共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
江苏省土地利用变化及其旅游驱动力研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
利用江苏省1996年-2008年土地利用变更调查数据,分别从土地利用数量、土地利用结构、土地利用程度三方面分析了江苏省土地利用变化特征,结果表明,近10年来,江苏省耕地、牧草地明显减少,交通用地与居民点及工矿用地迅速增加;土地利用结构信息熵与均衡度总体呈增长态势,用地结构不断趋于均质化;土地利用程度不断增强,用地效率明显提高。结合研究区实际情况,选取旅游总收入作为LUCC变化的旅游驱动因子,借助线性回归分析方法,建立江苏省主要土地利用类型的旅游驱动力模型,结果表明,江苏省旅游经济发展对其土地利用变化具有显著影响。建议制定有关土地利用政策时,应充分考虑影响土地利用变化的旅游驱动力因子,以更好促进区域土地资源的可持续利用。 相似文献
2.
旅游城镇化是新型城镇化的动力之一,旅游城镇化过程中当地居民生计转型是政府和学界关注的焦点。本文以大连金石滩旅游度假区为例,对1992-2012年当地居民的生计转型进行了分析。研究表明：1992-2012年,旅游度假区当地居民实现了由传统“农民”到现代“市民”的生计转变,具体表现为：生计资本总量增加,结构从原来的以耕地、林地、海上养殖场等为主的自然资本依赖转为现在的以楼房、门面店、汽车等为主的物质资本依赖;生计策略上,从纯农业型转变为其他非农型;生计结果上,生计收入和支出整体增加,结构不断优化。但是,这种生计转型本质上是旅游度假区自然资源利用方式和强度调整的结果,而在此调整过程中,当地居民的生计需求没有得到充分关注,这主要体现在：当地居民居住空间被压缩,耕地等自然资产被用于商业开发;当地居民旅游型生计的缺失;当地居民对政府补贴的依赖造成生计结构贫困。因此,本文提出：尊重旅游度假区范围内原有自然村落的空间分布,尽量避免拆迁;强化对旅游度假区当地居民本身作为旅游资源的挖掘和开发;构建多层次吸纳当地居民就业的岗位体系。 相似文献
3.
农牧交错区50年来耕地开发过程及其驱动因素分析
——以大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
杜蒙县是一个20世纪初开始农业开发的牧区,近50年的农业开发力度较大.在遥感和GIS支持下,乙用TM、MSS、地形图及相关资料,对1954年～2001年杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县耕地开发过程及驱动机制进行了分析.结果表明该区近50年来耕地急剧增长,耕地增长的土地来源主要是草地和沼泽地,还有部分林地和治理后的盐碱地.耕地也有部分转为林地和城镇及居民用地,其中80年代初实行"退耕还林还草牧"政策,有部分耕地变为草地.其驱动机制有人口的增长,主要是汉族人口的增长;社会生产力的进步,主要是农机具的大量使用,使人们有能力开垦大量的土地;土地政策,对耕地的开发起到宏观调控作用. 相似文献
4.
基于扩展CA模型的土地利用变化时空模拟研究——以深圳市为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文从改进传统CA模型在土地利用变化时空模拟方面存在缺陷和不足的角度出发,结合Markov模型的总量预测优势以及CA模型的空间演化优势,提出基于Logistic回归的元胞适应度计算方法等,以此构建开发出扩展CA模型,并基于2000年、2008年ETM影像以及相关辅助数据对深圳市2000年-2015年土地利用变化进行了模拟研究。结果表明:①耕地和建设用地是深圳市变化最为显著的土地利用类型,建设用地增加的主要来源是耕地和园地,其次是未利用地;②深圳市未来土地利用方式仍将以建设用地快速扩张为主,若继续目前的发展趋势,未来耕地保护压力巨大;③经检验,扩展CA模型模拟精度达到83.74%,能够满足反映区域土地利用变化趋势的需要,可以为地方政府在制定土地政策时提供有价值的决策参考依据。 相似文献
5.
大都市边缘区土地利用动态变化研究——以北京市平谷区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以北京市平谷区为例,利用1993年、2008年两期土地利用现状图,从数量结构、空间格局和类型转换三个角度对平谷区土地利用的动态变化情况进行了定量分析。结果表明：①15年来,平谷区耕地面积锐减,园地面积大幅增加,城乡建设用地逐年增加;②土地利用变化的强度和方向在不同地貌分区存在明显差异,山区、半山区受农业结构调整和生态退耕政策影响,耕地流失最严重,主要转为园地和林地,而在平原区,主要是建设占用导致耕地减少;从山区、半山区到平原区建设用地面积增加量依次增大;③在土地利用类型转换上,主要表现为耕地转为园地、林地和城镇村及工矿用地,林地转为园地,以及草地转为林地;园地的增加主要来自农业结构调整,新增建设用地主要分布在平原区,来源于耕地。因此,协调经济发展与农地保护间的矛盾,是平谷区社会经济发展中必须重视和解决的问题;继续加强生态保护,以保障平谷发展服务首都北京的功能,实现自身社会经济的可持续发展目标。 相似文献
6.
快速城市化地区耕地流失的时空特征及其驱动机制综合分析——以江苏省苏锡常地区为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于遥感影像、社会经济统计数据及地理空间数据,以耕地流失显著的江苏省苏锡常地区为例,在分析耕地流失时空特征的基础上,不仅剖析了驱动耕地数量减少的宏观政策与社会经济因素,还重点研究了影响耕地流失格局的微观空间因子。研究结果表明:①研究区耕地数量经历了快速减少-缓慢减少-加速减少的变化轨迹,这与不同时期国家宏观政策的重大调整紧密相关;1990-2010年间耕地流失总量为24.46万hm2,主要流向为建设用地与水库坑塘;②城镇人口的激增和区域经济的飞速发展,是驱动研究区耕地数量锐减的主要社会经济因素;③高程因子、距离与交通通达因子、邻域因子均不同程度影响耕地流失的空间格局,其中占主导的是到中心城区的距离、交通便利性以及邻域效应的驱动作用;④未来区域规划应考虑通过产业布局调整和区域整体规划以促进城乡社会经济的协调发展,同时还应重视提高工矿用地以及与三产相关的建设用地的集约利用水平,促进耕地资源开发的合理、有序。 相似文献
7.
土地利用是造成碳排放增长的主要原因,为了分析土地利用方式的碳排放效应,以山东省为例,计算并分析了1999-2008年间山东省主要土地利用方式的碳排放效应及时间差异。结果表明:建设用地与耕地是主要碳源。林地、园地与牧草地为碳汇,其中林地为最主要的碳汇,其次是园地,牧草地的碳汇作用最弱。 相似文献
8.
9.
中国城市建设用地开发强度的碳排放效率分析与低碳优化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
提高城市建设用地开发强度容易陷入增加投入与控制碳排放两难选择的困境,理想碳排放效率下的适度建设用地开发强度成为控制碳排放与兼顾城市经济发展的关键。本文计算了中国30个省份2003年、2006年、2009年与2012年的建设用地开发强度,然后基于松弛测度（Slack Based Measure ,SBM）模型估算了建设用地开发强度的碳排放总效率、技术效率和规模效率。研究结果表明：①在时空分布上,城市建设用地开发强度与其碳排放效率是动态变化的,但两者变化趋势并不一致;②城市建设用地开发强度2003-2006年增长缓慢,东部略高;2006-2009年增长明显,东中西差异不大;2009-2012年大幅提升,西部建设用地开发强度超过东部和中部;③2003-2012年,碳排放有效省份由中西部向东部转移,东西部地区具有较高的碳排放效率值;④技术效率不足是引起碳排放总效率低下的主要原因;⑤东部地区由于减缓建设用地开发强度增速得以提高碳排放效率,中西部地区因建设用地开发强度的快速提升而无法兼顾碳排放效率。最后,针对总效率无效省份,构建结合了东中西土地利用与经济发展特点的低碳优化策略,以期改善城市建设用地开发强度的碳排放效率。 相似文献
10.
《资源科学》2017,(9)
开展区域土地利用变化的多情景模拟对比研究,是厘清不同土地利用变化情景特点的重要基础,可为土地利用规划与政策制定提供多决策支持。本文在分析各地类转移情况的基础上,遵从自然增长、效益最大的原则,结合CLUE-S模型和Markov、Tietenberg模型对武汉市蔡甸区未来土地利用变化进行不同情景的模拟预测,并分析了各情景下土地利用变化的时空特征及土地收益。结果表明:(1)各情景下城镇村及工矿用地的来源结构差异明显。自然增长情景(情景Ⅰ)中城镇村及工矿用地增加的主要来源是耕地和水域用地,收益最大情景(情景Ⅱ)中城镇村及工矿用地增加的主要来源是耕地;(2)从景观结构和稳定性来看,两种情景下耕地和城镇村及工矿用地景观结构变化显著,耕地在两种情景下均呈现"稳定-不稳定-稳定"的变化规律,情景Ⅱ下城镇村及工矿用地景观稳定性更高,且新生成的城镇村及工矿用地斑块具有面积小、数量多的特点;(3)各情景下城镇用地扩张方式不尽相同,情景Ⅱ中城镇用地的扩张具有扩张速度更缓和、布局更均匀的特点,情景Ⅰ中城镇用地是围绕中心城区的摊大饼外延扩张方式;(4)从土地收益来看,在相同用地量下情景Ⅱ中土地获取的收益高于情景Ⅰ。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
15.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
16.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
17.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
19.
Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
20.
WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献