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1.
《International Journal of Educational Research》1994,21(6):653-664
The establishment and management of standards is at the heart of professional education and certification. Usually paper and pencil tests are not sufficient and further evidence must be collected by observing and judging instances of professional performance. The normative methods that have served as defaults for this purpose are devoid of competence specifics. For some years now a few professional associations have been using probabilistic conjoint measurement as the means for developing, applying and maintaining their standards. This chapter describes how this has been done and how well it has worked in practice. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Research》1994,21(6):611-622
This chapter is a collection of four studies applying probabilistic models to problems outside of education. Denmark's Allerup, Bech, and Loldrup present the calibration of the Visual Analogue Scale, used for measuring pain, and the use of this scale for measuring the reductions in pain brought about via the administration of three different treatments. Alvarez and Bañegil's study is a calibration of the criteria by which implementation of Just In Time and Total Quality Management techniques are recognized in Spain. Styles tests the assertion of sociologist O.D. Duncan that the reason for low correlations between measures of attitude and behaviour may be because these variables may not involve separate constructs but simply differing amounts of the same construct. Her conjoint measurement study of data from an Australian survey shows just how much harder it is to do than to say. Finally, from Israel, Tenenbaum presents the results of two studies involving the relationship of anxiety to performance among athletes, showing that commonly used instruments do not produce data of the consistency needed for fit to probabilistic conjoint measurement models in these applications. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Research》1994,21(6):569-577
One of the major problems in assessment and evaluation is that different people rate the same performance with varying degrees of severity. Individual raters vary the severity of their ratings in a manner dependent upon a wide array of factors. Most efforts intended to secure reliable and valid ratings across judges assume that the goal is to obtain identical ratings from different judges for the same performance. In contrast to these approaches, probabilistic conjoint measurement facilitates observation and calibration of differences in judge severity, making it possible to account for these differences in the interpretation of the assigned ratings. This chapter addresses issues in the application of Facets analyses to writing assessment, aesthetic judgment, and the evaluation of public speaking ability. 相似文献
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Bernard P. Veldkamp 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2016,53(2):212-228
Many standardized tests are now administered via computer rather than paper‐and‐pencil format. The computer‐based delivery mode brings with it certain advantages. One advantage is the ability to adapt the difficulty level of the test to the ability level of the test taker in what has been termed computerized adaptive testing (CAT). A second advantage is the ability to record not only the test taker's response to each item (i.e., question), but also the amount of time the test taker spends considering and answering each item. Combining these two advantages, various methods were explored for utilizing response time data in selecting appropriate items for an individual test taker. Four strategies for incorporating response time data were evaluated, and the precision of the final test‐taker score was assessed by comparing it to a benchmark value that did not take response time information into account. While differences in measurement precision and testing times were expected, results showed that the strategies did not differ much with respect to measurement precision but that there were differences with regard to the total testing time. 相似文献
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Shiyu Wang Haiyan Lin Hua‐Hua Chang Jeff Douglas 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2016,53(1):45-62
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and multistage testing (MST) have become two of the most popular modes in large‐scale computer‐based sequential testing. Though most designs of CAT and MST exhibit strength and weakness in recent large‐scale implementations, there is no simple answer to the question of which design is better because different modes may fit different practical situations. This article proposes a hybrid adaptive framework to combine both CAT and MST, inspired by an analysis of the history of CAT and MST. The proposed procedure is a design which transitions from a group sequential design to a fully sequential design. This allows for the robustness of MST in early stages, but also shares the advantages of CAT in later stages with fine tuning of the ability estimator once its neighborhood has been identified. Simulation results showed that hybrid designs following our proposed principles provided comparable or even better estimation accuracy and efficiency than standard CAT and MST designs, especially for examinees at the two ends of the ability range. 相似文献
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Computerized adaptive testing in instructional settings 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
R. Edwin Welch Theodore W. Frick 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1993,41(3):47-62
Item response theory (IRT) has most often been used in research on computerized adaptive testing (CAT). Depending on the model
used, IRT requires between 200 and 1,000 examinees for estimating item parameters. Thus, it is not practical for instructional
designers to develop their own CAT based on the IRT model. Frick improved Wald's sequential probability ratio test (SPRT)
by combining it with normative expert systems reasoning, referred to as an EXSPRT-based CAT. While previous studies were based
on re-enactments from historical test data, the present study is the first to examine how well these adaptive methods function
in a real-time testing situation. Results indicate that the EXSPRT-I significantly reduced test lengths and was highly accurate
in predicting mastery. EXSPRT is apparently a viable and practical alternative to IRT for assessing mastery of instructional
objectives. 相似文献
7.
杨汉祥 《赣南师范学院学报》1988,(Z2)
本文在简述电磁场数值分析的一种主要方法——有限元法原理的基础上,结合解题实例,就如何对场域进行剖分,以及用计算机对有限元方程求解等一些具体问题进行了探讨,用FORTRAN语言编制了解题程序,并在IBM—PC机上运行通过。 相似文献
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《教育实用测度》2013,26(3):223-231
Emerging areas of research, related to computer-based testing, are identified. Computer-based adaptive testing (CAT) poses many problems, including calibrating adaptive tests with their conventional counterparts, content-balancing in item selection, and accommodating multidimensional items. Using the computer to administer tests provides freedom to use many new item types, including tests of short-term memory, spatial memory, perceptual speed and accuracy, and movement judgment. Information processing theory offers a new way of conceptualizing abilities that is not easily reconciled with traditional measurement models. 相似文献
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人工智能技术近年来得到了广泛应用,并且具备巨大发展潜力。离散数学作为计算机专业的基础课,与人工智能之间存在着密切联系,探讨在人工智能技术飞速发展的时代背景下如何更好地开展离散数学教学工作。介绍人工智能技术发展现状,突出离散数学与计算机专业课程的联系,重视实例探讨,让学生更多地参与到教学活动中。通过教学改革,可以激发学生学习兴趣,提升学生动手实践能力,提高教学效果,为后续计算机专业课程学习奠定基础。 相似文献
11.
邹青春 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2010,30(4):11-12
随着网络科技的快速发展和社会对高学历人才的需要,远程开放教育已经成为人们继续教育的重要途径,而随着远程开放教育规模的扩大和开放教育主体的变化,计算机专业实践教学环节的实施过程不规范,实践教学质量不高,在此形势下,如何保证实践教学环节的规范实施,如何提高计算机专业实践教学质量,是开放教育工作者必须面对并思考的问题。 相似文献
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随着计算机技术的发展,计算机软件与数学的结合也越来越紧密,利用计算机技术并结合数学的理论来解决实际问题也成为高职数学教育的目标。文章从高职类学生的基本情况出发,结合高职数学教学的现状,以高职机电类专业为例,探究了如何将数学实验融入数学教学中,努力实现创新型、应用型的人才培养目标。 相似文献
13.
如何正确的预测评价计算机教学水平与计算机等级考试通过率关系的问题,一直是从事计算机教学水平质量研究者长期研究探讨的问题之一。本文利用模糊多目标评价方法,结合专家经验,构建了计算机教学水平与计算机等级考试通过率评价数学模型,并通过多年评价实验,证实了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
14.
基于Internet的自适应测试系统的设计和开发 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
目前Internet的普及为学习提供了一个广泛而且便利的新途径，作者提出了一个基于Internet的网上自适应测试系统的设计方案，并创建了一个自适应测试的环境。本文介绍了该系统的总体设计框架，并介绍了自适应测试的原理及实现思路。 相似文献
15.
魏红 《甘肃广播电视大学学报》2004,14(2):28-30
随着计算机技术的发展，将计算机应用于会计领域已在我国得到了推广、普及，但在我国会计电算化的实施过程中还存在许多问题，本文就如何加强会计电算化的措施进行了讨论。 相似文献
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高校计算机机房管理探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
唐西西 《中国现代教育装备》2011,(3):70-72
高校计算机机房的管理和维护是高校相关部门面临的一个较为广泛的问题,本文根据实际工作经验,从各个方面对问题的解决进行了相关探讨和总结,就如何提高高校计算机机房的管理和维护水平提出了一些方法和建议。 相似文献
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刘海蓉 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2009,(5):120-121
传统的教学理念已逐渐显露出其固有的弊端,新课程改革对计算机教学提出了较高的要求。针对新课程改革在计算机教学实施中出现的一些问题和现象做出分析,提出了防治的基本措施,如制定相关的教学整体改革方案,更新课程体系,改进教学手段和方法,充实和加强实践性教学环节,采取行之有效的课堂教学评价等,才能促进教学,使新课程改革真正落到实处。 相似文献