及要求等而制定出缜密的学习计划，采取有效的学习策略，积极地反馈，灵活地应用学习方法，使自己尽快达到学会学习的目的。 相似文献
5.
融入元认知策略 促进学生自主学习 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
杜丽娉 《涪陵师范学院学报》2005,21(5):36-37
元认知就是对认知的认知，是关于个人自己认知过程的知识和调节这些过程的能力，对思维和学习活动的知识和控制。通过对元认知的相关知识进行论述，进而重点探讨融入元认知策略于外语教学，从而促进学生自主学习。 相似文献
6.
7.
本文基于学者们对元认知和英语听力学习的研究,从丰富个体元认知知识、明确任务元认知知识和掌握策略元认知知识三个方面论述如何从元认知知识角度反思英语听力学习. 相似文献
8.
合作学习有利于加强学习者之间的交流互助,促进职业英语写作元认知知识习得及提高写作成绩。通过对顺德职业技术学院职业英语写作课堂的实证分析,结果表明,合作学习促进了学生职业英语写作元认知知识的主动建构,提高了建构效率,从而大大提升了学生职业英语写作水平。 相似文献
9.
近几年来，元认知理论在英语听力教学研究中受到重视，但鲜有学者对英语专业高级听力教学进行元认知方面的研究。对元认知理论框架下的英语专业高年级听力教学进行初步探讨，结合高级听力教学目标及特点，提出了一些有利于培养学生元认知意识，增加元认知知识，掌握元认知策略的有效方法。 相似文献
10.
元认知理论主要包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控三方面，这三者紧密相联，构成一个整体，其中元认知体验是元认知能力中最活跃的成份；用元认知理论来认识学习的过程，即学习过程并不仅仅是对所学的材料进行感知、记忆、理解、加工的认知过程，而且同时也是一个对该过程进行积极监控、调节的元认知过程。在化学教学中，要培养学生的元认知... 相似文献
11.
12.
Christina E. van Kraayenoord Wolfgang Erich Schneider 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1999,14(3):305-324
This study examined the reading achievement, metacognitive knowledge related to reading and memory, reading self-concept, and interest in reading of 140 German school students in Grades 3 and 4. The results indicated significant correlations between the metacognitive variables, motivational variables, and amongst metacognitive and motivational variables, as well as with reading achievement variables. The examination of good and poor readers showed significant differences in metacognitive knowledge of reading and memory, reading self-concept, interest in reading, and in teacher judgements of reading achievement between the groups. Differences between Grade 3 and 4 students were found in their word decoding skills, metacognitive knowledge about reading and memory, and teacher judgements of reading achievement. Results of the regression analysis indicated that reading achievement was predicted by grade level, word decoding, and teacher evaluations of reading achievement. The causal modelling indicated that motivation and metacognition affect reading comprehension in different ways. The findings are discussed in terms of future research and their educational implications. 相似文献
13.
The present study investigated whether text structure inference skill (i.e., the ability to infer overall text structure) has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension on top of the variance accounted for by sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. Furthermore, it was examined whether the unique predictive value of text structure inference skill differs between monolingual and bilingual Dutch students or students who vary in reading proficiency, reading fluency or linguistic knowledge levels. One hundred fifty-one eighth graders took tests that tapped into their expository text comprehension, sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge, metacognitive knowledge, and text structure inference skill. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that text structure inference skill has no unique predictive value for eighth graders’ expository text comprehension controlling for reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. However, text structure inference skill has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension in models that do not include both knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge as control variables, stressing the importance of these two cognitions for text structure inference skill. Moreover, the predictive value of text structure inference skill does not depend on readers’ language backgrounds or on their reading proficiency, reading fluency or vocabulary knowledge levels. We conclude our paper with the limitations of our study as well as the research and practical implications. 相似文献
14.
Piret Soodla Anna-Liisa Jõgi Eve Kikas 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2017,32(2):201-218
The study examined the relationships between teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies and their students’ metacognitive knowledge and reading comprehension. The study was carried out among language art teachers (N?=?34) and their students (N?=?534) in the last year of primary school (ninth grade) in Estonia. Multilevel modeling was used to test the hypotheses of relationships between students’ metacognitive knowledge and reading comprehension, while controlling for students’ previous reading comprehension (in eighth grade) as well as the relations between teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies and students’ metacognitive knowledge and comprehension. The results showed that students’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies related to their reading comprehension, concurring with previous findings. The main finding was that teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies significantly related to their students’ metacognitive knowledge, but not to reading comprehension. These results indicate that students’ reading comprehension may be supported by improving their metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of teachers’ metacognitive knowledge in students’ metacognitive knowledge. 相似文献
15.
Reading strategy use and motivation among Chinese good and poor readers in Hong Kong 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Eighty‐three good readers and 76 poor readers were compared on their ability to use reading strategies in Chinese reading comprehension and on various reading motivation variables. Poor readers scored lower than good readers in using all reading strategies, and especially in using sophisticated cognitive and metacognitive strategies. Poor readers also had lower intrinsic motivation in reading than had good readers. While the ability to use reading strategies had the strongest relation with reading comprehension, intrinsic motivation and strategy attribution might facilitate reading development through their positive relations with strategy use. Implications of these findings for implementing effective reading instruction in Hong Kong Chinese language teaching are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Expository text comprehension in secondary school: for which readers does knowledge of connectives contribute the most? 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Camille Welie Rob Schoonen Folkert Kuiken Huub van den Bergh 《Journal of Research in Reading》2017,40(Z1):S42-S65
- Connectives (words such as moreover, because and although) help the reader in establishing coherence between text parts.
- In primary school, for fifth graders, knowledge of connectives has been shown to be uniquely related to English text comprehension controlling for reading fluency and general vocabulary knowledge.
- For fifth graders, the relationship between knowledge of connectives and English text comprehension was higher for English‐only students than for their peers who learned English as a second language.
- The present study found that knowledge of connectives also has a unique relation with Dutch expository text comprehension for eighth graders above and beyond reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive knowledge (about text structure and reading and writing strategies).
- The relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension was not moderated by reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and language background (monolingual versus bilingual Dutch).
- Metacognitive knowledge did impact the relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension: the higher the metacognitive knowledge, the higher the association between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension.
- Secondary school readers are assumed to benefit from knowing connectives because these words are frequent in expository texts and signal relationships that students may often not infer without the help of these devices (i.e., with the use of background knowledge). This seems to apply in particular for expository texts that are intended to convey new information and relationships to students (see also Singer & O'Connell, 2003 ).
- We found a significant interaction between knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge, which seems to indicate that knowing more connectives does not help much in improving expository text comprehension when metacognitive knowledge about text structure and reading strategies is low. This result suggests that it may be wise to couple instruction on the meaning of connectives with instruction about the structure of expository texts and ways to strategically deal with these texts.
- More specifically, besides instruction on the meaning of connectives, we advise teachers in secondary school to get students to understand the importance of connectives as markers of local and global coherence in texts, and to teach them how to strategically use connectives during reading.
17.
何静 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2011,30(3):170-172
在外语阅读中元认知体现为对阅读活动的认知调节,即阅读监控。阅读监控是在元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知策略的作用和相互作用下进行的,其中,元认知知识和元认知策略起着最为核心的作用,元认知体验不直接参与对阅读活动的调节,只起着桥梁的作用。培养学生的元认知能力有助于提高学生自身的外语阅读水平。 相似文献
18.
This study explored the influence of reading media and reading time-frame on readers' on-task attention, metacognitive calibration, and reading comprehension. One hundred and forty undergraduates were allocated to one of four experimental conditions varying on the reading medium (in print vs. on screen) and on the reading time-frame (free vs. pressured time). Readers' mindwandering while reading, prediction of performance on a comprehension test, and their text comprehension were measured. In-print readers, but not on-screen readers, mindwandered less on the pressured than in the free time condition, indicating higher task adaptation in print. Accordingly, on-screen readers in the pressured condition comprehended less than the other three groups. Mindwandering and text comprehension were similar under free reading time regardless of medium. Lastly, there were no differences in readers’ metacognitive calibration. The results support the hypothesis of shallow information processing when reading on screen under time constraints. 相似文献
19.
Comprehension monitoring is conceptualized as a metacognitive process involving monitoring and control of ongoing discourse processing. The error-detection paradigm was used in an experiment in which 315 7th-, 9th-, and 11th-grade students of low-to-high reading ability monitored and controlled their reading as they searched three times through a text. Search One showed that although all readers failed to monitor many problems, monitoring at lexical, syntactic, and particularly semantic levels increased with age and reading ability. Monitoring for low-ability readers remained low at all three grades. Search Two showed an asymmetry in the effects of instruction to search for errors, and some students exhibited constraints on monitoring and control. Finally, Search Three showed that some students had knowledge necessary to monitor more errors but failed to apply that knowledge to the text. 相似文献
20.
Over the years, the multiple intelligences theory (MIT) proposed by Howard Gardner has renewed interest in learners’ use of effective learning strategies and produced interesting results. This MIT-oriented study investigated the role of successful L2 readers’ multiple intelligences in their effective use of reading strategies. To this end, a TOEFL reading comprehension test was administered to a cohort of 135 English as a foreign language students at several universities in the southwest and centre of Iran, and 80 students were identified as successful L2 readers based on the ETS rating scale and their TOEFL scores. Then, they answered an MI questionnaire originally developed by Armstrong and a reading strategies inventory adapted by Singhal. The data were quantitatively analysed using correlations and multiple regressions. The results revealed that linguistic, logical–mathematical and intrapersonal intelligences were the good L2 readers’ most dominant intelligences, while bodily intelligence was the least common type. In addition, they mostly employed metacognitive and cognitive strategies but rarely drew upon affective and compensation strategies while reading. Further, there was a significant positive relationship between linguistic, logical–mathematical, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal intelligences and the use of metacognitive and cognitive reading strategies. Similar relationships were also found between linguistic intelligence and the participants’ use of memory strategy, on one hand, and between interpersonal intelligence and compensation and social strategy use, on the other. Importantly, linguistic and intrapersonal intelligences as well as metacognitive and cognitive strategy use were shown to be the best predictors of reading comprehension. Finally, the theoretical or pedagogical implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献