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1.
目的:观察补充蛋白质对骨骼肌细胞骨架desmin和vimentin免疫染色的影响,研究蛋白质对运动性骨骼肌微结构损伤的保护作用。方法:雄性SD大鼠100只按补充安慰剂、大豆分离蛋白,运动与不运动,以及运动后即刻、12 h、24 h和48 h等不同时间随机分为10组,所有动物膳食平衡1 w后进行实验。运动组大鼠以(20±1)m/min的速度,坡度为-16°,持续性跑台训练120 min。实验组和对照组所有动物在膳食平衡期间每天分别灌胃15%大豆分离蛋白2 ml和等量的纯净水。结果:补充大豆分离蛋白可减轻大鼠离心运动后骨骼肌细胞骨架desmin免疫染色的丢失,增强vimentin免疫染色。  相似文献   

2.
目的 观察补充活性肽对大鼠骨骼肌肝细胞生长因子表达的影响,研究活性肽促进运动性骨骼肌微损伤修复的机制.方法雄性SD大鼠40只随机分为补充安慰剂安静组、运动组和补充活性肽安静组、运动组,所有动物膳食平衡1 w后,进行实验.运动组大鼠以20±1m/min的速度,坡度为-16°,持续性跑台训练120min.实验组和对照组所有动物在膳食平衡期间每天分别进行灌胃15%活性肽饮料2ml和等量的安慰剂.结果运动可刺激骨骼肌卫星细胞的激活和肝细胞生长因子的表达,而补充活性肽可能对肌卫星细胞的激活有正性作用,可显著增加大鼠离心运动后骨骼肌肝细胞生长因子的表达.  相似文献   

3.
目的:通过测试萎缩骨骼肌细胞Caspase-3、SOD活性和MDA含量,观察补充扇贝肽对运动大鼠停训导致骨骼肌萎缩后肌细胞Caspase-3活性及其抗氧化能力的影响,研究扇贝肽对停训后骨骼肌萎缩的干预作用。方法:40只SD雄性大鼠以15 m/min的速度,持续性水平跑台训练30 min开始进行递增负荷运动,运动6 d/周,休息1 d/周,速度递增3 m/min/周,时间递增30 min/周,运动3周后即刻处死10只大鼠为基础对照组,其余大鼠随机分组为补充安慰剂阴性对照组、补充牛乳阳性对照组和补充扇贝肽实验组,30只大鼠左侧后肢实施石膏固定模拟停训模型,并进行扇贝肽补充实验。实验组和对照组所有动物每天分别进行灌胃15%扇贝肽饮料2mL、等量的安慰剂和牛乳。结果:发现补充扇贝肽可显著减低停训后萎缩骨骼肌细胞MDA含量增加,增加SOD活性,提高细胞内抗氧化能力,可显著抑制停训后萎缩骨骼肌细胞Caspase-3的活性,从而抑制骨骼肌收缩蛋白和结构蛋白的降解,促进萎缩骨骼肌的恢复。  相似文献   

4.
目的:通过观察补充海洋肽对骨骼肌细胞骨架蛋白desmin表达的影响,研究补充海洋肽影响运动性骨骼肌损伤修复的机制.方法:72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组、运动对照组、运动+大豆蛋白对照组和运动+海洋肽实验组,进行6周每周5天的-5°下坡间歇跑训练,速度从20.0 m/min增加到35.0 m/min,每次10～20 min.6周后,大鼠在1次高强度离心运动后即刻、24 h和48 h处死,取股中肌进行免疫印迹法检测desmin表达量的变化,并取血测血清CK总活性.结果:补充海洋肽和大豆蛋白均可增加desmin蛋白表达量,而且海洋肽增加运动后desmin蛋白表达的量明显优于大豆蛋白.补充海洋肽和大豆蛋白均明显减低CK蛋白从骨骼肌细胞中逸漏出,降低血清CK水平.而且,海洋肽对运动后血清CK的恢复明显早于大豆蛋白.结论:补充海洋肽可维护大鼠高强度离心运动后骨骼肌微结构的完整,促进运动后骨骼肌微结构损伤的修复.  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察补充烟酸对大鼠运动性骨骼肌损伤(EIMD)的影响。方法:成年大鼠90只随机等分为对照组(Cs)和烟酸组(Es),各组又分安静对照组、运动后即刻组、运动后24h、运动后48 h及运动后72 h组。运动方式:18 m/min,-16°,120 min。烟酸灌胃(10 mg/kg)每日1次至动物宰杀。腹主动脉血测肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,比目鱼肌观察形态学变化及组蛋白去乙酰化酶1(SIRT1)、p65和20 S蛋白水解酶蛋白表达。结果:烟酸补充可减轻大鼠EIMD各时相点骨骼肌大量炎症灶的百分率,升高运动后即刻SIRT1水平及降低p65表达,对各时相点20 S蛋白水解酶及血清CK和LDH影响不明显。结论:烟酸通过上调骨骼肌SIRT1及降低p65表达,改善非力竭性EIMD炎症过程,但不影响20 S蛋白水解酶表达及血清CK和LDH水平。  相似文献   

6.
研究目的：观察活性肽对离心运动后骨骼肌微损伤及修复的营养干预效果。研究方法：以大鼠离心运动为模型，分别观察补蛋白和补肽对运动后各相关指标的变化情况。研究结果：1）补肽比补蛋白对运动引起的骨骼肌微细结构和超微结构的异常变化具有更好的抑制作用且对其恢复具有更好的促进作用；2）补大豆蛋白和大豆活性肽都可减轻抗结蛋白抗体染色脱染和增加抗波形蛋由抗体对波形蛋白的免疫反应分值的现象，但大豆活性肽的作用效果更佳；3）运动后，血清CK活性和MDA含量升高，CK在运动后24h达峰值，48h以后逐渐开始恢复，MDA在运动后24h达峰值，72h以后才逐渐开始恢复，但CK和MDA的变化没有相关性，补肽在24h左右就能抑制运动后CK活性的升高，在48h左右就能抑制运动后MDA的升高，而补蛋白在运动后72hCK和MDA的水平还不能恢复；4）运动后，尿3-MH含量急剧上升并在即刻达峰值，48h以后开始恢复，补肽比补蛋白对运动引起的尿3-MH含量升高的抑制作用更佳，且对其运动后的恢复具有更好的促进作用；5）运动后即刻骨骼肌β葡萄糖苷酸酶含量急剧上升并达峰值，直至运动后72h仍没能恢复，运动后骨骼肌G6PDH含量明显上升，在运动后24h达峰值，直至运动后72h仍不能恢复，甚至还稍有上升；补大豆多肽能显著降低运动引起炎症反应两种标志酶升高的作用，但补蛋白对其变化的影响不明显。结论：研究揭示了活性肽对运动性骨骼肌微损伤和修复有很好的营养干预作用，其机制主要体现在促进运动后微损伤的修复方面。  相似文献   

7.
研究目的:研究补充牛磺酸对离心运动后骨骼肌超微结构损伤程度、血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和肌细胞浆Ca2+浓度的影响,探讨牛磺酸在减轻离心运动后骨骼肌损伤方面的作用.对象:成年雄性SD大鼠72只,方法:对照实验研究,随机将大鼠分为安静对照组和补水运动组、补牛磺酸运动组两个运动组,再按照动物取材时间将运动组分为运动后即刻组、24 h组、48 h组和72 h组,补牛磺酸组大鼠每日按400mg/kg灌胃一次牛磺酸溶液.两周后大鼠进行一次性下坡跑运动,速度为16 m/min,坡度为-16°,运动时间为120 min.主要观察指标:动物处死后电镜下观察比目鱼肌纤维Z线、测定血清丙二醛(MDA)和肌细胞浆内Ca2+浓度.结果:(1)补充牛磺酸运动组电镜下肌纤维损伤程度减轻,Z线异常,百分率显著低于补水运动组(P<0.05);(2)补充牛磺酸运动组血清MDA含量和肌细胞浆Ca2+浓度显著低于补水运动组 (P<0.05).结论:(1)高强度离心运动后EIMD的发生与自由基生成增多,胞浆钙超载有关;(2)补充牛磺酸能够抑制脂质过氧化反应,降低胞浆钙离了浓度,减轻骨骼肌损伤程度.  相似文献   

8.
目的:观察艾灸足三里预处理对大鼠一次性离心运动后骨骼肌组织的保护作用.方法:雄性SD大鼠,随机分为安静对照组、单纯运动组、艾灸运动组.艾灸运动组实施单侧足三里悬灸,左右交替,时间为1周.1周后,单纯运动组、艾灸运动组大鼠在小动物跑台上进行一次性力竭性离心运动,安静对照组不运动.运动结束后,分别在运动后即刻、24 h、48 h、72 h取材,观察骨骼肌形态结构和抗氧化指标的变化.结果:骨骼肌组织形态结构,镜下观察艾灸运动组运动后各时相骨骼肌结构损伤程度明显轻于单纯运动组,运动后72 h损伤基本修复.艾灸运动组运动后即刻、24 h和48 h血清SOD和MDA明显低于运动组相同时相,骨骼肌SOD活性明显高于运动组相同时相,呈显著性差异(P<0.05);而骨骼肌MDA含量明显低于运动组相同时相,呈显著性差异(P<0.05);艾灸运动组血清、骨骼肌SOD活性和MDA含量与安静对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05).运动组运动后即刻、24 h和48 h血清SOD活性升高,骨骼肌SOD活性却降低,而血清、骨骼肌MDA含量增高,与其他两组比较均呈显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:艾灸足三里预处理可减轻大鼠一次性离心运动后骨骼肌结构的损伤程度,提高大鼠运动的耐受能力,减轻运动时应激反应和自由基的产生,从而缩短了骨骼肌损伤的修复时程.  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨负重训练和补充大豆多肽干预大鼠骨骼肌衰老过程的作用效果.方法:56只雄性SD大鼠随机分为7组:成年组,模型组,D-半乳糖小负重组,D-半乳糖大负重组,D-半乳糖补肽组,D-半乳糖补肽小负重组,D-半乳糖补肽大负重组.6周后处死大鼠,制作冰冻切片,测试血清以及骨骼肌各项指标.结果:与成年组相比,模型组大鼠体重和每日摄食量分别呈现升高和下降的趋势,负重和补肽可以在一定程度上缓解两种趋势,但都无统计学意义;模型组大鼠骨骼肌细胞出现萎缩和退行性改变等衰老的迹象,负重和补肽可以在一定程度上减轻这种现象;模型组大鼠血清SOD、SOD/MDA比值和骨骼肌总蛋白含量显著低于成年组,血清MDA显著高于成年组,运动和营养干预各组显著逆转这种趋势,并有明显的交互作用;与成年组相比,模型组大鼠骨骼肌脂褐素含量显著升高,负重或补肽可以一定程度上缓解或逆转这种趋势,两种具有明显的交互作用.结论:负重训练或补充大豆多肽均可以有效的预防大鼠骨骼肌衰老过早的出现,两种方式联合运用效果更为明显.  相似文献   

10.
跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌mTOR mRNA 和蛋白表达的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
目的:mTOR信号调控骨骼肌蛋白翻译过程,本研究旨在探讨耐力运动对骨骼肌mTOR蛋白表达的影响.方法:SD大鼠分为运动组和对照组.运动组大鼠进行跑台坡度5°,上坡跑,速度20m/min,60min/次的跑台运动后12 h,采用RT-PCR方法测定腓肠肌mTOR mRNA,westerm blot测定mTOR蛋白的表达.结果:1次急性运动后大鼠骨骼肌mTOR mRNA和蛋白表达显著上升(P<0.05),4周持续耐力运动后大鼠骨骼肌mTOR mRNA和蛋白表达显著上升(P<0.05).结论:耐力运动后骨骼肌mTOR表达上升,提示mTOR可能参与肌肉生长对运动适应的调控.  相似文献   

11.
本文研究急性运动后糖皮质激素(GC)分泌增多对大鼠心、肾细胞糖皮质激素受体(GR)及Na~+-K~+-ATP 酶的影响,结果表明,无负荷游泳后造成 GR 的适度减少,伴有对 Na~+-K~+-ATP 酶的诱导加强,其发生可分别被 Trilostane 和 RU_(A86)抑制;6%体重负荷游泳1h 后,出现 GR 过度减少并伴有血浆 GC 对靶细胞 Na~+-K~+-ATP 酶诱导抑制,提示靶细胞对 GC 抵抗。本文提出运动时 GR 过度下降是限制机体运动能力的一个重要因素。  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

This study was undertaken to examine the acute effect of interferential current on mechanical pain threshold and isometric peak torque after delayed onset muscle soreness induction in human hamstrings. Forty-one physically active healthy male volunteers aged 18?33 years were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: interferential current group (n = 21) or placebo group (n = 20). Both groups performed a bout of 100 isokinetic eccentric maximal voluntary contractions (10 sets of 10 repetitions) at an angular velocity of 1.05 rad · s?1 (60° · s?1) to induce muscle soreness. On the next day, volunteers received either an interferential current or a placebo application. Treatment was applied for 30 minutes (4 kHz frequency; 125 μs pulse duration; 80?150 Hz bursts). Mechanical pain threshold and isometric peak torque were measured at four different time intervals: prior to induction of muscle soreness, immediately following muscle soreness induction, on the next day after muscle soreness induction, and immediately after the interferential current and placebo application. Both groups showed a reduction in isometric torque (P < 0.001) and pain threshold (P < 0.001) after the eccentric exercise. After treatment, only the interferential current group showed a significant increase in pain threshold (P = 0.002) with no changes in isometric torque. The results indicate that interferential current was effective in increasing hamstrings mechanical pain threshold after eccentric exercise, with no effect on isometric peak torque after treatment.  相似文献   

13.
硒对不同训练状态小鼠抗氧化功能的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
郭建军 《体育科学》1999,19(3):74-77
研究结果表明:安静状态下脂质过氧化反应程度最小,显示不出硒营养的必要性。随着运动激烈程度的增加,脂质过氧化反应程度增加,硒抑制脂质过氧化反应的作用越来越明显:长期训练状态显现出“适宜”硒水平抑制脂质过氧化反应的显著性作用和缺硒损害机体抗氧化功能的不良作用,但未表现出补硒的明显作用。在脂质过氧化反应最激烈的急性运动后恢复期只有补硒水平的硒才显著抑制了脂质过氧化反应。  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

It is not known if ergogenic effects of caffeine ingestion in athletic groups occur in the sedentary. To investigate this, we used a counterbalanced, double-blind, crossover design to examine the effects of caffeine ingestion (6 mg · kg?1 body-mass) on exercise performance, substrate utilisation and perceived exertion during 30 minutes of self-paced stationary cycling in sedentary men. Participants performed two trials, one week apart, after ingestion of either caffeine or placebo one hour before exercise. Participants were instructed to cycle as quickly as they could during each trial. External work (J · kg?1) after caffeine ingestion was greater than after placebo (P = 0.001, effect size [ES] = 0.3). Further, heart rate, oxygen uptake and energy expenditure during exercise were greater after caffeine ingestion (P = 0.031, ES = 0.4; P = 0.009, ES = 0.3 and P = 0.018, ES = 0.3; respectively), whereas ratings of perceived exertion and respiratory exchange ratio values did not differ between trials (P = 0.877, ES = 0.1; P = 0.760, ES = 0.1; respectively). The ability to do more exercise after caffeine ingestion, without an accompanying increase in effort sensation, could motivate sedentary men to participate in exercise more often and so reduce adverse effects of inactivity on health.  相似文献   

15.
牛磺酸和耐力训练对力竭运动大鼠脑组织的保护作用   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  
采用游泳训练或在饮水中补充牛磺酸 (浓度为 1% )的方法 ,观察牛磺酸或耐力训练对大鼠跑台运动至力竭时脑组织自由基代谢的影响。结果表明 :补充牛磺酸或耐力训练能延长大鼠运动至力竭的时间 (P >0 0 5 ) ;力竭运动使大鼠脑组织MDA显著增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,SOD活性和GSH含量显著下降 (P <0 0 1) ;补充牛磺酸或四周的耐力训练都可以显著降低力竭运动大鼠脑组织脂质过氧化水平 ,显著提高其SOD活性和GSH含量 (P <0 0 1) ;耐力训练的同时补充牛磺酸不仅可以改善脑组织自由基代谢的有关指标 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而且显著延长大鼠运动至力竭的时间 (P <0 0 5 )。本研究提示 ,牛磺酸和耐力训练对力竭运动大鼠脑组织具有保护作用。  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

To quantify the effects of adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia on running performance, we randomized 29 trained male hockey and soccer players in double-blind fashion to altitude or placebo groups for 15 days of daily use of a functional or placebo hypoxic re-breathing device. Each day's exposure consisted of alternately breathing stale and fresh air for 6 and 4 min respectively over 1 h. Oxygen saturation was monitored with pulse oximeters and progressively reduced in the hypoxia group (90% on Day 1, 77% on Day 15; equivalent to altitudes of ～3600–6000 m above sea level). Performance tests were an incremental run to maximum speed followed by six maximal-effort running sprints; tests were performed 1 day before, 3 days after, and 12 days after the 15-day treatment. Relative to placebo, at 3 days post treatment the hypoxia group showed a mean increase in maximum speed of 2.0% (90% confidence limits, ±0.5%); sprint speed was relatively faster by 1.5% (±1.7%) in the first sprint through 7.0% (±1.5%) in the last; there were also substantial reductions in exercise lactate concentration and resting and exercise heart rate. Substantial effects on performance were still present 9 days later. Thus, adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia substantially improves high-intensity running performance.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine whether the highest vitamin C supplementation associated with complete bioavailability influences the plasma and blood mononuclear cell IL-6 and IL-10 response to exercise. A double-blinded study of supplementation with vitamin C was performed. After 15 days of supplementation with vitamin C (500 mg · day?1, n = 16) or a placebo (n = 15), participants in the study completed a 15-km run competition. Blood samples were taken before and after competition. Oxidative stress markers, antioxidants, cortisol, IL-6 and IL-10 were determined in plasma or serum. IL-6 and IL-10 protein and mRNA levels were measured in blood mononuclear cells. Although higher plasma and blood mononuclear cell vitamin C levels were observed in the supplemented group when compared with the placebo one, the two groups showed identical exercise-induced changes in all the measured parameters. Exercise induced increased IL-6 and IL-10 levels in plasma and blood mononuclear cells. IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA levels in blood mononuclear cells increased after the competition. After recovery, IL-6 mRNA returned to basal levels and IL-10 mRNA levels remained elevated. In conclusion, exercise induced increased IL-6 and IL-10 production in blood mononuclear cells. However, vitamin C supplementation did not influence IL-6 and IL-10 response to exercise.  相似文献   

18.
支链氨基酸对赛艇运动员极限运动血葡萄糖异生的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
目的：探讨补充支链氨基酸（BCAA）对不同负荷运动后及恢复期糖代谢和糖异生的影响。方法；20名赛艇运动员随机分为2组（BCAA组和对照组），BCAA组每天补充支链氨基酸，时间为4周，对照组则补充安慰剂。在实验期间，两组运动员都进行相同负荷的运动训练。4周后，在赛艇测功仪上进行模拟2km和5km的耐力测试，并分别在运动前、运动后即刻和运动后30min取血测定血糖、丙氨酸和乳酸。结果：在耐力极限负荷运动中，BCAA组的血糖只在运动后即刻明显下降（P 〈0．05），而对照组则在运动后即刻和运动后30min都明显低于安静时水平（P〈0．05）。BCAA组血丙氨酸浓度在运动后即刻和运动后30min均明显增加（P，〈0．05），而对照组血丙氨酸浓度则在运动后出现明显的下降（P〈0．05）。BCAA组的血乳酸值在运动后明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：补充BCAA可促进力竭运动后及恢复期糖的异生、延缓疲劳发生和促进运动后疲劳的消除。  相似文献   

19.
目的:探讨不同游泳运动方式对大鼠海马蛋白激酶C(PKC)表达的影响;方法:55只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(5只)、持续和间歇游泳训练组(各25只)。建立大鼠运动模型,采用SP免疫组织化学方法,观察大鼠海马PKC在对照组、持续游泳训练组和间歇游泳训练组的表达规律;结果:间歇、持续游泳训练组PKC在训练后各时间点的表达均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。持续组PKC在运动后即刻表达达到最高峰;间歇组PKC则在运动后60 min表达达到最高峰。持续组PKC在运动后即刻、30 min、60 min时段内表达均明显高于间歇组(P<0.01),而运动后240 min时表达则明显低于间歇组(P<0.01);结论:游泳运动作为一种应激可以促进海马PKC的表达;运动后大鼠海马PKC的表达随运动刺激的强度、时间的变化而不同。  相似文献   

20.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) versus placebo (PLA) beverage consumption on the immune and plasma cortisol responses to a soccer-specific exercise protocol in 8 university team soccer players. In a randomized, counterbalanced design, the players received carbohydrate or placebo beverages before, during and after two 90min soccer-specific exercise bouts (3 days apart) designed to mimic the activities performed and the distance covered in a typical soccer match. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, during and after the exercise protocol. Plasma lactate concentration increased to ~4 mmol.l-1 at 45 and 90 min of exercise in both treatments (P? 0.01). Plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower after 90 min of exercise with ingestion of the placebo than the carbohydrate (PLA: 4.57 +/- 0.12 mmol.l-1; CHO: 5.49 +/- 0.11 mmol.l-1; P? 0.01). The pattern of change in plasma cortisol, circulating lymphocyte count and saliva immunoglobulin A secretion did not differ between the carbohydrate and placebo trials. Blood neutrophil counts were 14% higher 1 h after the placebo trial than the carbohydrate trial (PLA: 4.8 =/- 0.5 x 10 9 cells.l-1; CHO:4.2 +/- 0.5 x 10 9 cells.l-1; P=0.06),but the treatment had no effect on the degranulation response of blood neutrophils stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. We conclude that, although previous studies have shown that carbohydrate feeding is effective in attenuating immune responses to prolonged continuous strenuous exercise, the same cannot be said for a soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol. When overall exercise intensity is moderate,and changes in plasma glucose, cortisol and immune variables are relatively small, it would appear that carbohydrate ingestion has only a minimal influence on the immune response to exercise.  相似文献   

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