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英语的主谓一致有三个基本原则。A．语法一致的原则。即主语是单数,谓语为单数,主语若为复数,谓语亦为复数。B。意义一致的原则。即根据主语的意义,而不是形式,决定谓语的数。C．邻近一致的原则。即谓语要与最邻近的那个主谓一致。三个原则中,最主要的是语法一致的原则,而语法一致原则中的关键是分清楚一些名词或相当于名词的词作主语时究竟是作单数还是作复数看待。 相似文献
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“们”的语法特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
“们”作为表复数意义的语素,其功能是构形,它与名词结构组合构成复数形式,这类名词既包括指人的名词,也包括指物的名词。“们”在组合关系和句法功能上有一些不同于其他构形虚语素的语法特征,文章对此进行了分析。 相似文献
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英语中主语和谓语在人称和数一致的问题上一般遵循三条原则:形式一致原则,意义一致原则,就近原则.
一、形式一致原则
1.可数名词单数和不可数名词独立作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式;可数名词复数或两个及以上的不可数名词并列作主语时谓语动词应用复数;在实际运用中要找准主语,才能正确判断谓语动词的数. 相似文献
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主谓一致是英语完全不同于汉语的一种语言现象,因而成了许多英语学习者的一个难关。主谓一致指的是主语和谓语动词之间在"人称"和"数"的方面的一致关系。处理主谓一致问题有三条原则,即：语法一致,语义一致,和就近一致原则。下面将逐一分述。 I．语法一致 语法一致是指谓语动词和主语在语法形式上取得一致,这主要表现在"数"的形式上,即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。有下列几种具体情况： A．如果名词中心词是复数,动词就该用复数形式;如果名词中心词不是复数,而是单数名词或不可数名词,动词便用单… 相似文献
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本文从标记理论讨论了英汉名词复数的构成及其对应关系.汉语光杆名词语义所指宽泛,无形态上的一致要求,因此具有非标记性.英语名词复数在形态标示,语义指称范围方面都有严格的句法制约,因此具有标记性质.英汉名词复数表征差异体现了"英语重形合、汉语重意合"的论断. 相似文献
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维吾尔语存在两种类型的人称一致关系。即主谓之间的人称一致和领属结构中领属性代词和被领属的名词之间的人称一致．这些一致关系中一致性标记的句法地位的研究在形态学和句法学研究中具有十分重要的地位．而认为句子层面和名词短语层面都存在类似的人称一致关系这一语言事实,为论证名词短语和句子之间的平行性提供了又一证据。维吾尔语两种人称一致关系中人称一致性标记在各自所在的句法结构中起着中心语的作用,因而其结构图式可以按照X’理论的模式来进行描写。但是,在一致关系中,决定一致关系的控制语往往并不是句法上的中心语,而是指示语、主语、先行词这样一些成分。因此关于一致关系的句法和语义的复杂性还有待于进一步深入讨论。 相似文献
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王津京 《语文学刊:高等教育版》2018,(4)
现代汉语复数标记"们"和现代蒙古语复数标记不同,汉语"们"用于代词或指人名词后,一般排斥指物名词和其他名词;蒙古语复数附加成分不受此限制,这和两种语言名词的生命度有很大的关系。采用对比研究的方法,从生命度角度分析现代汉、蒙语言复数标记的差异并从复数标记的来源、文字体制、语言认知角度分析了其中的原因。 相似文献
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Isabelle Negro Lucile Chanquoy 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2000,15(2):113-133
In French, a verb always agrees in number with its subject. The agreement rule is regularly applied. However, in specific conditions, agreement errors occur. These errors consist in agreeing the verb with the local noun, instead of with the first occurring noun, which is the subject, when two nouns differing in number precede the verb. Currently, one of the most powerful hypotheses to explain this kind of errors suggests that subject-verb agreement errors result from a temporary overload in working memory. In this regard, a developmental study, combined with an analysis of the differences between tenses of the French indicative has been led. We hypothesized a decrease of agreement errors with children’s grades and that the agreement with the imperfect tense may have a lesser cognitive cost than the agreement with the present. The objective of this work was thus to study the management of subject-verb agreement in children from 2nd to 7th grades (between the age of 7 and 12), for the present and the imperfect. The results confirmed that the imperfect is acquired more rapidly than the present. The cognitive cost of the agreement would be lower with the imperfect than with the present. These data were analyzed in the framework of the knowledge development model proposed by Anderson (1983). 相似文献
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根据中介语理论,二语学习者使用的既不是母语语法,也不完全是第二语言语法,而是处于过渡状态中的中介语语法。就中介语语法中的复数标记而言,中国英语学习者在遇到名词前有形容词修饰时,倾向于省略复数标记／s／;而在遇到某个名词单数复数同形时,或不确定是否名词单复数同形时,倾向于使用单数形式;另外,中学生的名词复数正确使用率高于大学一、二年级的非英语专业学生。 相似文献
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Recent studies have shown that many subject-verb agreement errors consist of making the verb agree with the immediately preceding noun, as in The smell of the rubbish-bins are foul. Assuming that it is the automaticity of the agreement operation which is responsible for these attraction errors in expert writers, the present studies aimed at demonstrating the gradual automatization of this operation in young writers by examining developmental changes in the occurrence of agreement errors. In three experiments we found that subjects' performance moves from systematic errors in number agreement in young children (e.g., no use of plural marks) to attraction errors in fifth graders and older adults through an intermediate phase characterized by an attention-demanding and easily disrupted computation of verb agreement displayed by some second graders. Attraction errors are a byproduct of the automatization of the implementation of the agreement process. 相似文献
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钱星 《和田师范专科学校学报》2009,28(3):239-239
本文通过描写察合台维吾尔语名词的复数的复数形式,使用特点,以及与之相关的复数人称代词的用法,为察合台维吾尔语学习和研究提供参考． 相似文献
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根据英语一致性的特点,指出一致性中充当主语的成份同其形式、意义及其中心词与动词之间的距离有关,并且随着社会、文化、方言的变化而发生一些变化。 相似文献
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In written French, the acquisition of the nominal plural (-s) occurs earlier and faster than the acquisition of the verbal plural (-nt) (Totereau, Thevenin & Fayol, 1997, Learning to Spell). The reasons for this difference are not well known. The objective of the present research is to test two alternative hypotheses, which may provide an account of this difference by exploiting a particularity of written French: The agreement of adjectives. According to the first hypothesis, the nominal plural is acquired before the verbal plural because it is semantically grounded, unlike the latter. According to the second, the early emergence of noun agreements is due to the fact that -s occurs more consistently than -nt. These two hypotheses lead to different predictions, that can be tested empirically, with regard to the agreement of adjectives. These predictions were studied in three experiments using sentences recall or completion tasks presented to children from 7 to 10 years old. The results confirm the semantic hypothesis but reveal an impact of consistency on performance. 相似文献
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丁钢全 《广东广播电视大学学报》2004,13(4):63-67
在最高人民法院2003年9月颁布的《关于适用简易程序审理民事案件的若干规定》中，首次确立了我国程序选择权制度。但如果没有程序协议制度的辅助，程序选择权制度的实行将使司法实践无所适从或者问题丛生。为此，本文提出了创立程序协议制度的主张，界定了程序协议的概念和性质，从理论上论述了创立程序协议制度是程序选择权的内在要求，是规范和保障当事人程序选择权的有效措施，是当事人诉讼地位强化的实质性标志等观点，并对程序协议制度的立法内容提出了自己的构想。 相似文献
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现代汉语在句法上没有主谓/谓宾一致性的强制要求,但在语义上有此要求,即数的一致性假设:必有论元和事件论元在数上须一致,可有论元不能少于必有论元。为了证明以上假设的普遍适用性,需要对数重新考察:区分实体参与事件的内部方式和外部方式,在此基础上进一步细分事件类型;以根据事件类型确定的最小量为参照点确定名词性成分的数值,并对数的一致性假设进行反证。 相似文献
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Subjects of verbs in English sentences may be indicated by any one of a number of cues. In some cases, the subject of the verb is determined by semantic constraints, as when the verb requires an animate noun phrase as subject; in other cases the subject is determined by syntactic factors, as in the case of third person singular verb markers; and, as is commonly the case in informal language, the most immediately preceding noun phrase is the subject of the verb. These three types of cues, semantic (here described as extensional), syntactic (here labeled intensional), and adjacency are investigated in a series of tests of sentence comprehension using university undergraduates as subjects.The results of these experiments show that when the adjacency strategy does not apply, even these highly literate native speakers have great difficulty in correctly comprehending subject-verb correspondences.These results are discussed in the context of the relationship between intensional linguistic processing and literacy. 相似文献